Abstract: Methods for treating disorders of the upper and lower airways, which disorders involve dehydration of the respiratory epithelium and hyperadhesion of mucus, using adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt or uridine 5'-triphosphate, alone or in combination with amiloride.

Abstract: A metabolically active biological component having mixed function oxidation activity. e.g., microsomal P-450 oxidase enzyme complex, is effective in the presence of NADPH and moisture when dispersed in a thin film of a generally neutral hydrophilic film-forming binder. e.g., gelatin, to convert a broad spectrum of carcinogenic substances, into metabolic intermediates, which can be detected, preferably by a colorimetric indicator present in the binder film or an adjacent binder film and undergoing a visible color change. The film or films can be carried, e.g., as spots by a suitable support. e.g., glass or plastic sheet forming a direct-acting self-contained badge-type indicator. The colorimetric indicator is preferably a chemically reduced dye precursor of a polyarylmethane dye or analog thereof, e.g., pararosaniline or malachite green.

Abstract: The present invention provides lyophilized reagent spheres comprising reagents suitable for analysis of biological samples, in particular analysis of blood samples in centrifugal analyzers. Also provided are diluents which are conveniently used in such analyzers.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel elsamicin A derivatives wherein the 2"-amino group is selectively modified by acylation or alkylation, a process for producing said elsamicin A derivatives, an antitumor composition containing the same as the active ingredient, and a method for therapy using said compositions.

Abstract: A chromogenic assay for determination of Protein S, using an indicator of Factor Xa as a measure of Protein S concentration. This technique utilizes the dependency of activated Protein C on Protein S in order to inactivate a known portion of Factor VIII. Residual Factor VIII is then activated and acts with Factor IXa to activate Factor X. The chromogenic substrate is then cleaved by Factor Xa and the rate of conversion of the indicator molecule is an indirect indicator of free Protein S.

Abstract: Thymidine kinase inhibitor of formula I ##STR1## in which R is C.sub.1-6 alkyl or AR(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, wherein Ar represents phenyl optionally substituted with one to five same or different halogen, C.sub.1-6 alkyl or C.sub.1-6 alkyloxy; and n equals one to six.A further aspect of the present invention provides a method of inhibiting viral thymidine kinase. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to treating herpes simplex viral infections in mammals. Yet another aspect of the invention provides a pharmaceutical formulation.

Abstract: Two enzymes, one an acetylmorphine carboxyesterase (AMCE), the other a morphine dehydrogenase (MDH), have been isolated from bacteria. The AMCE degrades heroin to morphine and the MDH oxidises morphine to morphinone, with the aid of a cofactor. These reactions are used in detection of heroin (using the two reactions coupled together) or morphine. The enzymes can be incorporated in sensors for this purpose.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel elsamicin A derivatives having an alkylidene group on the 3' and 4'-OH group or a tetrahydropyranyl group on the 4'-OH group, a process for producing said elsamicin A derivatives, antitumor composition containing the same as the active ingredient, and a method for therapy using said compositions.

Abstract: 5-(.alpha.-D-glucopyranosyloxymethyl)-furan-2-carboxaldehyde (GMF) is produced from isomaltulose by heating a solution of isomaltulose in a strongly polar aprotic solvent in the presence of an acidic ion-exchanger, either batchwise or by percolation of the solution through a column filled with the ion-exchanger. Novel derivatives of GMF of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R' is a hydrogen atom, an acyl group or an alkyl group and X represents --CH.sub.2 OH, --COOH, --C(H).dbd.NOH, --CN, --CH.sub.2 NHR" or --CH.dbd.CR"R'", where R" is a hydrogen atom, an acyl or aryl group or an alkyl group with up to 20 C atoms and R'" is a hydrogen atom, --NO.sub.2, --CN, --COOalkyl or acyl are described, and also their preparation and use for the preparation of surface-active compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine substituted in the 5-, 3'- or 5'-position by .alpha.-aminoacyl groups, to a process for their preparation and the drugs in which they are present.These derivatives have the following general formula: ##STR1## in which R is selected from an alkyl or alkenyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an aryl radical or a halogen, it being possible for said alkyl, alkenyl and aryl radicals to contain at least one halogen substituent, and a radical of the formula --NH--R.sub.1, in which R.sub.1 is an amino acid residue or a peptide residue containing from 2 to 6 amino acids; andR' and R" are selected from a hydroxyl radical and a radical of the formula --NH--R.sub.1, in which R.sub.1 is as defined above,with the proviso that R' and R" are not simultaneously --NH--R.sub.1 and that, when R is --NH--R.sub.1, R' and R" are simultaneously a hydroxyl group.Application: treatment of cancers and viral infections.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a group --CH.sub.2 --X where X is hydrogen, halogen, --CN, --N.sub.3, --OC(O)R.sub.5, --S(O).sub.n R.sub.5, --SH, --OC(O)NHR.sub.5, --NHCONHR.sub.5 or --NR.sub.6 R.sub.7, where R.sub.5 is hydrogen optionally substituted C.sub.1-8 alkyl, or aryl, heteroaryl, aryl C.sub.1-4 alkyl or heteroaryl C.sub.1-4 alkyl in each of which the aromatic moiety is optionally substituted with the proviso that when X is --S(O).sub.n R.sub.5, R.sub.5 does not represent hydrogen, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen or C.sub.116 alkyl, or one of R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 is hydrogen and the other is --formyl, C.sub.2-8 alkanoyl, dialkoxyphosphoryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, aryl C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl, heteroaryl C.sub.1-4 alkanoyl, C.sub.1-8 alkylsulphonyl, arylsulphonyl, heteroarylsulphonyl, aryl C.sub.1-4 alkylsulphonyl or heteroaryl C.sub.1-4 alkylsulphonyl, where any aromatic moiety in R.sub.6 or R.sub.

Abstract: A method is provided for the screening of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (Alzheimer's disease) by testing for an anomalous molecular form of acetylcholinesterase in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient.

Abstract: A composition based on aminoacids and free from hydroxy-proline or hydroxy-lysine useful for preventing and treating precursors deficiencies in the synthesis of collagen comprising proline, glycine, lysine, vitamin C, and one or more compounds selected in the group consisting of .alpha.-ketoglutaric acid, methionine, cysteine, cystine, valine as well as pharmaceutically acceptable diluents and excipients is described.

Abstract: An anti-smoking remedy with biochemical effect. The remedy consists of non-toxic plant components including Radix bupleuri, Radix peucedani and Rhizoma cimicifugae. Additional components to the preparation can include Rhizome phragmiles, or a mixture of Pinellia ternata and either Liguiritiae or Robinia pseudo acacia.

Abstract: 6,6'-dihalo-6,6'-dideoxy-1',2,3,3',4,4'-hexa-O-methylsucrose compounds are disclosed as useful intermediates for the synthesis of water-absorbent polyethers. These compounds may also be used as intermediates in the preparation of other difunctional monomers and metal complexing agents from sucrose.

Abstract: Storage stable pesticide compositions comprising neem seed extracts which contain azadirachtin as the active pesticidal ingredient wherein the compositions are characterized by their non-degrading solvent systems. In a first embodiment, the pesticide compositions contain solvent systems characterized as having greater than 50% by volume aprotic solvents and less than 15% by volume water. In a second embodiment, the pesticide compositions contain solvent systems characterized as having greater than 50% by volume alcohol and less than 5% by volume water. The pesticide compositions contain surfactant concentrations of at least about 1.0%, up to 10%.

Abstract: A 6,6'-diamino-6,6'-dideoxy-1',2,3,3',4,4'-hexa-O-methylsucrose compound is disclosed which is useful as an intermediate compound to make water-absorbent polyamides, polyurethanes and polyamines.