Abstract: The present invention is directed to compounds of the formula I: (wherein R1, R2, R3, R7, R8, X, Y, Z, x and y are defined herein) which are useful as modulators of chemokine receptor activity. In particular, these compounds are useful as modulators of the chemokine receptors CCR-5 and/or CCR-3.

Abstract: 20S-Camptothecin derivatives in which the 7-position bears as a substituent --CN, --CH(CN)R.sub.4, --CH.dbd.C(CN)R.sub.4, --C(.dbd.NOH)NH.sub.2, --C(.dbd.NH)NH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.C(NO.sub.2)R.sub.4, --CH(CN)R.sub.5, --CH(CH.sub.2 NO.sub.2)R.sub.5, tetrazol-5-yl, 4,5-dihydrooxazol-2-yl, or 1,2,4-oxadiazolin-3-yl-5-one. These compounds are active as topoisomerase I inhibitors, and can be used as antitumor drugs.

Abstract: The invention concerns the treatment of hyperandrogenic conditions in humans by the formation of a novel mechanism-based irreversible inhibitor of human 5.alpha.-reductase enzymes from 3-oxo-4-oxa end 4-thiasteroids having a 1,2-double bond and the pyridine-nucleotide cofactor of the 5.alpha.-reductase enzyme, NADPH. The invention further relates to the isolated inhibitor-cofactor complex.

Abstract: Coupled to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-channel complex is a strychnine-insensitive binding site for glycine. Pharmacological antagonism of glycine binding at this site can produce anticonvulsant activity. Derivatives of kynurenic acid, pyridine and 2-carboxy-indole were synthesized and evaluated as antagonists of glycine binding and for anticonvulsant effects. Compounds were tested in mice against seizures induced by electroshock and pentylenetetrazole, and in the rotorod assay for neurologic deficit. The derivatives were also assayed for binding at the NMDA-associated glycine site. The most potent anticonvulsant was ethyl 4-methylamino-5,7-dichloro-2-quinoline carboxylate. This compound provided protection against maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizures at a dose of 30 mg/kg. Other compounds were active at 100 mg/kg dose level, including 5-fluoro-2-indole carboxylic acid and the diethyl ester of 2,6-pyridine dicarboxylic acid.

Abstract: Antiinfluenza A activity was found in compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: X is 2-phenylethyl, 2-furanylmethyl, or ##STR2## where one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is H and the other is phenylamino; Z is --SCH.sub.3 when X is ##STR3## or ##STR4## when X is 2-phenylethyl or 2-furanylmethyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Chiral epoxybutyrates are prepared in high yield from novel dihydro-3R-substituted sulfonyloxy-4R-hydroxy-2-(3H)furanones via based catalyzed alcoholysis. The product chiral epoxy butyrates are useful intermediates for the synthesis of 1-carba-1-dethia cephem antibiotics.

Abstract: Novel 5-acyl-2-(1H)pyrdinones and their use as cardiotonic agents. Typical of the compounds is 5-acetyl-1,2-dihydro-6-methyl-2-oxo-3-pyridinecarbonitrile which is prepared by condensing anionic cyano acetamide with 3-[(dimethylamino)methylenyl]-2,4-pentanedione in an inert organic solvent.

Abstract: An ascorbic acid derivative of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is organic residue having molecular weight of from 15 to 700, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or hydroxyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, acyl, optionally substituted phosphono or sulfo, and R.sup.3 and hydroxyl or R.sup.2 may form acetal residue or ketal residue, and a salt thereof are provided.The compound [I] and salts thereof have antioxidant activity and excellent prophylactic and improving actions on disorders of circulatory functions, and they are usefule as antioxidant agent for food and as agents of prophylaxis and improvement of circulatory functional disorders.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein W and X, which may be identical to or different from each other, are each hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, nitro, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, fluoro-substituted alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or chloro-substituted alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;Y is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, fluoro-substituted alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or chloro-substituted alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;Z is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, fluoro-substituted alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, chloro-substituted alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, --COOH or --COO-(alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms); andn is 0 or 1;and, when Z is COOH, salts thereof, especially their alkali metal salts. The compunds as well as the salts are useful as selective herbicides.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R is H, loweralkyl, halogen, cyano, loweralkanoyl, arylloweralkanoyl, aroyl, --CH(OH)r.sub.1, --C(OH)r.sub.1 r.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 Or.sub.2, where r.sub.1 is H, loweralkyl, arylloweralkyl or aryl and r.sub.2 is loweralkyl; R.sub.1 is H, loweralkyl, arylloweralkyl, phenyl, nitrophenyl, cyanophenyl, trifluoromethylphenyl, aminophenyl, loweralkanoylaminophenyl, loweralkoxycarbonyl, arylloweralkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, loweralkylaminocarbonyl, arylloweralkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, alkanoyl, arylloweralkanoyl, aroyl, alkenoyl or alkynoyl; and R.sub.2 is H, NO.sub.2, NH.sub.2, halogen, loweralkanoylamino, arylloweralkanoylamino, aroylamino or loweralkyl, or R.sub.

Abstract: An improved method of preparing aryloxyphenoxy propanoic acid esters is disclosed. Low-water levels and low temperatures increase the yield and decrease by-product formation. A hindered non-nucleophilic phenol, which is converted in situ to the phenate form, is added to the reaction mixture to drive the reaction to 99+% conversion.

Abstract: Tetrazole derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an optional defined substituent; A is sulfur or a lower alkylene-thio, l is 0 or 1; B is a lower alkylene; R.sup.2 is hydroxy, a lower alkoxy, or a group: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are optional defined substituents, or the R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may combine together with the nitrogen atom to which they are joined to form a defined heterocyclic group, and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which have prophylactic or therapeutic activities against peptic and/or duodenal ulcers and also anti-inflammatory activity and are useful as an anti-ulcer or anti-inflammatory drug; processes for the preparation of the tetrazole derivatives; and pharmaceutical composition containing said tetrazole derivatives.

Abstract: Novel substituted pyridyl-phenyl ethers of the formula ##STR1## in which X represents trifluoromethyl or chlorine,Y represents hydrogen or chlorine,R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl andR.sup.2 represents formyl or the radicals of the formulae ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 represents alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or the two radicals R.sup.3 together represent an alkylene chain with 2 or 3 carbon atoms,R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently of one another represent hydrogen or alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,m represents 1 or 2,n represents 0 or 1 andZ represents trimethylsilyl, optionally substituted azolyl which is bonded via nitrogen or the radicals of the formulae ##STR3## in which R.sup.8 represents alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,or the two radicals R.sup.8 together represent an alkylene chain with 2 or 3 carbon atoms,R.sup.9 represents alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms,X.sup.1 represents oxygen or sulphur andR.sup.10 and R.sup.

Abstract: 2(6)-(Trichloromethyl)pyridines are reduced to the corresponding 2(6)-(dichloromethyl)pyridines by treatment with a strong base and an anionic reductant derived from a reductant source material selected from the group consisting of dialkylphosphite and trialkylphosphite said treatment taking place in the presence of a polar, non-hydroxylic solvent and/or a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multistep process for the preparation of .beta.-cyclo-substituted ethylamines of the general formula:-Ar--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --NH.sub.2 (I)in which AR is a heterocyclic or non-heterocyclic aromatic radical, which is optionally mono- or poly- substituted, wherein said compounds represent a class of intermediates which can be converted to 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro[3,2-C] or [2,3-C]pyridines wherein the latter are useful for anti-inflammatory, vasodilator or blood platelet aggregation inhibition activities.

Abstract: Novel triazolo- or imidazo-benzotriazepines are prepared from 1,3,4-benzotriazepine-2-thiones which in turn are prepared from a 2-aminobenzophenone.

Abstract: The compounds are alkoxypyridine compounds which are histamine H.sub.2 -antagonists. Two specific compounds of the present invention are N-cyano-N'-methyl-N"-[2-((3-methoxy-2-pyridyl)methylthio)ethyl]guanidine and 1-methylamino-1-[2-((3-methoxy-2-pyridyl)methylthio)ethylamino]-2-nitroeth ylene.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is H or lower alkyl and R.sub.2 is H or lower alkyl, or phenyl or benzyl optionally substituted with at least one halogen or a lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, trifluoromethyl or nitro group.According to this method, a compound of the formula: ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above and R.sub.3 is H or optionally substituted alkyl or benzyl, is reacted with a derivative Hal--SO.sub.2 --R (III) in which Hal is halogen and R is optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, to give a derivative of the formula: ##STR3## in which the various symbols have the above-defined meanings, and the sulfonated derivative of the formula (IV) is heated in the presence of an acid, to give the compound of the formula (I).