Patents Examined by Alan Holler
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Patent number: 3970534Abstract: A graft copolymer comprising a hydrocarbon polymer main chain and a side chain composed mainly of a styrene compound of the following formula (I) ##SPC1##wherein R is a hydrogen atom or an R'CO group, in which R' is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a polyene compound grafted to the hydrocarbon polymer main chain and a process for preparing the graft copolymer comprising graft-copolymerizing the above copolymer components with the hydrocarbon polymer by ionizing radiation. The graft copolymer is especially suitable as an ion-exchange membrane or a basic polymer matrix for an ion-exchange membrane.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1975Date of Patent: July 20, 1976Assignee: Maruzen Oil Co. Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Fujiwara, Koichi Asano, Akio Sugishita, Asao Takahashi
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Patent number: 3970610Abstract: The present invention relates to a vessel and a process for polymerizing vinyl chloride in suspension. The vessel the inner surfaces of which consist of stainless steel or are plated with a noble metal comprises at least one cathode in contact with the reaction medium and insoluble therein and as anode the metallic inner surface of the vessel, the cathode and anode being connected over an external source of current. The polymerization is carried out with electrolytic generation of hydrogen and oxygen from the polymerization medium. The polymerization vessel and process according to the invention suppress completely or substantially the formation of wall deposits.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1974Date of Patent: July 20, 1976Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Kasimir Ruchlak, Ernst-August Albers, Walter Fester
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Patent number: 3970611Abstract: A melt finish process is disclosed herein for working up solid, particulate polymer from a vapor state polymerization reactor, which reactor employs high yield catalysts, whereby the polymer is moved out of the reactor and into a post polymerization zone characterized by essentially adiabatic polymerization and the heat of such polymerization is used in raising the temperature of and melting said solid, particulate polymer to form molten polymer for further processing.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1974Date of Patent: July 20, 1976Assignee: Standard Oil CompanyInventors: James L. Jezl, Edwin F. Peters
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Patent number: 3970719Abstract: Block copolymers and the processes of preparing them are disclosed wherein alpha-olefins and/or mixtures of alpha-olefins are alternately polymerized in the presence of a catalyst comprising a titanium halide and an aluminum alkyl compound.Type: GrantFiled: January 16, 1958Date of Patent: July 20, 1976Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: James T. Edmonds, Jr.
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Patent number: 3970612Abstract: Vinyl halide homopolymers, copolymers and graft polymers of substantially lower molecular weight are obtained when polymerization is carried out in the presence of an organotin mercaptide ester and an organic azo initiator. The products are faster fusing and have lower melt viscosities than corresponding polymers of the same molecular weight prepared by high temperature molecular weight reduction methods. The low molecular weight and excellent fusion characteristics of the products render these polymers particularly useful in molding, extrusion, and coating applications.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1974Date of Patent: July 20, 1976Assignee: Hooker Chemicals & Plastics CorporationInventor: Gilbert Witschard
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Patent number: 3969333Abstract: Copolymers of 4-methylpentene-1 are prepared by copolymerization of 4-methylpentene-1 with one or more other C.sub.2-18 .alpha.-alkenes at a temperature above room temperature and in the presence of hydrogen using a Ziegler/Natta catalyst system. The polymerization is carried out at a relatively very high temperature and in the presence of an inert gas with the proviso that the partial pressures of the inert gas and of the hydrogen and the sum of the partial pressures of the inert gas, hydrogen and 4-methylpentene-1 have specific values. In this way, copolymers having large crystalline fractions are obtained in a high yield per unit of catalyst system per unit time.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1975Date of Patent: July 13, 1976Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Johann Nickl, Hans Schick, Heinz Mueller-Tamm
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Patent number: 3969335Abstract: Homopolymers of 4-methylpentene-1 are prepared by homopolymerization of 4-methylpentene-1 at a temperature above room temperature, in the presence of hydrogen and in contact with a Ziegler/Natta catalyst system. The polymerization is carried out at a relatively very high temperature and in the presence of an inert gas, the polymerization system being under a specific total pressure, while the partial pressures of the inert gas and the hydrogen have specific values. In this way, homopolymers having large crystalline fractions are obtained in high yields per unit of catalyst system per unit time.Type: GrantFiled: February 6, 1975Date of Patent: July 13, 1976Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Johann Nickl, Hans Schick, Heinz Mueller-Tamm
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Patent number: 3968059Abstract: A process of producing methyl methacrylate polymers is provided wherein the monomer are polymerized by a bulk polymerization procedure at 150.degree. to 180.degree.C with a conversion of 50 to 80% and the volatiles predominantly comprised of the unreacted monomer, separated from the polymer product, are cyclically reused as a part of the monomer feed for polymerization. In such a monomer feed cycle system, oligomers are substantially removed from the volatiles and then the volatiles are blended with a virgin monomer feed for polymerization, the content in the volatiles of impurities having boiling points of lower than 200.degree.C at normal pressure is maintained within the range of 5 to 20% by weight.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1975Date of Patent: July 6, 1976Assignee: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kazushi Shimada, Toru Maeda, Tamotu Nishizawa, Yositaka Sasaki, Takehiko Narisada, Hisao Anzai
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Patent number: 3966844Abstract: A polymeric material having high impact resistance and improved resistance to ageing is prepared by grafting monomers such as acrylonitrile and styrene upon a rubbery terpolymer of ethylene, an alpha-olefin such as propylene and a triene termonomer such as 2-(1' or 2' or 3' methyl-1' or 2' or 3' cyclopenta-2' or 4' dienyl) norborn-5-enyl-methane, containing from 0.1 to 20 pairs of conjugate double bonds per thousand carbon atoms in the polymer chain.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1974Date of Patent: June 29, 1976Assignee: Snam Progetti S.p.A.Inventors: Sergio Arrighetti, Aldo Brancaccio, Sebastiano Cesca, Gianpaolo Giuliani
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Patent number: 3965078Abstract: A method is described for the polymerization of isobutylene and, in particular, the copolymerization of isobutylene and isoprene to produce butyl rubber, by contacting the monomers with a catalyst prepared from: (a) an organoaluminum compound (e.g. Al(C.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 Cl) and (b) a compound represented by the formula X'.sub.n M.sub.e Y.sub.m in which X' is a halogen atom; Y is oxygen, sulphur or a functional group selected from the alkoxies, esters, amides, simple or substituted alkyls, cycloalkyls, aromatics, arenes, phosphines, acetylacetones and oximes; Me is an element selected from Ti, Sn, Zn, B, Al, Hg, Pb, W, Sb, Ge, V, Zr, As, Bi and Mo; n and m are whole numbers whose sum equals the valence of Me except where Y is oxygen or sulphur, when the valency equals 2m + n, (e.g. Ti(O nC.sub.4 H.sub.9)Cl.sub.3), in a liquid reaction medium constituted by an aliphatic, aromatic, cycloaliphatic or halogenated hydrocarbon such as methyl chloride, and at a temperature in the range from -100.degree. to 30.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1974Date of Patent: June 22, 1976Assignee: Snam Progetti S.p.A.Inventors: Aldo Priola, Sebastiano Cesca, Giuseppe Ferraris
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Patent number: 3965083Abstract: A method is herein disclosed by which a polymerizable monomer or a mixture thereof can be economically and efficiently converted to polymeric substances with a high yield catalyst in a vapor phase polymerization process using a stirred-bed, quench-cooled, horizontaL reactor together with essentially total reactor off-gas recycle and melt finishing. The method is further characterized by being essentially isobaric at least up to the polymer finishing steps.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1974Date of Patent: June 22, 1976Assignee: Standard Oil CompanyInventors: James L. Jezl, Edwin F. Peters, Robert D. Hall, John W. Shepard
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Patent number: 3965213Abstract: Dehydrohalogenation of halogenated butyl to produce a butyl rubber having conjugated double bonds in the linear backbone. The composition is disclosed as having the predominant structure: ##EQU1## where n + 1 represent the number of isoolefin units incorporated in the butyl rubber polymer backbone, and m represents the number of conjugated diolefin units present, substantially as isolated units. The composition is prepared by contacting a solution of halogenated butyl rubber with: (1) a soluble metal carboxylate, where the metal is selected from the metals of Groups Ib, IIb, IVa and VIII of the Periodic Table; (2) a soluble carboxylic acid; and (3) an oxide or hydroxide of a metal selected from the metals of Groups Ia or IIa of the Periodic Table.Type: GrantFiled: April 30, 1974Date of Patent: June 22, 1976Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Francis P. Baldwin, Alberto Malatesta
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Patent number: 3963687Abstract: A two-vessel continuous reactor system is used to make a uniform acrylonitrile copolymer containing 65 to 85% by weight acrylonitrile polymerized units and 35 to 15% by weight of styrene polymerized units. Into a first reactor are fed a free radical initiator together with an emulsified feed containing acrylonitrile, styrene and a chain transfer agent. Formation of polymer seed particles takes place in the first reactor and an outlet stream is continuously introduced into a second reactor together with added free radical initiator and a second aqueous emulsified feed containing acrylonitrile, styrene, and a chain transfer agent to continue growth of the seed particles. Conditions of particle initiation in the first reactor as opposed to particle growth in the second reactor are carefully separated to obtain noncyclical operation with low levels of coagulum formation in both reactors together with a final low emulsifier content in the polymer.Type: GrantFiled: January 2, 1975Date of Patent: June 15, 1976Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Ronald Luther Saxton
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Patent number: 3963690Abstract: Polymerization of ethylene by free-radical initiation at high temperature and pressure in a stirred autoclave by continuous process is improved by means of cooling at inner wall in contact with polymerization reaction mixture and removing part of the exothermic heat of polymerization reaction by indirect heat transfer to heat exchange fluid.Type: GrantFiled: October 7, 1974Date of Patent: June 15, 1976Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Malcolm E. Pruitt, Joe B. Lovett
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Patent number: 3962196Abstract: Polymer deposit or build-up on the interior surfaces of a polymerization vessel during polymerization of monoethylenically unsaturated monomers in aqueous dispersion may be inhibited by adding certain heterocyclic compounds to the dispersion prior to polymerization.Type: GrantFiled: October 29, 1974Date of Patent: June 8, 1976Assignee: Continental Oil CompanyInventors: Dean R. Weimer, Albert M. Durr
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Patent number: 3962372Abstract: Adhesive compositions of acrylic or methacrylic monomers, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, and polymerization initiator of increased shelf stability but fast set up time, containing 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol.Type: GrantFiled: January 14, 1975Date of Patent: June 8, 1976Assignee: E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Richard James Arhart
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Patent number: 3960826Abstract: An olefin polymerization process for the preparation of polyolefins having relatively low molecular weights and high melt indexes without loss of catalyst activity, utilizing a catalyst comprising a silica xerogel support having a pore volume greater than about 2.0 cc/g, the major portion of which volume is provided by pores having pore diameters ranging from 300 to 600 A and a surface area ranging from 200 to 500 m.sup.2 /g, and having deposited thereon a metal-containing catalytic material, such as chromium oxide, or other metal oxide. The process is designed for the preparation of polymers and copolymers of 1-olefins having a maximum of 8 carbon atoms in the chain and having no branching nearer the double bond than the 4-position, e.g., ethylene polymers.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1974Date of Patent: June 1, 1976Assignee: National Petro Chemicals CorporationInventors: Henri A. Aboutboul, William Kirch, Jerome H. Krekeler
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Patent number: 3960987Abstract: Propylene, for example, is polymerized with crystalline TiCl.sub.3 --AlCl.sub.3 and diethylaluminum monochloride catalyst at a rate of at least 300 lbs. polymer/lb. catalyst/hr. based on TiCl.sub.3 with partial H.sub.2 pressure of about 150 to about 1000 psi and sufficient total pressure to maintain propylene in liquid form. The resulting propylene homopolymer, while still containing active catalyst residues, is then reacted further with at least one additional alpha-olefin, preferably ethylene or ethylene-containing alpha-olefin mixtures in suitable amounts. The resulting waxy block copolymer has a melt flow of 40 to 400 as determined by ASTM-D-1238-62T at 230.degree.C.Type: GrantFiled: September 23, 1974Date of Patent: June 1, 1976Assignee: Dart Industries Inc.Inventors: Joseph M. Kelley, John J. Miskel, Jr.
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Patent number: 3959409Abstract: In a low pressure process for the production of crystalline propene-ethene-butene-1 terpolymers with 0.2 to 10% by weight of ethene and 0.2 to 5% by weight of butene-1 with the aid of mixed catalysts of TiCl.sub.3 or TiCl.sub.3 .sup.. n AlCl.sub.3 (n = 0.2 to 0.6), and chlorine-containing organoaluminum compounds, the improvement comprising conducting the polymerization in butene-2 or in a C.sub.4 -cut containing 20-99% butene-2, containing 0.1 - 2.5% of butene-1, with the addition of 0.2 to 10% of ethene, based on the amount of propene employed.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1974Date of Patent: May 25, 1976Assignee: Chemische Werke Huls AktiengesellschaftInventors: Albert Frese, Fritz Baxmann, Walter Dittmann, Johann Dietrich
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Patent number: RE28850Abstract: A process for preparing alternating copolymer of butadiene and .alpha.-olefine which comprises contacting butadiene and the .alpha.-olefine in liquid phase with a catalyst system comprising the first component of AIR.sub.3 wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radical in which at least one R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl having at least 3 carbon atoms per one molecule, aryl and cycloalkyl radical and the second component of TiX'.sub.4 wherein X' is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine and iodine, or a catalyst system comprising the first component of AlR.sub.3 wherein R represents a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and cycloalkyl radical, and the second component of TiX'.sub.4 wherein X' is the same as that defined above and the third component of a carbonyl group-containing compound. An alternating copolymer of butadiene and .alpha.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1975Date of Patent: June 8, 1976Assignee: Maruzen Petrochemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Akihiro Kawasaki, Isao Maruyama