Abstract: Novel surfactants and drying, drycleaning and soil repellency compositions containing such surfactants which utilize such surfactants. The surfactants are fluorine containing quaternary ammonium salts, and the drying, drycleaning and soil repellency compositions contain at least one halocarbon component and at least one of the fluorine containing surfactants. These compositions have the ability to remove water or aqueous films from the surfaces of a broad range of substrates and impart soil repellency to fabrics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for bleaching a lock or portion of lock of hair, at least partially, by irradiation of the lock using a laser beam in the form of pulses, and a device for implementation of same.

Abstract: A process of bleaching fabrics is disclosed where a liquid or pasty composition comprising acetyl triethyl citrate and a source of hydrogen peroxide is applied to fabrics before they are immersed in an aqueous wash liquor.

Abstract: A method of dry cleaning fabrics using a dry cleaning system is described. The system comprises densified carbon dioxide, preferably in a liquid phase, and a selected surfactant which is soluble in the densified CO.sub.2. The surfactant has a polysiloxane, a branched polyalkylene oxide or a halocarbon group which is a functional CO.sub.2 -philic moiety connected to a CO.sub.2 -phobic functional moiety. The surfactant either exhibits an HLB of less than 15 or has a ratio of siloxyl to substituted siloxyl groups of greater than 0.5:1.

Abstract: A process for bleaching at least one lock or portion of a lock of hair, at least partially, by irradiation is provided.

Abstract: A method of dry cleaning fabrics using a dry cleaning system is described. The system comprises densified carbon dioxide and a surfactant in the densified CO.sub.2. The surfactant has a polysiloxane, a branched polyalkylene oxide and a halocarbon group which is a functional CO.sub.2 -philic moiety connected to a CO.sub.2 -phobic functional moiety. The surfactant either exhibits an HLB of less than 15 or has a ratio of siloxyl to substituted siloxyl groups of greater than 0.5:1.

Abstract: Naturally-derived bioprosthetic materials are treated with epoxide crosslinking agents. In some embodiments, the tissue is crosslinked with low molecular weight epoxides in aqueous solutions at high pH levels. In other embodiments, the tissue is crosslinked at physiologic pH levels with epoxide crosslinking agents catalyzed with tertiary or quaternary amines, such as Tris or imidazole. In an advantageous embodiment, bioprosthetic tissue is crosslinked and derivatized with an anticalcification agent, such as a polyphosphonate anticalcification agent, using a polyphosphonate:polyepoxide monoadduct.

Abstract: A terry cloth article having a frosted appearance includes a plurality of naps the tips of which are bleached, and is produced by a process including the steps of impregnating granules of an absorbent material with a solution including a bleaching agent, and contacting a dyed terry cloth with the granules for a time sufficient to bleach at least a portion of the dye from the naps of the terry cloth. After residual bleaching agent remaining on the terry cloth is neutralized, the terry cloth is subsequently contacted with a solution including an effective amount of an anti-peeling agent for a time sufficient to substantially eliminate peeling. Optionally the terry cloth can subsequently be overdyed with a second dye of a different color than the color of the terry cloth.

Abstract: Modified wool having improved shrink-proofing property is obtained by a two step process in which raw material wool is first immersed in a first aqueous bath containing a water-soluble organic phosphine and is then immersed in a second aqueous bath containing a modifying agent selected from epoxy compounds, ethyleneimine compounds, urea, substituted urea compounds, thiourea, substituted thiourea compounds, alkylene carbonates, unsaturated carboxylic acids, derivatives of unsaturated carboxylic acids, unsaturated nitriles, unsaturated alcohols, esters of an unsaturated alcohol, sulfonic acid salts having a vinyl group, cyanic acid salts, nonionic surfactants of a poly(alkylene oxide) type, salts of sulfates of the nonionic surfactants and silane coupling agents having a vinyl group. The treatment may also be performed by a one step process in which wool is immersed in an aqueous bath containing the above phosphine compound and a modifying agent selected from the above.

Abstract: The preparation of water-insoluble, bactericidal, peroxide-containing products, by reaction of magnesium acetate with hydrogen peroxide, and products obtained are disclosed. Processes for application and deposition of these reaction products on natural, synthetic and blend fibrous substrates are also disclosed. The modified fibrous substrates thus produced inhibit the growth and spread of odor- and disease-causing gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and the antibacterial activity of the modified fibrous substrates is durable to repeated launderings.

Abstract: In a washing method, a web of textile goods is wetted with a washing-active liquid and the liquid is caused to foam by steam which is blown at high pressure into a back side of the web of goods with a pile on the front side. The steam is discharged from a nozzle slot that extends transversely across the web of goods. The nozzle directs the steam against the web and through it. The foam which then suddenly forms is then drawn off by a vacuum or suction together with the liquid still in the pile from the pile side of the web.

Abstract: Novel bleaches, a method for bleaching substrates using these materials and detergent compositions containing same are reported. The bleaches are phosphinoyl imines. Substrates such as fabrics may be bleached in an aqueous solution containing the phosphinoyl imines and a peroxygen compound.

Abstract: The structurally stable gelled electrolyte of the present invention includes a base electrolyte, a three-dimensional polymer precursor that is radiation curable and an electrically non-conducting solvent gelling agent. The base electrolytes of this invention are comprised of an aprotic liquid and a dissolved ionizable alkaline metal salt. The preferred radiation curable polymer pre-cursors of this invention include trimethylol propane ethoxy triacrylate (TMPEOTA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA). The solvent gelling agent should be a solid powder or polymer with high surface area to adsorb the liquid electrolyte. Solid powders that can be used in the gelling agent include inorganic oxygen compounds such as silica (SiO.sub.2), titania (TiO.sub.2), alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), magnesium oxide (MgO), barium oxide (B.sub.2 O.sub.3) and the like. Other compounds that can be used in the gelling agent include super absorbent polymers, clays, zeolite and such.

Abstract: A magnetorheological material containing a carrier fluid, a particle component and a thixotropic additive to provide stability against particle settling. The thixotropic additive can be a hydrogen-bonding thixotropic agent, a polymer-modified metal oxide, or a mixture thereof. The utilization of a thixotropic additive creates a thixotropic network which is unusually effective at minimizing particle settling in a magnetorheological material.

Abstract: A cold water washing method for reducing the soil load on a textile by introducing the textile and cold water into an internal assembly within a washing machine. The method includes a first break wash wherein the textile, water, and a solvent are introduced into the washing machine to initiate soil removal. In a second break wash, a surfactant and an alkali are added to the first break wash to continue the washing cycle. The combined first and second break washes are drained from the internal assembly and the textile is rinsed with water. After draining the first rinse from the internal assembly, a second rinse including ozonated water and an acid is introduced into the internal assembly. The second rinse is drained from the internal assembly and a third rinse, which includes ozonated water, is introduced into the internal assembly to rinse the textile.

Abstract: The invention is to obtain a polymer solid electrolyte composition which is free from electronic conduction and which has a high ionic conductivity even at temperatures near to room temperature and has good film-forming properties, mechanical strength and flexibility. The composition comprises an organic polymer having an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt structure, a nitrogen-containing, heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt and a metal salt. The organic polymer preferably has an alkyl quaternary ammonium salt structure at the end of the side chain of the polymer or in the main chain thereof, such as polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride quaternary salt, polydimethylaminopropylmethacrylamido methyl chloride quaternary salt, poly(N,N-dimethyl-3-pyrrolinium chloride), etc. The nitrogen-containing, heterocyclic quaternary ammonium salt (e.g., alkylpyridinium halides) and the metal salt (e.g., aluminium halides) form a cold-melting salt.

Abstract: A battery having a solid ion conductive polymer electrolyte comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a solid ion conductive polymer electrolyte layer formed by curing a composition for a solid polymer electrolyte comprising hydroxyalkyl polysaccharide and/or hydroxyalkyl polysaccharide derivative, an ester compound containing a polyoxyalkylene component, and an ion conductive metallic salt. The battery may be a rechargeable battery.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of applying finishes to garments. More particularly, this invention relates to improved methods for applying specialty finishing on the garments using a cellulose-type based carrier and to a carrier/finish composition for practicing the method which achieves a smooth and even coating of the finishing onto fabric without having to recover unused finishing and which can be accomplished using standard garment production equipment.

Abstract: A process for producing uncoated woven fabrics from synthetic yarn for an airbag comprises the steps of: (a) producing a woven fabric from high tenacity polyester filament yarn having a filament linear density of not more than 5 dtex, a yarn linear density within the range from 250 to 550 dtex, a hot air shrinkage at 200.degree. C. of less than 9% and a boil off shrinkage of less than 2%, (b) washing the fabric at temperatures of less than 60.degree. C., and (c) drying the washed fabric at temperatures of less than 170.degree. C. under conditions so that the dimensions of the fabric, based on its dimensions prior to washing, do not change at all or by less than 2% in warp and weft directions. The uncoated fabric obtained by this process is particularly suitable for making airbags and is notable for good drapability.

Abstract: A method of imparting low fogging characteristics to tanned leather, which includes the step of treating the leather in an aqueous emulsion including an effective quantity of an oil having less than 3 percent of fatty acid components of less than C-16, the oil having been first distilled to remove low molecular weight trace elements. The oil may be by way of example soybean oil, lard oil, safflower oil, or sunflower oil.