Abstract: A surfactant composition for use in scouring and bleaching textile materials containing:(a) from about 94.0 to about 6.0% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside having the general formula IRO (Z).sub.a (I)wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 to 6 carbon atoms; and a is a number having a value from about 1 to about 6,(b) from about 6.0 to about 94.0% by weight of a synthetic alkoxylated C.sub.11 -C.sub.15 linear alcohol, or(c) from about 6.0 to about 94.0% by weight of a chlorine-capped ethoxylated isodecyl alcohol, and(d) the remainder water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition.

Abstract: A hammering body having a plurality of protrusions on its external surface useful for randomly fading fabric and a method for randomly fading fabric are provided. The method comprising the steps of providing an at least partially wet fabric to be faded, at least one hammering body having an external surface with a plurality of protrusions, and a powder comprising a bleaching agent to a tumbling chamber, tumbling the fabric, the hammering body and the powder in the chamber such that the protrusions of the hammering body repeatedly strike the fabric, thereby driving the powder into the fabric until a desired fading effect is achieved, and separating the faded fabric from the hammering body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the pretreatment of a fabric containing cotton, in which the fabric is treated in at least one pretreatment bath for a predetermined period of time at an increased temperature and subsequently washed or neutralised. The treatment of the fabric in the pretreatment bath is performed at a temperature of more than 102.degree. C., particularly at a temperature between 120.degree. C. and 140.degree. C.

Abstract: Novel perfluoropolyether derivatives are described which are obtained from perfluoropolyethers having a carboxyl group at one or both ends and monoamines or diamines. The derivative is useful as a lubricant owing to its significantly improved lubricity. The lubricity is shown under severe high or low temperature and humidity conditions over a long term. The derivative is especially useful as a lubricant for magnetic recording mediums of the coating and metal thin film types.

Abstract: In treating a cellulose fiber article with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid to improve properties, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid containing up to 200 ppm of nitro radical is used, whereby the cellulose fiber article can be prevented from coloring to the utmost extent. The intended results of the invention can be achieved to a remarkable extent when using 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid containing up to 200 ppm of nitro radical and prepared by oxidizing tetrahydrophthalc acid and/or tetrahydrophthalic anhydride with hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: In the method for casein finishing of leather, transglutaminase is added to a casein solution, whereafter the thus formed solution is applied to leather, which is dried. Transglutaminase, which is not toxic, functions as a hardening agent in the method.

Abstract: Lightweight composite polymeric electrolytes which contain a lightweight inorganic filler, such as oxides of lithium, magnesium and sodium and which is formed by complexing an alkaline metal triflate salt, polyethylene oxide and fillers, with at least one ester, and an ether, or plurality of ethers or esters of different boiling points as co-solvents to form an electrolyte.

Abstract: A composition comprising: (1) a susceptor of magnetically coupled radio frequency energy comprising a non-magnetic particulate substrate, e.g., an electrically insulative material in particulate form, bearing a thin magnetic coating, e.g., a magnetic inorganic film, and (2) a matrix that is substantially non-reflective of radio frequency energy, e.g., silicone rubber, which matrix can be heated upon the composition's being subjected to magnetically coupled radio frequency energy. It has been discovered that thin magnetic coatings on non-magnetic particles provide energy transfer with induction heaters equal to or better than many commonly used solid susceptor particles. It has also been discovered that the temperature of the composition of this invention can be regulated so as not to exceed a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A rapid, low temperature bleaching process for cellulosic materials such as cotton and cotton blends. The bleaching liquor includes a mixture of hydrogen peroxide, potassium hydroxide and a stabilizer combined with controlled time and temperature to produce a rapid bleach in between about 12 and 16 minutes. The resulting textile goods are soft, absorbent, mote-free with a Hunter Scale Whiteness Value of about 100 and less than about 0.75% extractable solids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for scouring and bleaching textile materials comprising adding to an aqueous peroxide bleaching bath an effective amount of a scouring and bleaching surfactant composition comprising:(a) from about 94.0 to about 6.0% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside having the general formula IRO(Z).sub.a (I)wherein R is a monovalent organic radical having from about 8 to about 16 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; and a is a number having a value from about 1 to about 6,(b) from about 6.0 to about 94.0% by weight of a synthetic alkoxylated C.sub.11 -C.sub.15 linear alcohol, and(c) the remainder water, all weights being based on the weight of the textile materials, and then contacting the textile materials with the bath.

Abstract: A process for fatliquoring, filling and hydrophobicizing leathers and furs, comprises using ene adducts of maleic anhydride with unsaturated fatty acids of from 12 to 24 carbon atoms or their C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.2 - to C.sub.20 -alkenylesters, triglycerides, amides, mono- or di(C.sub.2 - to C.sub.4 -alkanol)amides, mono- or dipolyetheramides or polyetheresters, or ene adducts partially or completely derivatized by reaction with amines or alcohols to form amides or esters, respectively.

Abstract: A stable ion-conductive polymer electrolyte having a sufficiently high ionic conductivity, which will not be decreased during a long-term storing at a high temperature, and being free from any physical change such as crack, contraction and dissolution, is disclosed. It comprises: at least one polyol selected from the group consisting of an adduct composed of sorbitol and polyethylene oxide and an adduct composed of tetramethylol methane and polyethylene oxide, at least one ammonium salt or morpholinium salt, and at least one organic solvent.

Abstract: A magnetorheological fluid composition comprising magnetosolid particles, magnetosoft particles, a stabilizer, and a carrying fluid comprising an aromatic alcohol, a vinyl ester, and an organic solvent or diluent carrier such as kerosene, in proportions sufficient to provide substantially no agglomeration or sedimentation of magnetic particles over temperatures of from about -50.degree. to 120.degree. C. The composition can be made by preparing a carrying fluid comprising a vinyl ester, an aromatic alcohol and kerosene; preparing a first carrying fluid composition comprising magnetosoft particles, a stabilizer and a first sample of the carrying fluid; preparing a second carrying fluid composition comprising magnetosolid particles and a second sample of the carrying fluid; and admixing the first carrying fluid composition and the second carrying fluid composition.

Abstract: A sliding-bearing material having enhanced seizure resistance and fatigue resistance. The sliding-bearing material comprises an aluminum bearing alloy whose surface has been treated and a coating layer formed on the aluminum bearing alloy and consisting of from 90 to 55% by weight of a sold lubricant and from 10 to 45% by weight of a polyimide binder. Treatment of the aluminum bearing alloy can be by roughening with alkali etching and pickling, by covering with a chemical conversion film, and/or by drilling.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the shrinkage of prepared bonded fiber color printed cellulosic type currency where in the process the prepared bonded fiber color printed cellulosic type currency is substantially free (known as oven dry and/or bone dry) before starting the procedure, then is immersed in anhydrous ammonia solution at low temperature, withdrawn and dried by different techniques. The process of immersing and drying is repeated 1 to 8 times. The apparatus to accomplish this provides for a closed loop and/or stainless steel rack and/or stainless steel tong with a thermally controlled vessel. All apparatus to be immersed and all apparatus to be used to contain the anhydrous ammonia solution should be made from a non-corrosive material (i.e. stainless steel and/or glass) to anhydrous ammonia. The color printing to the shrunken prepared bonded fiber color printed cellulosic type currency is not removed.

Abstract: The invention is a process for degreasing animal skins in which the animal skin to be degreased is contacted with a mixture of a predominantly saturated C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 fatty alcohol ethoxylate having an average of not more than 15 EO groups and a predominantly saturated C.sub.6-10 fatty alcohol ethoxylate having an average of not more than 3 EO groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to highly processable, hydrophobic aramid fibers of high modulus, improved surface frictional properties, scourability, low abrasion depositing, low fibrillation obtainable by surface reaction of an aromatic polyamide fiber with a surface reactant comprising a ketene dimer[R.sup.1 R.sup.2 C.sub.2 O][R.sup.1 R.sup.2 C.sub.2 O] (I).The invention further relates to a process for the production and the use of said fibers.

Abstract: Storage-stable formulations of whitening mixtures comprising at least two anionic fluorescent whiteners, which preferably contain at least one sulfonic acid radical; an anionic polysaccharide; dispersants and water, and if appropriate auxiliaries. These formulations are particularly suitable for the preparation of liquid washing agents.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of products constituted by hides and skins with a view towards their transformation into leather, and for the treatment of leather which involves contacting the product with a dense, pressurized fluid, such as CO.sub.2, in the supercritical state or pressurized liquid, which optionally contains one or more active substances and a specified pressure Pi and temperature Ti, in order to provide degreasing of the skins if pure dense fluid is used, or to impregnate the products with active substances such as tanning, stiffening, dyeing or waterproofing agents. The products are subsesquently brought to atmospheric pressure to eliminate the dense fluid therefrom.

Abstract: An electrolyte for aluminum electrolytic capacitors comprises 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, ethylene glycol, and an ammonium salt of a straight chain dicarboxylic acid or a branched chain di- or polycarboxylic acid. Electrolytic capacitors including this composition are useful for high voltage at relatively low temperatures.