Abstract: An annotation system uses annotations for a first set of sensor measurements from a first sensor to identify annotations for a second set of sensor measurements from a second sensor. The annotation system identifies reference annotations in the first set of sensor measurements that indicates a location of a characteristic object in the two-dimensional space. The annotation system determines a spatial region in the three-dimensional space of the second set of sensor measurements that corresponds to a portion of the scene represented in the annotation of the first set of sensor measurements. The annotation system determines annotations within the spatial region of the second set of sensor measurements that indicates a location of the characteristic object in the three-dimensional space.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and a device for an activation of brain regions. The method comprises attaching a first active electrode to a first leg of a person in the back of the knee area in an expected location of a peroneal nerve of the first leg and attaching a grounding electrode to the person. Generating electrical pulses by a pulse generator connected to the first active electrode and the grounding electrode. Stimulating by the first active electrodes the peroneal nerve of the first leg, activating the brain regions via the stimulation and controlling via a control unit a flow of the generated pulses to the first electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for a neuromodulation treatment of a low urinary tract dysfunction. The neuromodulation method comprises attaching at least one active electrode to at least one leg of the patient in the back of the knee area in an expected location of a peroneal nerve of the at least one leg. Attaching a grounding electrode to the patient's body. Generating electrical pulses by a pulse generator connected to the at least one active electrode and the grounding electrode. Controlling via a control unit a flow of the generated electrical pulses to the at least one active electrode and stimulating by the at least one active electrode the peroneal nerve of the at least one leg of the patient.

Abstract: A transistor package comprising: a substrate; a first transistor in thermal contact with the substrate, wherein the transistor comprises a gate; the substrate sintered to a heat sink through a sintered layer; an encapsulant that at least partially encapsulates the first transistor; and a Kelvin connection to the transistor gate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a neuromodulation method for treating neurodegenerative disease. The neuromodulation method comprises attaching a first active electrode to a patient's leg in the back of the knee area in an expected location of a peroneal nerve of the first leg and attaching a grounding electrode to the patient's body. Generating electrical pulses by a pulse generator connected to the first active electrode and the grounding electrode. Stimulating by the first active electrodes the peroneal nerve of the first leg and controlling via a control unit a flow of the generated pulses to the first electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a neuromodulation medical treatment device and a medical treatment neuromodulation method for stimulating peripheral nerves. The device comprises a pulse generator and at least one active electrode connected to the pulse generator. The at least one active electrode has an electrically conductive surface of less than or equal to 0.3100 square inch and the electrically conductive surface is attachable to a patient's skin in a proximity of branches of peripheral nerves. The at least one active electrode is adapted to stimulate via the electrically conductive surface the peripheral nerves by electrical pulses generated by the pulse generator. The control unit controls the pulse generator and sets at least one parameter of generated electrical pulses.

Abstract: A neuromodulation apparatus and method of using the same. The neuromodulation apparatus has a plurality of active electrodes electrically isolated from each other and arranged in at least one electrodes array, at least one reference electrode, a pulse generator electrically connected to each active electrode of the plurality of active electrodes and configured to selectively transmit electric pulses to each of the plurality of active electrodes and a control unit coupled to the electrical pulse generator and adapted to measure a resistance and/or a current-voltage characteristic between each active electrode of the plurality of active electrodes and the at least one reference electrode.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a neuromodulation method for treating the syndromes of a low urinary tract dysfunction. The neuromodulation method comprises attaching a first active electrode to a first patient's leg in the back of the knee area in proximity of a peroneal nerve of the first leg. Attaching a second active electrode to a second patient's leg in the back of the knee area in proximity of a peroneal nerve of the second leg. Attaching a grounding electrode to the patient's body. Generating electrical pulses by a pulse generator connected to the first, the second active electrode and a grounding electrode. Stimulating by the first and the second active electrodes the peroneal nerve of the first and the second leg and controlling via control unit a flow of the generated pulses to each of the first and second active electrode.

Abstract: A method is provided for interacting with audience members in an event, each of the potential attendees having available thereto a unique identifier. The method comprises creating, for an attendee, a unique ID (UID) on a mobile wireless device (MWD) by the steps of inputting to the MWD one of the unique identifiers, combining the obtained unique identifier with a UID time stamp at the time of creation of the UID; receiving with a server on a first wireless channel communications from the MWD; registering the UID at the physical location of the event; generating a visual query; displaying on the MWD response indicators; receiving at the server from the registered attendee a response, to the query over the first wireless channel; and storing in a database on the server the received response in association with the displayed query.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bioreactor for RNA in vitro transcription, a method for RNA in vitro transcription, a module for transcribing DNA into RNA and an automated apparatus for RNA manufacturing. Further, the use of a bioreactor for RNA in vitro transcription as described herein is part of the present invention. The present invention relates to an RNA in vitro transcription reactor designed to be operable in an automated manner under GMP-compliant conditions. In particular, said RNA in vitro transcription reactor allows repetitive use of DNA template for various RNA in vitro transcription reactions. Further, the invention relates to an apparatus for RNA manufacturing comprising (a) a module for template DNA synthesis, (b) a module for transcribing DNA into RNA comprising said RNA in vitro transcription reactor, and, optionally, (c) a module for RNA formulation.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile. The photovoltaic roof tile can include a transparent front cover, a transparent back cover, and a plurality of polycrystalline-Si-based photovoltaic structures positioned between the front cover and the back cover. A respective polycrystalline-Si-based photovoltaic structure has a front surface facing the front cover and a back surface facing the back cover. The photovoltaic roof tile can further include a paint layer positioned on a back surface of the back cover facing away from the front cover. A color of the paint layer substantially matches a color of the front surface of the respective polycrystalline-Si-based photovoltaic structure.

Abstract: Provided are methods of preparing 3-R-1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one compounds using convenient and efficient methods. Also provided are 3-R-1,4,2-dioxazol-5-one compounds produced using the methods described.

Abstract: An effective neuromodulation electrode assembly configured to provide a precise neuromodulation of a desired nerves whilst forming an efficient electro conductive interface between a patient skin and the neuromodulation electrode. The neuromodulation electrode comprising an enclosure having on one side a protrusion extending up to an end having an opening, an electrical interface, an electro conductive electrode piece coupled to the electrical interface on one end and having the opposite end configured to interact with a patient skin, The electrode piece further comprising, an electrically conductive solid element coupled on one side to the electrical interface and an electrically conductive soft deformable element that projects outwards through the opening and which adapted to form an interface between the solid element and the patient skin.

Abstract: Provided are electrolyte solutions including both lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate and lithium tetrafluoroborate and a solvent component for use in lithium metal or anode-free rechargeable battery cell and methods of using the electrolyte solutions to improve capacity retention of the battery cells. Also provided are rechargeable battery systems including a lithium metal or anode-free battery cell and electrolyte solutions including both lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate and lithium tetrafluoroborate and a solvent component. The systems described herein exhibit improved capacity retention.

Abstract: Methods of preparing electrodes for use in rechargeable battery using two lithiation steps wherein, including a first lithiation step conducted at higher temperatures than the second lithiation step.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile. The photovoltaic roof tile can include a front glass cover, a back glass cover, a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between the front and back glass covers, and a single encapsulant layer positioned between the front glass cover and the photovoltaic structures. A surface of the photovoltaic structures is in direct contact with the back glass cover.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile module. The photovoltaic roof tile module can include a photovoltaic roof tile module. The photovoltaic roof tile module can include at least: a first photovoltaic roof tile and a second photovoltaic roof tile positioned adjacent to each other, and a spacer coupled to and positioned between the first and second photovoltaic roof tiles. A respective photovoltaic roof tile can include front and back glass covers, and multiple cascaded strings encapsulated between the front and back glass covers. A respective cascaded string can include a plurality of photovoltaic structures electrically coupled to each other in series, and the multiple cascaded strings can be electrically coupled to each other in parallel. The first and second photovoltaic roof tiles can be electrically coupled to each other in parallel.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile module. The photovoltaic roof tile module can include a front glass cover, a back glass cover, a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between the front and back glass covers, and an internal circuit component electrically coupled to the plurality of photovoltaic structures. The internal circuit component is positioned between the front and back glass covers. The back glass cover can include at least one through hole and a metallic plug inserted inside the through hole. A first surface of the metallic plug can electrically couple to the internal circuit component, and a second opposite surface of the metallic plug can be exposed to surroundings external to the photovoltaic roof tile module, thereby facilitating electrical coupling between the photovoltaic roof tile module and another photovoltaic roof tile module.

Abstract: The invention provides a device for stimulating peripheral nerves, comprising a memory, at least one electrode attached to the patient's body for generating pulses, and a control unit connected with an electrode for setting at least one electrode pulse parameter. The device further includes a detector of response to neuromodulation connected with a control unit for transmitting information on a frequency of movement of at least a part of the body to the control unit, and a controller connected with the control unit for acquiring a user input. The control unit of the device further sets flow of current of electrode pulses automatically, depending on information on a frequency value of movement of a part of the body. The invention further provides a method for treating the syndromes of an overactive bladder using a neuromodulation device. And method of collecting information of such devices.

Abstract: A steering wheel assembly includes a steering rim and a steering housing connected to the steering rim. The steering wheel assembly also includes at least one pressure sensitive component disposed within the steering housing. The at least one pressure sensitive component generates electric signals in response to force applied on the steering housing. The at least one pressure sensitive component may include any one of at least one piezoelectric switch, a piezoelectric sensor, and a capacitive array. Further, at least one pressure sensitive component may provide a haptic feedback. Additionally, a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) disposed within the steering housing is electrically connected to the at least one pressure sensitive component. The PCB includes a controller that determines a user input or a gesture made by a user on the steering housing based on the electric signals received from the at least one pressure sensitive component.

Abstract: An interactive user interface for a steering wheel is provided. A user interface is provided on one or more portions of the steering wheel. The user interface recognizes gesture movements made by a user thereon. The user interface allows navigation of a set of controls associated with a menu provided through the user interface based on the recognized gesture movements.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile module. The photovoltaic roof tile module can include a first photovoltaic roof tile and a second photovoltaic roof tile positioned adjacent to each other and a spacer coupled to and positioned between the first and second photovoltaic roof tiles. A respective photovoltaic roof tile can include a front glass cover and a back cover, which includes a glass substrate and a pre-laid circuit attached to the glass substrate. The pre-laid circuit is electrically coupled to the plurality of photovoltaic structures. The spacer can include a thermal plastic body and one or more metallic strips embedded within the thermal plastic body, and both ends of a respective metallic strip extend beyond edges of the thermal plastic body to facilitate electrical coupling between pre-laid circuits of the first and second photovoltaic roof tiles.

Abstract: A glass structure for a vehicle includes an outer layer of glass, an inner layer of glass, and an interlayer stack disposed between opposing surfaces of the outer layer of glass and the inner layer of glass. The interlayer stack includes at least two interlayer substrates and at least one of the interlayer substrates includes a decorative treatment. In another example, the interlayer stack includes at least two interlayer substrates and at least one of the interlayer substrates includes a functional component.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile. The photovoltaic roof tile can include a transparent front cover, a back cover, a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between the front cover and the back cover, and a front-cover-colorant layer positioned on an interior surface of the transparent front cover that faces a top surface of the photovoltaic structures. A color of the front-cover-colorant layer can substantially match a color of the top surface of the photovoltaic structures, and the front-cover-colorant layer can be configured to cover regions of the interior surface that are not directly above the top surface of the photovoltaic structures, thereby enabling a substantially uniform appearance of the photovoltaic roof tile.

Abstract: A glass structure for a vehicle includes an outer layer of glass and an inner layer of glass. The inner layer of glass is perforated by a plurality of holes and the outer layer of glass and the inner layer of glass are separated by a gap disposed between opposing surfaces of the outer layer of glass and the inner layer of glass. The glass structure provided herein may provide noise absorption and temperature insulation characteristics.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile module. The photovoltaic roof tile module can include a plurality of photovoltaic roof tiles mechanically and electrically coupled to each other. A respective photovoltaic roof tile can include a front glass cover, a back glass cover, and a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between the front and back glass covers. The back glass cover can include a glass substrate and a pre-laid circuit electrically coupled to the plurality of photovoltaic structures, and the pre-laid circuit can include a plurality of metallic strips that are attached to and in direct contact with the back glass cover.

Abstract: Improved battery systems have been developed for lithium-ion based batteries. The improved systems include a nonaqueous electrolyte including one or more lithium salts, one or more nonaqueous solvents, and an additive or additive mixture comprising one or more operative additives selected from a group of disclosed compounds, including 3-aryl substituted 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones and 3-phenyl-1,3,2,4-dioxathiazole 2-oxide.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile. The photovoltaic roof tile can include a front cover, a back cover, and a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between the front and back covers. A respective photovoltaic structure can include a first edge busbar positioned near an edge of a first surface and a second edge busbar positioned near an opposite edge of a second surface. The plurality of photovoltaic structures can be arranged in such a way that the first edge busbar of a first photovoltaic structure overlaps the second edge busbar of an adjacent photovoltaic structure with a layer of adhesive conductive film sandwiched between the first and second edge busbars, thereby resulting in the plurality of photovoltaic structures forming a serially coupled string.

Abstract: One embodiment can provide a photovoltaic roof tile. The photovoltaic roof tile can include a plurality of photovoltaic structures positioned between a front cover and a back cover, a bridge electrode coupled to a front-side busbar belonging to a photovoltaic structure, and a metallic strip positioned on a back side of the bridge electrode. The bridge electrode can include a substrate and at least one metallization layer positioned on a back surface of the substrate, and the metallization layer is electrically coupled to both the front-side busbar and the metallic strip, thereby enabling electrical coupling between the front-side busbar and the metallic strip.

Abstract: A cleaning system for a vehicle includes a beam optics assembly that emits a laser beam to irradiate a region on a glass article of the vehicle, debris detection circuitry that detects debris accumulated over the region, and control circuitry. The control circuitry calibrates a set of parameters associated with the laser beam emitted from the beam optics assembly based on detection of the debris accumulated over the region on the glass article, controls an exposure level of the laser beam on the debris accumulated based on calibration of the set of parameters associated with the laser beam, wherein the exposure level is controlled based on pulsing the laser beam at a calibrated rate that limits penetration of the laser beam to a depth that is less than a thickness of the glass article, and removes the debris accumulated over the region on the glass article using the laser beam.

Abstract: A cushion having a fibrous foam architecture. The cushion has a trim cover and a number of fibrous layers attached to the trim cover. One or more structural properties of a fibrous layer can be controlled to differ from that of other layers.

Abstract: Securely provisioning a System on a Chip (SoC) includes generating a public/private key pair having a public key and a private key, securely storing the private key external to the SoC, embedding the public key in Resistor Transistor Logic (RTL) of the SoC during manufacture of the SoC, encrypting provisioning data using the private key to create encrypted provisioning data, and programming the SoC using the encrypted provisioning data. The secure provisioning may further include generating a secret shared key, embedding the secret shared key in the RTL of the SoC during manufacture of the SoC, and encrypting the provisioning data using the secret shared key. The RTL may be the boot Read Only Memory (ROM) of the SoC. The secure provisioning technique may also be used for subsequent provisioning after the SoC is deployed.

Abstract: An autonomous driving controller includes a plurality of parallel processors operating on common input data. Each of the plurality of parallel processors includes a general processor, a security processor subsystem (SCS), and a safety subsystem (SMS). The general processors, the SCSs, and the SMSs of the plurality of parallel processors are configured to first, boot the plurality of SCSs from ROM second, boot the plurality of SMSs of the plurality of parallel processors from RAM or ROM, and, third, boot the plurality of general processors of the plurality of parallel processors from RAM. Between booting of the SCSs and the SMSs, at least one of the plurality of SCSs may load SMS boot code into the RAM that is dedicated to the plurality of SMSs.

Abstract: A System on a Chip (SoC) includes a plurality of general purpose processors, a plurality of application specific processors, a plurality of SoC support processing components, a security processing subsystem (SCS), a general access Network on a Chip (NoC) coupled to and servicing communications between the plurality of general purpose processors and the plurality of SoC support components, and a proprietary access NoC coupled to and servicing communications for the plurality of application specific processors and the SCS. The SoC may further include a safety processor subsystem (SMS) coupled to the proprietary access NoC, wherein the proprietary access NoC further services communications for the SMS and isolates communications of the SMS from communications of the plurality of general purpose processors. The general access NoC and the proprietary access NoC isolate communications of the SCS and the SMS from communications of the plurality of general purpose processors.

Abstract: An autonomous driving controller includes a plurality of parallel processors operating on common input data received from the plurality of autonomous driving sensors. Each of the plurality of parallel processors includes communication circuitry, a general processor, a security processor subsystem (SCS), and a safety subsystem (SMS). The communication circuitry supports communications between the plurality of parallel processors, including inter-processor communications between the general processors of the plurality of parallel processors, communications between the SCSs of the plurality of parallel processors using SCS cryptography, and communications between the SMSs of the plurality of parallel processors using SMS cryptography, the SMS cryptography differing from the SCS cryptography. The SCS and/or the SMS may each include dedicated hardware and/or memory to support the communications.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a module housing and multiple battery cells with insulating material and discharge directing material positioned inside the module housing. Each of the battery cells has a first end and a second end. Further, each of the battery cells has a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The energy storage system includes a first interconnect and a second interconnect positioned over the battery cells. Multiple first cell connectors connect the positive terminals of the battery cells to the first interconnect. Multiple second cell connectors connect the negative terminals of the battery cells to the second interconnect. A top plate having an interior side and an exterior side is positioned over the first interconnect and the second interconnect. The top plate includes one or more weak areas with reduced integrity positioned above one or more battery cells.

Abstract: A crash can for a vehicle includes a multi-cell structure that includes at least four hollow cuboids, each defined by four walls that meet at 90 degree angles and at least two of the cuboids share a wall. In another example, a crash can includes a multi-cell structure that includes a hollow cuboid having four walls, and four hollow isosceles trapezoidal prisms having a long base, a short base, and two legs. The multi-cell structures provided herein may increase energy absorption by the crash can if involved in a collision, reducing energy transfer to a vehicle frame and occupants therein.

Abstract: A hinge assembly for a hood of a vehicle is provided. The hinge assembly includes a body member and a hood member. The hood member is pivotally coupled with the body member through a pivot pin. The hood member or the body member partially wraps around the pivot pin such that the hood member or the body member defines a notch. The hood member or the body member is adapted to disengage from the pivot pin on application of an impact force on the hood member.

Abstract: A battery system includes multiple cells arranged in a common cell enclosure that can also be used for a structure and heat transfer fluid conduit. The battery system also includes a first collector plate. The first collector plate has multiple collector tabs that correspond to the multiple cells. Each collector tab is connected to a cathode of a corresponding cell from amongst the multiple cells present in the battery system.

Abstract: Exemplary systems that may reduce or eliminate the visibility of a boundary between the displaying portions of the system and the non-displaying portions of the system are disclosed. An exemplary system includes a display screen including a plurality of pixels forming a first periodic structure and a frame surrounding at least a portion of the display screen. The frame may include a holographic structure having a second periodic structure. The first pitch of the first periodic structure may be within 0.5 percent to 20 percent of the second pitch of the second periodic structure.

Abstract: A steering system for a vehicle includes a drive motor having a motor shaft. The steering system also includes a first gear reduction stage for receiving a first rotational input from the motor shaft and providing a first rotational output. The steering system further includes a second gear reduction stage for receiving the first rotational output from the first gear reduction stage and providing a second rotational output. The second gear reduction stage may include at least one of a strain wave gearing, a worm drive, and a planetary gearing. The steering system includes an output shaft for receiving the second rotational output from the second gear reduction stage.

Abstract: A vehicle seat includes a seating portion and a backrest portion coupled to the seating portion. The seat also includes a temperature-control system associated with at least one of the seating portion and the backrest portion. The temperature-control system includes a base layer and an intermediate layer disposed adjacent to the base layer. The intermediate layer is adapted to allow fluid to flow through it. The temperature-control system includes a cover layer disposed adjacent to the intermediate layer. The temperature-control system includes at least one heating element disposed between the intermediate layer and the cover layer. The temperature-control system further includes a fluid pump to provide fluid flow through the intermediate layer.

Abstract: A charging connector includes a first electrical socket and a second electrical socket. A first sleeve and a second sleeve are provided, such that the first sleeve is concentrically coupled to the first electrical socket and the second sleeve is concentrically coupled to the second electrical socket. A manifold assembly is adapted to enclose the first and second electrical sockets and the first and second sleeves, such that the first and second sleeves and the manifold assembly create a hollow interior space there between. An inlet conduit and an outlet conduit within the manifold assembly such that inlet conduit, the interior space, and the outlet conduit together create a fluid flow path.

Abstract: A structure for forming inductor windings includes a first portion and a second portion of a clamshell casing. The first portion includes a first set of electrically conductive segments, a first inner carrier, and a first outer carrier. The second portion includes a second set of electrically conductive segments, a second inner carrier, and a second outer carrier. An inductor core is mountable between the first inner carrier and the first outer carrier within the first portion. A control assembly aligns and joins the first portion to the second portion of the clamshell casing such that the first set of electrically conductive segments arranged in the first pattern that correspond to first half-turns of the inductor windings, are attached to the second set of electrically conductive segments arranged in the second pattern that correspond to second half-turns of the inductor windings, to form continuous turns around the inductor core.

Abstract: An apparatus for multi-axial transfer of objects in assembly line includes a first conveyor assembly, a second conveyor assembly, a first drive assembly, and a pivot point arrangement. The first conveyor assembly includes a plurality of rollers in a horizontal plane. The second conveyor assembly includes a plurality of geared chain arrangements mounted on at least one drive shaft. At least one of the plurality of rollers and the at least one drive shaft are coupled to the bevel gear arrangement. The first drive assembly includes a first motor coupled to the bevel gear arrangement to cause movement of an object in contact with the first conveyor assembly and the second conveyor assembly along a first axis and a second axis in the horizontal plane, respectively. The plurality of geared chain arrangements are movable along a third axis in a vertical plane using the pivot point arrangement.

Abstract: A high-power Voltage Regulator Module (VRM) includes a housing having side walls, an upper opening, and a lower opening, a VRM circuit board oriented within the housing, a plane of the VRM circuit board oriented in parallel to at least one of the side walls of the housing, an upper Printed Circuit Board (PCB) coupled to the upper opening of the housing, a lower panel coupled to the lower opening of the housing, a coolant inlet port formed in the lower panel, and a coolant outlet port formed in the lower panel. The high power VRM may include a coolant inlet adapter coupled to the coolant inlet port and a coolant outlet adapter coupled to the coolant outlet port. The coolant inlet adapter and the coolant outlet adapter may provide support for the VRM.

Abstract: A controller for use in a battery charging system includes processing circuitry configured to perform certain tasks during battery charging operations, and other tasks during operational use of the battery. During a charging operation, the controller receives a measured DC impedance of a propulsion battery measured by a battery data acquisition and monitoring subsystem, obtains a reference DC impedance of a hypothetical battery, and determines an impedance degradation factor of the propulsion battery using the measured DC impedance and the reference DC impedance. During operational use of the propulsion battery, the controller obtains an operational reference impedance of the propulsion battery, determines a real-time effective impedance for the propulsion battery based on the impedance degradation factor and the operational reference impedance, and generates a feed-forward parameter based on the real-time effective impedance.

Abstract: Improved battery systems have been developed for lithium-ion based batteries. The improved battery systems consist of two-additive mixtures in an electrolyte solvent. Such battery systems are prepared by assembling a positive electrode and a negative electrode in the sealed cell, removing residual water from the sealed cell, filling the sealed cell with a nonaqueous electrolyte under an inert atmosphere, vacuum-sealing the sealed cell, carrying out a formation process comprising charging and discharging the sealed cell until the sealed cell achieves an initial capacity. The nonaqueous electrolyte includes lithium ions, a first nonaqueous solvent comprising a carbonate solvent, a second nonaquaeous solvent comprising methyl acetate, and an additive mixture of a first operative additive of either vinylene carbonate or fluoroethylene carbonate and a second operative additive of 2-furanone. Gas formation is suppressed in the battery system during the formation process.

Abstract: Improved battery systems with two-additive mixtures including in an electrolyte solvent that is a carbonate solvent, an organic solvent, a non-aqueous solvent, methyl acetate, or a combination of them. The positive electrode of the improved battery systems may be formed from lithium nickel manganese cobalt compounds, and the negative electrode of the improved battery system may be formed from natural or artificial graphite.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wiper system for a windshield of a vehicle includes a linear actuator, a wiper-arrangement, and control circuitry. The linear actuator includes at least one guide rail having permanent magnets and an electromagnetic moving block. The electromagnetic moving block includes at least one perforation that surrounds the at least one guide rail and at least one electromagnetic coil that surrounds the at least one perforation. The wiper-arrangement includes a wiper arm and a wiper blade, wherein at least the wiper arm is coupled to the electromagnetic moving block. The control circuitry controls a linear motion of the electromagnetic moving block along the at least one guide rail to steer the wiper arm that is coupled to the electromagnetic moving block back and forth across a length of the windshield to the windshield, wherein the electromagnetic moving block induces minimal friction during the linear motion.