Abstract: A material useful as a separator in batteries and a process for making the material is provided. This material is a polyolefin having grafted to it side chains derived from an ethylenically unsaturated ionogenic monomer and cross-linked with sulfur.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided in a pipeloop reactor system for recovery of soluble catalyst components from polymer slurry effluent into the pipe-loop reactor. The polymer slurry is collected in a wash column attached to the upper run of the loop reactor; the slurry is allowed to settle through a countercurrent flow of wash liquid, the liquid used for wash, being one in which catalyst components are soluble; the washed slurry is collected in a settling leg attached to the wash column; and wash liquid containing catalyst components is overflowed into the reactor loop. In peferred embodiments of the invention the wash liquid is subjected to auto-refrigeration before being admitted into the wash column. In another preferred embodiment unreacted monomer feed is recovered from the polymer slurry, purified, and recycled as wash liquid. In still another embodiment of the invention the flow of polymer from the reactor loop into the wash column is mechanically restricted.

Abstract: A transition metal compound containing at least one .pi.-bonded arene is contacted with an inorganic oxide, hydroxide, oxyhalide, hydroxyhalide or halide. The transition metal compound can be a compound such as titanium(O)ditoluene or TiCl.sub.2.2AlCl.sub.3 durene. The inorganic compound is preferably of high surface area and this may be inherent in the compound or can be achieved by a grinding procedure. The inorganic compound can be treated with a halogen containing compound either before, during or after the contacting with the transition metal compound. The product of the contacting is useful either as catalyst for the polymerization of unsaturated hydrocarbon monomers or as a component of such a catalyst. When used as a component of an olefine polymerization catalyst, the transition metal product can be mixed with an organo-aluminium compound and a Lewis Base compound such as an ester.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing vinyl polymers by an inversion polymerization technique in the presence of a coating on the internal surfaces of the polymerization reactor. By inversion polymerization is meant conducting the initial stage of the polymerization reaction wherein the monomer or monomers being polymerized constitute the continuous phase and in the latter stage of polymerization, water constitutes the continuous phase. The coating is comprised of a water-soluble suspending agent, such as an alkyl or alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ether. By means of the present inventive process, polymer buildup on the internal surfaces of the reactor are reduced.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process of producing vinyl polymers by an inversion polymerization technique in the presence of a two layer coating on the internal surfaces of the polymerization reactor. By inversion polymerization is meant conducting the initial stage of the polymerization reaction wherein the monomer or monomers being polymerized constitute the continuous phase and in the latter stage of polymerization, water constitutes the continuous phase. The coatings comprise an undercoating of a polyaromatic amine, or like material, and the top coating is comprised of a water-soluble suspending agent, such as an alkyl or alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ether. By means of the present inventive process, polymer buildup on the internal surfaces of the reactor are substantially reduced.

Abstract: A new catalyst and method of making polymers therewith and the process of preparing the catalyst in which the catalyst is prepared by dispersing on a finely divided carrier material, particularly a difficultly reducible inorganic support such as silica, an organic chromium (II) or (III) salt or derivative of a carboxylic acid or an N-substituted carboxylic acid or a nitrogen-heterocyclic carboxylic acid and activating the resulting mixture by heating at an elevated temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for rapidly letting-down the pressure in continuous high pressure polymerization systems for the polymerization of ethylene. In this process, the let-down hot reaction mixture is passed into an expansion vessel in such a way that the jet of let-down hot reaction mixture issuing from the let-down line is led into the partially water-filled expansion vessel at an angle of from 0.degree. to 45.degree. to the water surface, so that the jet does not enter below the surface but must touch or strike it. The method described makes it possible to let the mixture down partially and thus to slow down the decomposition in the case of explosive decomposition reactions occurring in the polymerization system.

Abstract: There is disclosed a new and improved process for preparing compositions consisting for at least 50% by weight of isotactic polypropylene and having high impact strength at low temperatures.The process comprises three or more steps. In the first step propylene is polymerized in an inert liquid hydrocarbon medium and in contact with a stereospecific catalyst prepared by mixing a titanium trihalide with a dialkyl aluminum monohalide to obtain a slurry. In subsequent steps ethylene, or an ethylene/propylene mixture, is fed to the polymerization suspension of first step and the polymerization is continued until the amount of ethylene polymerized is, at most, 20% by weight of the total, final polymeric composition obtained.

Abstract: Pressure sensitive adhesive compositions are prepared from a mixture of an acrylic pressure sensitive polymer, a chlorosulphonated polyethylene and a polymerizable vinyl compound. The compositions are cured to form a strong bond upon contact with a condensation reaction product of a primary or secondary amine and an aldehyde.

Abstract: A process for producing a resin composition having excellent plating properties comprising heating a mixture consisting substantially of 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin, 5 to 150 parts by weight of an inorganic filler, 1 to less than 20 parts by weight of a liquid rubber, 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a radical generator at 110.degree. to 280.degree. C. in the absence of solvents.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for the production of polymers which utilizes a tubular reactor which contains static mixers.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of olefin polymers by polymerizing .alpha.-monoolefins of 2 to 8 carbon atoms by means of a catalyst which is obtained from a silicate carrier (component a), an organo-metallic compound containing alkoxide groups (component b) and a chromium compound (component c), wherein the catalyst employed is obtained by (1) first charging (1.1) a finely divided porous xerogel (component a) of the formula SiO.sub.2 . m Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, where m is a number from 0 to 2, with (1.2) a particular aluminum compound containing alkoxide groups (component b), (2) then charging (2.1) the product obtained from stage (1) with (2.2) a particular chromium compound (component c) by treatment with a solution of the chromium compound, with intimate mixing and evaporation of the solvent and (3) finally heating the product, obtained from stage (2), in an anhydrous stream of gas containing oxygen.

Abstract: Graft polymers are prepared by contacting an anionically polymerizable monomer such as butadiene with a polymer-Liotertiary chelating polyamine complex such as polystyrene-Liotetramethyl ethanediamine.

Abstract: A reactive composition comprising a solution of about 25-65% by weight of an uncured elastomer in about 35-75% by weight of polymerizable vinyl monomer and a free radical peroxide polymerization initiator. The reactive composition is polymerized under anaerobic conditions without solvent to form a graft copolymer wherein the elastomer is in a continuous phase and the resinous vinyl polymer functions as a reinforcing filler. The resulting graft copolymer has a tensile modulus of at least about 5 MPa at 200% elongation and 1.0 MPa at 50% elongation.

Abstract: A method of polymerizing and a polymerization column for a monomeric vinylidene compound in which heat exchange tubes are spaced relatively along a polymerization chamber, each tube lying in a radial plane of the chamber and having an ingoing length and an outgoing length, the two lengths being in the form of windings with the windings of each length lying between windings of the other.

Abstract: A process is described whereby homopolymers and copolymers of isobutylene are prepared by effecting the polymerization at a temperature in the range of -100.degree. to 30.degree. C in the presence of a catalyst system including:(a) a compound selected from the group consisting of: AlCl.sub.3, AlBr.sub.3, AlEtCl.sub.2, TiCl.sub.4, SnCl.sub.4, SiCl.sub.4, VCl.sub.4, BF.sub.3, Al.sub.2 Et.sub.3 Cl.sub.3, SbCl.sub.5, SbF.sub.5, FeCl.sub.3, VOCl.sub.3, ZrCl.sub.4, AlI.sub.3, GaCl.sub.3 ; and(b) a compound adapted to react with the compounds of group (a) and selected from the group consisting of: SnR.sub.4, SnRX.sub.3, SrR.sub.4, TiX.sub.2 (OR).sub.2, Ti(OR).sub.4, PbR.sub.4, Ti(OR)X.sub.3, VO(OR).sub.3, Ti(OR).sub.3 X, (C.sub.5 H.sub.5).sub.2 Ti(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2, (C.sub.5 H.sub.5).sub.2 Ti(CH.sub.3).sub.2, Ti(Acac).sub.4, SnCl.sub.2 (acetate).sub.2 in which R is a hydrocarbon radical with from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and X is a halogen atom.

Abstract: A process for producing high molecular weight polymers by the two-phase interfacial method comprising bringing two liquid phases containing polymerizable reactants continuously into contact with one another in a predetermined quantitative ratio to one another and passing the resulting mixture through one mixing stage or a plurality of serially connected mixing stages, the mixture being divided into a plurality of partial streams in each mixing stage, and causing the partial streams together with their flow boundaries to move transversely to their main directions of flow at mean speeds higher than 5 meters per second and to pass into a mixing chamber which has at least one outlet duct and in which the kinetic energy of the mixture is reduced from the highest value attained in the mixing to a value which is low in relation to said highest value, the portions of the mixture flowing in the mixing chamber being subjected to flow conditions which substantially vary at least periodically.

Abstract: Salts of poly-.alpha.-hydroxyacrylic acid or their alkyl derivatives are obtained by thermally dehydrochlorinating .alpha., .beta.-dichloro-propionic acid or its alkyl derivatives into the corresponding .alpha.-chloroacrylic acid, polymerizing the .alpha.-chloroacrylic acid in water to obtain a solid product and neutralizing the solid product with an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide.The poly-.alpha.-hydroxyacrylates are useful as sequestering agents or builders.

Abstract: Vinyl chloride monomer or a monomeric mixture composed mainly of vinyl chloride is polymerized in a polymerization vessel having its inner walls and the surfaces of an agitator and other equipment attached thereto coming into contact with the monomer or monomers coated with a metal complex of a polar organic compound and/or an organic dye. This method of polymerization serves to greatly reduce the deposition of polymer scale on those surfaces and produce high quality polymer.

Abstract: The copolymerization of isoolefins with dienes is initiated by nickel source complexes with compounds of titanium or vanadium. For example, isobutylene and butadiene are copolymerized in the presence of a catalyst of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel and titanium tetrachloride.