Abstract: A high frequency oscillation type proximity switch prevents mutual interference when it is mounted adjacent to other proximity switches. The switch includes a comparator having a threshold value at a level higher than an object detection level of the oscillation output of the proximity switch. When an output is continuously obtained from the comparator, a beat is generated and the generation of mutual interference is detected. Then, the generation is externally displayed, and mutual interference is alarmed and prevented by changing the oscillation frequency.

Abstract: Three electrodes are disposed at lateral sides of a plasma generating chamber of an etching apparatus serving as a plasma generating apparatus. A sample stage is disposed at a lower part of the plasma generating chamber, and an opposite electrode is disposed at an upper part thereof. High frequency electric power having a first frequency is supplied to the sample stage and the opposite electrode. Respectively supplied to the three electrodes 4, 5, 6 are high frequency electric powers which are oscillated by a three-phase magnetron, which have a second frequency different from the first frequency and of which respective phases are successively different by about 120.degree. from one another, thus forming a rotational electric field in the plasma generating chamber.

Abstract: A control system for a plurality of vehicle safety devices has a feeder circuit and a check current supplying circuit. A plurality of actuating elements are arranged in the feeder circuit in parallel relation, and at the same time, they are arranged in the check current supplying circuit in serial relation. When a switching element is turned ON in accordance with a trigger signal coming from a collision judging circuit, an electric current flowing through the feeder circuit is caused to flow through the actuating elements in parallel. The check current flows to the actuating elements in series. The voltage generated between opposite ends of the serial circuit of the actuating elements in the check current supplying circuit is compared with a predetermined allowable range of voltage in a malfunction judging current, and when the voltage between the opposite ends is outside the predetermined allowable range of voltage, a malfunction detecting signal is outputted from the malfunction judging circuit.

Abstract: A device for triggering a passive safety system in a vehicle upon detection of an impact. At least two acceleration sensors, the sensitivity axes of which are aligned for detecting an angle of a frontal impact, are each assigned to a signal channel which, in series with the respective impact sensor, comprises an evaluation circuit, particularly an integrator circuit for its output signals, and a threshold value circuit. During the formation of the speed integral, the physical signal course and the course of the signal edges is evaluated by several logic units in a logical unit (LOG) in order to obtain factors which influence the integration constant of integrators (by multiplication and reduction) to enlarge the area that can be evaluated.

Abstract: A portable, self-contained and compact load bank of wire wound resistors utilizes wire wound resistors which are air cooled by a fan mounted in a venturi wherein the load resistors may dissipate power at up to six times their power rating. Current flow through the resistors is controlled by a transistor bank and portions of the resistors may be shorted out through taps connected to SCR's, with both the SCR's and the transistors being controlled by a microprocessor. The load bank is fully automatic, and because of highly effective air cooling, minimization of air flow resistance and use of edge wound resistors, the load bank is highly portable due both to its compact size enabling travel through normal passageways and its reduced weight. Both the microcontroller circuitry and the resistive load dissipation circuitry are contained within the same unit and are electrically isolated from each other by optical isolators.

Abstract: In a preferred embodiment, a power module for use in an electrical system of the type having a multiplexer which provides an output signal in response to an input signal, the output signal commanding that electrical power be furnished to a device, the power module including: a housing; a first end of the housing being adapted to be inserted into an electrical outlet; a second end of the housing being adapted for electrical connection to the device, such that, when the power module is turned on, electrical power will be furnished to the device and, when the power module is turned off, electrical power will be removed from the device; and connection means to connect the power module with the multiplexer to receive the output signal from the multiplexer so that the output signal will turn the power module on and/or off. In another aspect of the invention, a power switch similar to the power module is provided. In a further aspect of the invention, a telephone modular connector is provided.

Abstract: An RF voltage/current sensor apparatus comprising a plurality of transmission lines coupled through resistive means to voltage sense circuitry. The voltage sense circuitry utilizes transistor technology thereby reducing the use of switching relays, transformers and diodes thereby providing an apparatus operational over a frequency range from approximately two megahertz to two gigahertz.

Abstract: A power supply voltage change-over apparatus for a vehicle has a parallel/series connection change-over relay 4 which connects two batteries 1a, 1b in parallel when an ordinary load is used or the batteries are charged, and which connects the batteries in series when a large power electric load is actuated opening and closing state of each contact 5a, 5b or 5c of the relay 4 is detected by a terminal voltage Ea or Eb of a switch 7 for actuating the large power electric load, and the detected voltage is inputted to a controller 8. The controller distinguishes the failure of a normally open contact 5a, 5b or 5c, and prohibits further operations of the apparatus, whereby short-circuiting of the batteries can be prevented.

Abstract: An improved charge pump circuit includes a charge pump capacitor having first and second terminals for charging in first and second polarities; a current source device for supplying current selectively to the charge pump capacitor through the first and second terminals; a clamping device for defining first and second clamping voltages for the first and second terminals, respectively; a switching device for selectively connecting the current source device to one of the terminals and connecting the clamping device to the other of the terminals; and a clamp control device, responsive to the differential mode voltage across the charge pump capacitor, for setting the clamping voltages to obtain a difference between the clamping voltages equal to said differential mode voltage and pumping equal charge into the charge pump capacitor in either polarity.

Abstract: A high voltage pulse generator for providing a high voltage pulse across a dielectric switch comprises a main high voltage pulse generator, an energy storing pulse forming line connected at one end to the main pulse generator and connected at the other end to an electrode of the dielectric switch, a high voltage trigger pulse generator and a ferrite loaded shock line. The ferrite loaded shock line, preferably located within the pulse forming line (or within a line on the output side of the switch), is connected at one end to the trigger pulse generator via a coaxial inner conductor and connected at the other end to a trigger electrode located within the dielectric switch. The pulse forming line enables a high voltage pulse to build up on the electrode of the dielectric switch, the trigger pulse having its edges sharpened by the shock line and triggering a discharge across a dielectric to an output line. This produces an extremely fast, high voltage pulse, e.g., for radar transmitter.

Abstract: In a multicircuit control apparatus (10) including a mechanical main contact (125) and plural semiconductor switching devices such as triacs (13a, --, 13d) each connected in series to the main contact, the main contact is closed by a control circuit 15 prior turning-on of any of the semiconductor switching devices and is also opened by the control circuit 15 after completion of turning-off of all the semiconductor devices.

Abstract: A solid state relay having circuitry incorporated therein which senses line conditions and load conditions and activates an alarm when a fault is detected.

Abstract: A dynamic and low-loss circuit for driving a voltage-controlled semiconductor switch includes a transformer having primary and secondary windings. The primary winding is connected to a voltage for driving a voltage-controlled semiconductor switch and the secondary winding has a center tap connected to the emitter or source of the semiconductor switch and secondary winding halves with outer terminals. A bridge rectifier is connected to the secondary winding and has positive and negative direct-voltage terminals. A gate resistor is connected between the gate of the voltage-controlled semiconductor switch and the positive direct-voltage terminal. A series circuit of a first resistor and an auxiliary switch is connected between the direct-voltage terminals. A capacitor is connected between the center tap and the negative direct-voltage terminal. Two diodes have cathodes connected to the outer terminals.

Abstract: A high voltage/high current electric pulse generator. Spark gap switches (E1, E2, E3) having a trigger electrode are connected to a trigger control circuit (CD). Switch (E1) is connected between the outer conductor of cable (C2) and an inner conductor of cable (C1). Switch (E2) is connected between the outer conductor of cable (C3) and the inner conductor of cable (C2). Switch (E3) is connected between output terminal (S) and the internal conductor of coaxial cable (C3). The outer conductor of cable (C1) is connected to ground and voltage source (SHT) is connected to internal conductors of the cables. The source charges cables (C1, C2, C3) in parallel when switches (E1, E2, E3) are off. A first ballast resistor (r) is connected between the first electrode and the trigger electrode. Load resistor (R6) is connected between the output terminal(S) and the external conductor of cable (C3). Resistor (R5) is connected between the outer conductor of cable (C 3) and the outer conductor of cable (C2).

Abstract: A voltage tripler which uses a charge pump with a single charge transfer capacitor to produce the required voltage is disclosed. The voltage tripler in conjunction with an inverter is useful for producing voltages with negative polarities. The voltage tripler when used in conjunction with a variable frequency oscillator circuit is useful in optimizing the power consumption by the charge pump of the voltage tripler when the tripler is not operating under load conditions. The tripler is useful in supplying power to a combination RS232 and RS422 or RS232 and RS485 interface, as well as other monolithic interface products.

Abstract: A system is provided wherein an IC memory card (10) is inserted into a slot (12) of an electronic device (14), which discharges any static electric charge on the card prior to mating of card and device contacts (32, 34). The card has a frame with opposite sides that have metal clips, and the electronic device has grounding terminals (74, 76) that engage the clips, as the card is inserted.

Abstract: A device for providing remote control current signals to wave energy transmitters in a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has a power source, a manually operated electrical switch, and at least one wave energy transmitter. The device comprises an electrical network including a first timing R--C circuit, a second timing R--C circuit, a counter, and a transmission actuator that has a plurality of transmission output lines. The first timing R--C circuit provides a first timing period triggered by a first actuation of the electrical switch in the vehicle. The counter counts the number of times the electrical switch is actuated during the timing period. The transmission actuator provides an output current to one of the output lines for a duration controlled by the second timing R--C circuit. Selection of the output line for receiving the output current is determined by the accumulated count during the first timing period.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with service panels associated with the dash of an automotive vehicle, in which the service panel is connected to at least one switch and includes an interconnecting grid or network. The switch cooperates directly with the grid or network of the service panel, which is fashioned accordingly.

Abstract: The method of power transmission and distribution aims to mitigate the magnetic fields generated at a right of way and at distances which extend beyond the right of way. The transmission and distribution lines use various line parameters including the relative locations of the conductors around the axis of symmetry of the right of way, the current magnitudes and the phase angles of the currents flowing in the conductors in optimum asymmetric fashion. The use of magnetic field mitigation bodies placed adjacent to the current bearing conductors increases the scope and the effectiveness of the mitigation. A mitigation technique is also provided for mitigating the magnetic field generated by current bearing sources used in power distribution, with unknown or difficult to characterize current distributions, such as transformers.

Abstract: If a rectifier having Walk-in characteristics is directly connected to a dc-dc converter, an output current of the rectifier violently fluctuates because of the Walk-in characteristics of the rectifier. The Walk-in characteristics have been improved by connecting an apparatus in parallel with the rectifier. The apparatus includes a storage battery and a switch. During the Walk-in period, the switch is closed and the storage battery supplements the capacity of the rectifier. After that, the switch is opened and the storage battery is charged by a current flowing through a diode and a resistor.