Abstract: A sulfur particle containing a core of elemental sulfur having homogeneously dispersed particles of a conductive carbon and branched polyethyleneimine; and a coating of branched polyethyleneimine (bPEI) encapsulating the core is provided. In the sulfur particle the dispersed particles of conductive carbon are associated with the bPEI. A cathode having an active material containing the sulfur particles and a sulfur loading of 1.0 mg S/cm2 to 10 mg/cm2 and a battery containing the cathode are also provided.

Abstract: Provided is a system in which a vehicle-mounted device and a mobile device are connected using a communication protocol. The vehicle-mounted device includes: a storage unit that stores information indicating whether or not an e-mail transmitting function specified in the communication protocol is incorporated; a control unit that determines, according to an instruction for transmitting an e-mail to the mobile device, whether or not the mobile device is equipped with the e-mail transmitting function, on the basis of the information in the storage unit; and a processing unit that transmits text, for e-mail, generated by the vehicle-mounted device, to the mobile device, and instructs the mobile device to generate an electronic mail according to the text for e-mail and transmit the electronic mail to an external network when the e-mail transmitting function is incorporated, and that instructs the mobile device to generate text for e-mail when the e-mail transmitting function is not incorporated.

Abstract: A feedback server includes a processing circuitry configured to determine an actual driving performance of a driver in a manual driving mode and a projected driving performance if the vehicle had been operated in an autonomous driving mode, compare the driving performance in the manual driving mode and the autonomous driving mode, and transmit a feedback to the driver based on the comparison. The processing circuitry can be further configured to determine a driver state of the driver in the manual driving mode, determine environmental driving condition of the vehicle, and establish a baseline behavior of the driver as a function of the driver state and the environmental driving condition.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a fuel cell, and an exhaust-drain pipe configured to temporarily accumulate water and exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell. The exhaust-drain pipe includes a drain port provided on a bottom face portion of the exhaust-drain pipe and configured to discharge water accumulated in the exhaust-drain pipe to outside the vehicle, and a division plate provided on the bottom face portion of the exhaust-drain pipe so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle front-rear direction, and the drain port are placed on a vehicle front side relative to the division plate.

Abstract: A vehicle travel control apparatus having a cruise control function allows a driver to perform an acceptance operation for rendering a set speed coincident with a speed limit when the speed limit is different from the set speed. When the drive can perform the acceptance operation, the vehicle travel control apparatus must inform the driver to that effect. In view of this, when the acceptance operation can be performed, an additional display is provided on a display unit to be located between a display representing the set speed and a display representing the speed limit, to thereby inform the driver that the driver can perform an operation relating to the set speed and the speed limit (i.e., can perform the acceptance operation).

Abstract: A vehicle control system is provided to maintain an SOC level of the battery during autonomous operation of the vehicle. The control system is applied to a vehicle that can be operated autonomously by controlling an engine, a motor, a steering system, a brake system etc. autonomously by a controller, and the vehicle is allowed to coast by manipulating a clutch. During autonomous operation of the vehicle, a first coasting mode in which the engine is stopped and the clutch is disengaged is selected if the SOC level is higher than a threshold level, and a second coasting mode in which the engine is activated and the clutch is disengaged is selected if the SOC level is lower than the threshold level.

Abstract: A vehicle drive apparatus includes: a sleeve including a first peripheral surface provided side by side with a spline; a connecting member including a groove provided side by side with a spline in spline engagement with the spline, recessed radially relative to the first peripheral surface, and including a bottom surface that serves as a second peripheral surface facing the first peripheral surface; and a tolerance ring disposed in the groove so as to exert a radial elastic force between the sleeve and the connecting member.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicular transmission including at least one dog clutch each having a first dog member mounted on a first shaft such that the first dog member is rotated together with the first shaft, and at least one second dog member each mounted to be axially adjacent to the first dog member and rotatable relative to the first shaft, first gears each mounted to be rotatable relative to the first shaft and provided with the second dog member, second gear which are mounted such that the second gears are rotated together with a second shaft parallel to the first shaft, and which mesh with the respective first gears, and a shifting mechanism for selectively placing each dog clutch in an engaged or released state.

Abstract: A sulfide all-solid-state battery which is capable of absorbing heat by a heat absorbing layer at abnormal heat generation and maintaining capacity of a battery at a high level for a long time use is provided. The sulfide all-solid-state battery contains at least one unit cell, at least one heat absorbing layer, a battery case which accommodates the unit cell and the heat absorbing layer, the unit cell contains sulfide solid electrolyte, the heat absorbing layer contains at least one organic heat absorbing material selected from the group consisting of sugar alcohols and hydrocarbons, and the heat absorbing layer does not contain an inorganic hydrate.

Abstract: A vehicle control device in a vehicle including an engine and a multi-speed transmission having a plurality of gear positions, each gear position out of the plurality of gear positions established by engaging predetermined engagement devices out of a plurality of engagement devices, the vehicle control device including a shift control portion configured to control release of a release-side engagement device of the plurality of engagement devices and engagement of an engagement-side engagement device of the plurality of engagement devices so as to switch the gear position established in the multi-speed transmission, and an engine control portion configured to provide idling-reduction control of temporarily stopping the operation of the engine based on a predetermined engine stop condition.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe structure includes an exhaust pipe, a branching portion including an inflow port, a first flow path, a second flow path, a first discharge port, and a second discharge port, a first muffler, a first pipe, a second muffler, and a second pipe. The second flow path is lower in position in an up-down direction of a vehicle than the first flow path at a downstream side part of the second flow path including at least a portion of the second discharge port. The second pipe is lower in position in the up-down direction of the vehicle at an upstream side part connected to the second discharge port than an upstream side part of the first pipe connected to the first discharge port.

Abstract: A power device package includes a dielectric substrate having an upper conductor layer and a lower conductor layer, a semiconductor die coupled to the upper conductor layer of the dielectric substrate via conductive adhesive, a cooler including a protruding hillock having a top surface and outer sides, the lower conductor layer of the dielectric substrate being coupled to the surface of the protruding hillock via an adhesive, and a magnetic material attached mateably around the protruding hillock. The magnetic material includes inner sides abutting the outer sides of the protruding hillock.

Abstract: A screw grommet is configured such that a rectangular cylindrical body is passed through an attachment hole of a door inner panel, and detent portions are configured to project to opposite sides to an axial center side of the body and to be displaceable toward the axial center side of the body and toward the opposite side to the axial center side of the body, so that the detent portions are locked to an edge portion side of the attachment hole. First parts in an edge portion of the attachment hole and second parts in the edge portion of the attachment hole are provided.

Abstract: A behavior control device for a four-wheel drive vehicle that is applied to a vehicle which comprises a center differential device that transmits a driving force from a driving device to front and rear wheel rotation shafts, and permits differential of the front and rear wheel rotation shafts; and a braking force distribution ratio of the front and rear wheels being set to a value in which a proportion of front wheels is larger than that in an ideal distribution ratio. The behavior control device comprises a differential limiting device that changes the limitation degree of a differential between the wheel rotation shafts, and a control unit that controls the differential limiting device to increase the limitation degree of the differential during the vehicle is braked as a degree of an understeer state of the vehicle is high.

Abstract: A tubular air cleaner includes a housing, which has a peripheral wall and a bottom wall, an inlet, which is formed in the peripheral wall, an outlet, which is formed in the bottom wall, a filter element, and a partition wall portion. The filter element has a filtration portion and is accommodated in the housing. The partition wall portion forms the inlet together with the peripheral wall. The filter element is arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of the housing. An air flow path is formed between the filtration portion and the inner peripheral surfaces of the peripheral wall and the partition wall portion. The air flow path has a gradual change portion, in which the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall and the outer peripheral surface of the filtration portion gradually decreases toward the downstream end.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus (14) has an assisting device (143) for performing a parking assist operation; and a controlling device (144) for performing a first control operation for charging an electric power storage (116) by using an output of an engine, if an amount of the stored electric power (SOC) is smaller than a first threshold value (TH#2), the controlling device performs a second control operation for putting the engine into a stopping state before a moving start time at which the vehicle starts to move after an assist start time and forbidding the engine from being started after the moving start time, if the amount of the stored electric power at a timing before the moving start time is larger than a second threshold value (?SOC+TH#1) corresponding to an amount of the electric power that is capable of completing the parking of the vehicle at a target position and for putting the engine into a driving state before the moving start time and forbidding the engine from stopping after the moving start t

Abstract: A syntactic analysis unit 104 performs a syntactic analysis for linguistic information on acquired user' speech (hereinafter simply referred to as “user speech”). A non-linguistic information analysis unit 106 analyzes non-linguistic information different from the linguistic information for the acquired user speech. A topic continuation determination unit 110 determines whether a topic of the current conversation should be continued or should be changed to a different topic according to the non-linguistic information analysis result. A response generation unit 120 generates a response according to a result of a determination by the topic continuation determination unit 110.

Abstract: An ion exchanger includes a housing, which includes an inlet and an outlet for a coolant and is open upwardly, and a cartridge mounted within the housing so as to be removable upwardly out of the housing. The cartridge includes a first case and a second case respectively located above and below the inlet and the outlet and capable of containing an ion exchange resin. The first case includes a first flow entrance, which is in fluid communication with the inlet of the housing, and a first flow exit, which is in fluid communication with the outlet of the housing. The second case includes a second flow entrance in fluid communication with the inlet of the housing and a second flow exit in fluid communication with the outlet of the housing.

Abstract: A system for improving safety while providing privacy for a vehicle. The system includes a display screen located within the vehicle, configured to alternate between a displaying state and a non-displaying state. The system includes a window configured to alternate between an opaque state and a transparent state. The system includes an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to determine whether the display screen is powered on. The ECU is configured to alternate the display screen between the displaying state and the non-displaying state at a predetermined frequency when the display screen is powered on. The ECU is configured to alternate the window between the opaque state and the transparent state at the predetermined frequency, the display screen being in the displaying state when the window is in the opaque state and the display screen being in the non-displaying state when the window is in the transparent state.

Abstract: A vehicular door structure includes a door outer panel that constitutes a door exterior panel; a door inner panel that constitutes a door interior panel and is made of a resin, the door inner panel having a first side that is provided to the door outer panel; and a door interior member located on a second side of the door inner panel, the door interior member facing to the vehicle interior, wherein the door inner panel includes a panel part that has a plurality fragile portions, the fragile portions having a linear shape or a dotted line shape and being provided in parallel with each other while being spaced from each other in at least one direction of a door width direction and a door vertical direction.

Abstract: Provided is a method by which the degraded performance of a lithium ion secondary battery containing phosphorus atoms (P) in a nonaqueous electrolytic solution can be restored by subjecting the lithium ion secondary battery in which a coating film including P is formed on a positive electrode surface, to a comparatively simple treatment. The degraded performance recovery method for a lithium ion secondary battery disclosed herein includes an ultrasound treatment step of applying ultrasound to the lithium ion secondary battery. In the ultrasound treatment step, the frequency of the generated ultrasound is 900 kHz or higher, and the period of time in which the ultrasound is applied to the lithium ion secondary battery continuously is 5 min or more.

Abstract: An upper-limit vehicle speed should be prevented from being set to speed different from an intention of a driver. When it is detected that a speed limit is changed, an upper-limit vehicle speed setting ECU temporarily switches a control mode from a normal mode to an inquiry mode. An ASL operation unit serves a function for a change operation of upper-limit vehicle speed in the normal mode, and serves a function for a reply operation about whether the speed limit is accepted in the inquiry mode. When the ASL operation unit is operated in the normal mode, the upper-limit vehicle speed setting ECU does not switch the control mode to the inquiry mode, even if a change of a speed limit is detected, until a certain period of time (a certain period during which a mode switching prohibition period is set) has passed since the operation.

Abstract: An ultrasonic cleaner is provided. The ultrasonic cleaner includes: a first ultrasonic vibrator configured to generate a first ultrasonic wave; a first oscillator configured to drive the first ultrasonic vibrator; a wash tank configured to store a detergent solution; and an attenuation mechanism configured to damp vibration of the wash tank. The wash tank includes a parabolic surface which is a recessed surface facing a vibration surface of the first ultrasonic vibrator, and is configured to reflect the first ultrasonic wave to a focal position where an object to be cleaned is placed. The vibration of the wash tank is generated by the first ultrasonic wave impinging on the wash tank.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for manufacturing an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery that makes it possible to form a more uniform active material layer by using granulated particles. The manufacturing apparatus includes: a conveying mechanism, a supply unit, a squeegee, an adjustment unit, and rolling rolls. The conveying mechanism conveys a collector. The supply unit supplies granulated particles, including active material particles and a binder, onto the surface of the conveyed collector. The squeegee levels the supplied granulated particles. The adjustment unit is disposed upstream of the squeegee. The adjustment unit controls the accumulation height of the granulated particles accumulated upstream of the squeegee. The rolling rolls roll the leveled granulated particles and form the active material layer.

Abstract: A method of producing a nonaqueous secondary battery includes: preparing an electrode body (S10); constructing a battery assembly with the electrode body and a nonaqueous electrolyte (S20); initially charging the battery assembly (S30); aging the battery assembly at 40° C. or higher (S40); adjusting an SOC of the battery assembly (S60), wherein, the adjusting the SOC is performed such that a residual capacity percentage of the battery assembly is 11.5% or more and 14% or less; self-discharging the battery assembly and measuring a voltage drop amount (S70); and determining a quality of the battery assembly based on the voltage drop amount (S80).

Abstract: A condensed-water supply control apparatus is applied to an in-cylinder injection type internal combustion engine (1) where fuel is injected from a central area (2a) lying in a cylinder (2). The condensed-water supply control apparatus comprises: a storage tank (21) storing condensed water (CW) generated in the internal combustion engine (1); and a condensed-water supply mechanism (22) which is capable of supplying the condensed water stored in the storage tank (21) into the cylinder (2), and also controlling the supply amount of condensed water (CW) to a central area (2a) and the supply amount of condensed water (CW) to a peripheral area (2b), and in a low load state of the internal combustion engine (1), opens an adding water valve (27) and closes an adding water valve (26) so that the condensed water (CW) is supplied limitedly to the peripheral area (2b) of the cylinder (2).

Abstract: A secondary cell manufacturing method includes the steps of: disposing a cap including a magnetic body so as to cover a liquid injection hole provided in a lid member; disposing the lid member so as to cover an opening of an outer case; and bringing close to each other the magnetic body and a magnetic body that applies a magnetic force to the magnetic body, and so holding the position of the cap that is disposed to cover the liquid injection hole by the magnetic force applied from the magnetic body to the magnetic body.

Abstract: A vehicle battery mounting structure includes a battery frame that is disposed at a vehicle lower side of a floor panel, and is made from resin; a ductile member that includes a main body joined to the battery frame and a flange contiguously formed at a vehicle width direction outside end of the main body, the flange having a hole, and the ductile member being fastened to a lower face of the floor panel using a fastener inserted through the hole; and a fastening portion that is formed in a region including the hole, having a substantially hat shaped cross-section profile projecting toward a vehicle upper side and having ridge lines on vehicle front-rear direction sides of the region, and the ridge lines being formed with curved or bent shape toward directions heading away from the hole on progression toward a vehicle width direction inside in plan view.

Abstract: An object is to allow even a temporary increase in air pressure to be diagnosed as an abnormality. There is provided a fuel cell system including a fuel cell.

Abstract: An instrument cluster assembly for a vehicle includes a vehicle instrument that is viewable by an occupant of the vehicle. A transparent protective cover covers the vehicle instrument such that the vehicle instrument is viewable by the occupant through the transparent protective cover. A transparent display overlay system includes an overlay display comprising a transparent display layer connected to the transparent protective cover by an optical adhesive layer. A display controller displays an image on the transparent display layer based on vehicle information. The vehicle instrument is viewable by the occupant through the transparent protective cover and the transparent display layer adjacent the image.

Abstract: Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery that enables lithium ion replenishment in a short period of time. The lithium ion secondary battery disclosed herein is provided with a wound electrode assembly in which a long sheet-shaped positive electrode and a long sheet-shaped negative electrode are wound such that the negative electrode is positioned on the outer side of the positive electrode; a third electrode that is disposed outside the wound electrode assembly and that has an Li supply source capable of supplying lithium ion; and a porous insulating film that is disposed between the wound electrode assembly and the third electrode and that is formed from a material usable as a separator in a battery.

Abstract: A power supply system includes a plurality of electrical storage devices, a distributor configured to distribute electric power between the plurality of electrical storage devices in a desired distribution mode, and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit configured to (i) set the desired distribution mode based on at least one of a magnitude relation between first rates of change in dischargeable power of the corresponding electrical storage device to a charge state value indicating a remaining level of charge of the corresponding electrical storage device, or a magnitude relation between second rates of change in chargeable power of the corresponding electrical storage device to the charge state value, and (ii) control the distributor such that electric power is distributed in the set distribution mode.

Abstract: Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with reduced resistance in a low SOC range, with the battery having a coating on its negative electrode active material. This invention provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode that has a positive electrode active material layer comprising a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode that has a negative electrode active material layer comprising a negative electrode active material, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode active material has a coating. The coating comprises an oxalato complex-derived component and an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone-derived component. The non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery internally comprises tungsten. The tungsten content per unit capacity of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is 0.0048 g/Ah to 0.0078 g/Ah.

Abstract: A standing-ride type moving device includes: a board; wheels that are disposed on right and left sides of a front side and a rear side in a traveling direction of the board; drive units that is configured to independently rotationally drive the wheels disposed on the front side in the traveling direction of the board; a first sensor that is configured to detect a shift in the center of gravity of the rider riding the board; a steering board that is disposed on the front side in the traveling direction of the board; a second sensor that that is configured to acquire rotation information of the steering board; and a control unit that is configured to control the drive units.

Abstract: A diagnostic system for an engine includes: a plurality of cylinders, in-cylinder injectors, port injectors and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit configured to make an abnormality diagnosis of an air-fuel ratio due to the in-cylinder injectors and then to make an abnormality diagnosis of the air-fuel ratio due to the port injectors. The electronic control unit is configured to make an abnormality diagnosis of the air-fuel ratio due to the in-cylinder injectors in an operating situation in which fuel is injected from only the in-cylinder injectors, and to make an abnormality diagnosis of the air-fuel ratio due to the port injectors by increasing a ratio of an injection amount of the port injectors when the electronic control unit has diagnosed that there is an abnormality of the air-fuel ratio in an operating situation in which fuel is injected from both the in-cylinder injectors and the port injectors.

Abstract: An engine system includes an internal combustion engine, a forced induction device, an ejector device, a blow-by gas passage, and a controller. The ejector device has an ejector and a drive gas passage connected to an intake passage of the engine in a manner bypassing a compressor of the forced induction device. The controller is adapted to execute a temperature raising control when the controller determines that condensate water is likely to freeze in the ejector device. In the temperature raising control, the controller raises intake air pressure in a downstream portion of the intake passage with respect to the compressor compared to when the controller determines that the condensate water is unlikely to freeze and adjusts an intake air amount of the engine to restrain increase of the intake air amount that would be caused by increase in the intake air pressure.

Abstract: A lane keeping assist apparatus has a vehicle speed responsive adjustment section which receives a target steering angle and a vehicle speed, sets a vehicle speed adjustment coefficient on the basis of the vehicle speed, multiplies an FF target steering torque by the vehicle speed adjustment coefficient, and outputs the resultant value as an adjusted FF target steering torque. The vehicle speed adjustment coefficient is set to 0 when the vehicle speed is lower than a first set vehicle speed and to 1 when the vehicle speed is higher than a second set vehicle speed. An adding section adds the adjusted FF target steering torque and an FB target steering torque together and outputs the resultant value as a final target steering torque.

Abstract: A cargo bed extension assembly includes a tailgate structured to be movable between a raised configuration and a lowered configuration. The tailgate includes a cavity formed therein. An extension mechanism is positioned within in the cavity. The extension mechanism includes an extension member coupled to the tailgate so as to be movable between a stowed configuration and an extended configuration, and so as to enable rotation of the extension member from the extended configuration to a raised configuration. The mechanism also includes a cover portion coupled to the extension member so as to be movable between a stowed configuration and a deployed configuration in which the cover portion covers at least a portion of the bed.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device, a second heat sink and a third heat sink are electrically connected by a joint portion in an alignment direction in which a first switching element and a second switching element are aligned. A second power-supply terminal is disposed in the alignment direction in a region between a first power-supply terminal and an output terminal and between the second heat sink and the third heat sink. In an encapsulation resin body, at least one of a shortest distance between a first potential portion at same potential as the first power-supply terminal and a third potential portion at same potential as the output terminal and a shortest distance between a second potential portion at same potential as the second power-supply terminal and the third potential portion is shorter than a shortest distance between the first potential portion and the second potential portion.

Abstract: Provided is an electric vehicle, including: left and right rear wheels, which are suspended from a vehicle body by suspensions that elastically allow displacements in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle with respect to the vehicle body, the rear wheels being capable of being driven by corresponding motors independently of each other; and a control device configured to control driving forces of the rear wheels. Target driving forces Ti for the left and right rear wheels are calculated during traveling, a value ?G relevant to a difference between relative displacement amounts of the rear wheels in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle with respect to the vehicle body is calculated, and the target driving forces are corrected based on the value relevant to the difference between the relative displacement amounts so that a magnitude of the value relevant to the difference between the relative displacement amounts becomes smaller.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a negative electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: preparing a copper foil having a first main surface and a second main surface that are opposite sides of the copper foil; obtaining a granulated body by mixing a negative electrode active material, a thickener, a binder, and a solvent with each other to obtain a mixture and by granulating the mixture; obtaining a first negative electrode mixture layer by pressing the granulated body; arranging the first negative electrode mixture layer on the first main surface; and softening the copper foil by bringing the second main surface into contact with a heated roller in a state where the first negative electrode mixture layer is arranged on the first main surface. A temperature of the heated roller is a recrystallization temperature of the copper foil or higher.

Abstract: There is provided a boost converter. The boost converter comprises a reactor electrically connected with a power source; a semiconductor module configured to include a plate-like member and a terminal protruded from the plate-like member; a holder portion provided as a frame-like member, arranged to be adjacent to the reactor along either a longitudinal direction of a vehicle or a vehicle width direction, and configured to hold a plurality of the semiconductor modules inside of a frame of the holder portion such that the plurality of semiconductor modules are stacked and pressurized; and a first bus bar arranged to electrically connect the reactor with the terminal and provided with a current sensor that is configured to detect an electric current flowing from the reactor to the semiconductor modules.

Abstract: A control device for a compression-ignited internal combustion engine includes a nozzle that includes plural injection holes arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and that directly injects fuel to a combustion chamber, a piston that includes a cavity with an inner circumferential side surface to which a distance from the nozzle varies in the circumferential direction, a first injection hole for injecting fuel to a portion of the inner circumferential side surface to which the distance from the nozzle is the largest out of the plural injection holes, a second injection hole for injecting fuel to a portion of the inner circumferential side surface to which the distance from the nozzle is the smallest out of the plural injection holes, a detection unit that detects a heat release rate in the combustion chamber, and a control unit that determines which of the first and second injection holes is abnormal.

Abstract: An oil deterioration suppressing apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprises a first oil filter and a second oil filter, wherein the first oil filter comprises a first filter member for filtering oil from an oil pan in which oil is stored, and the second oil filter comprises a second filter member for filtering oil from the oil pan, and wherein the second filter member is made of a ceramic material and has a mean pore size smaller than the mean pore size of the first filter member.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for further reducing a loss in a semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate in which an IGBT region and a diode region are provided. This semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate in which at least one IGBT region and at least one diode region are provided. The IGBT region and the diode region are adjacent to each other in a predetermined direction in a plan view of the semiconductor substrate. In the plan view of the semiconductor substrate, a first boundary plane where the collector region and the cathode region are adjacent is shifted from a second boundary plane where the IGBT region and the diode region are adjacent on the front surface side of the semiconductor substrate either in a direction from the cathode region toward the collector region or in a direction from the collector region toward the cathode region.

Abstract: A gas channel forming member is located between a separator and a membrane electrode assembly. The gas channel forming member includes gas channels, which are arranged in parallel with each other on a surface that faces the membrane electrode assembly, water channels, which are formed on a surface that faces the separator, and inner communication passages. The water channels are each located between adjacent two of the gas channels. The inner communication passages communicate the gas channels and the water channels with each other. Each water channel is formed such that the flow cross-sectional area in an outlet section including an outlet opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of an upstream section, which is upstream of an adjacent to the outlet section in the flow direction of the oxidant gas.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes the following steps of: constructing a battery assembly using a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing a compound represented by a specific formula; and forming a film on a surface of the positive electrode by charging the battery assembly such that the compound is decomposed. In an embodiment, during the construction of the battery assembly, a content of the compound is adjusted to be 0.1 mass % or more with respect to 100 mass % of a total amount of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes: a first flow passage for an engine coolant; a second flow passage for an engine oil; a third flow passage for a transmission oil; and plural plates that partition the first, the second and the third flow passage. The first flow passage is configured to allow the engine coolant to be heat-exchanged with both the engine oil and the transmission oil via the plates. The second flow passage is arranged in the same layer with the third flow passage. The first flow passage is arranged in a different layer from the layer of the second and the third flow passage. The third flow passage is disposed on an upstream side and second flow passage is disposed on a downstream side in a flow direction of the engine coolant in the first flow passage.

Abstract: A driving assistance system includes a stop assistance controller, an assistance necessity determining unit, and a determining position arithmetic unit. The stop assistance controller is configured to perform stop assistance of an own vehicle. The assistance necessity determining unit is configured to determine whether it is necessary to perform the stop assistance of the own vehicle based on a stop determining position where it is determined whether to perform the stop assistance of the own vehicle and a predicted display state of a traffic signal at a time the own vehicle arrives at the stop determining position. The determining position arithmetic unit is configured to determine the stop determining position according to a current display state of the traffic signal.

Abstract: A high-frequency wave supplying structure includes a center conductor that extends in a specified direction, an outer conductor that is coaxial with the center conductor and grounded, and a cylindrical insulating member that is provided between the center conductor and the outer conductor. The distal end of the center conductor is a support portion that supports a workpiece W. A shield member is provided outward of the outer conductor to be coaxial with the outer conductor and the center conductor. The distal end of the shield member is located closer to the support portion in the specified direction than the distal end of the outer conductor. The insulating member includes a protruding portion that protrudes toward the support portion from an opening of the outer conductor. The protruding portion is opposed to the distal end of the outer conductor in the specified direction.