Abstract: A process for treating phenol with a strong acid ion exchange resin to reduce the level of methylbenzofuran is provided. The process is capable of being carried out at elevated temperatures for extended periods, such that cooling of the phenol from distillation temperatures prior to the resin treatment is not required. The process can reduce or eliminate the substantial costs associated with conventional processes that require cooling and re-heating the phenol.

Abstract: A cyclododecanone compound is produced in a high reaction rate, with a high conversion of the starting compound, and with a high selectivity to and a high yield of the target compound by isomerizing an epoxycyclododecane compound in the presence of a catalyst comprising lithium bromide and/or lithium iodide, without using a solvent or in a non-polar solvent, in an inert gas atmosphere, while substantially no polymeric compounds having a high boiling temperature is produced.

Abstract: Disclosure is a method for preparing &agr;-aspartyl-&bgr;-cyclohexylalaninamide, comprising carrying out a first step of amide formation of an &agr;-aspartyl phenylamine ester of general formula (II) wherein: R is a C1-C4 alkyl radical, and then performing a catalytic hydrogenation of the resulting &agr;-aspartyl phenylalaninamide ammonium salt, optionally released previously from its salt, and optionally transforming it into an addition acis salt.

Abstract: Halogenated compounds are dehydrohalogenated in a multi-stage bubble reactor wherein agitation of the reactor contents is provided by in situ generation and vaporization of reaction product having a boiling point lower than that of the reactants.

Abstract: Ethylene oxide is hydroformylated to 3-hydroxypropanal using a non-phosphine-ligated cobalt catalyst and a primary or secondary amine promoter.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the manufacture of a pentafluoropropene of the formula: CFX═CYCF3 where X is selected from H and F and where Y is F when X is H and Y is H when X is F. The process involves contacting a hexafluoropropane of the formula: CF2XCHYCF3 at a temperature of from about 200° C. to 500° C. with a catalyst, optionally in the presence of an inert gas. Suitable catalysts include (1) catalysts of (a) at least one compound selected from the oxides, fluorides and oxyfluorides of magnesium, zinc and mixtures of magnesium and zinc, and optionally (b) at least one compound selected from the oxides, fluorides and oxyfluorides of aluminum; provided that the atomic ratio of aluminum to the total of magnesium and zinc in said catalyst is about 1:4, or less (e.g., 1:9), (2) lanthanum fluoride, (3) fluorided lanthanum oxide, (4) activated carbon, and (5) three-dimensional matrix carbonaceous materials.

Abstract: Halohydrocarbons containing at least 3 carbon atoms are obtained by reaction between a haloalkane and an olefin in the presence of a catalyst in a reaction medium which is essentially free of water.

Abstract: Improved process for the catalytic hydro-fluorination of saturated or unsaturated organic compounds corresponding to the general formula CwHxClyFz (I) in which w is an integer between 1 and 6, x is an integer between 0 and (2w+1) or between 0 and (2w−1), y is an integer between 1 and (2w+1) or between 1 and (2w−1), z is an integer between 0 and (2w+1) or between 0 and (2w−1) and the sum (x+y+z) is equal to (2w+2), comprising a continuous feed of hydrogen chloride. Process for preparing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane starting with 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane, comprising two catalytic reaction steps, in which hydrogen chloride is preferably fed continuously into the reaction medium of at least one of the two reaction steps.

Abstract: An uncatalyzed process is provided for the fluorination of 240 fa in the presence of a solvent.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 1,2-dichloroethane by oxychlorination of ethene in the presence of a copper-containing fixed-bed catalyst comprising a bed essentially consisting of catalyst particles which comprise, at least partially, support material impregnated with an active component and, if desired, a promoter, where the catalyst bed comprises essentially no separate inert material for dilution.

Abstract: Advantageous processes are disclosed for the production of vinyl fluoride. Also disclosed are advantageous methods which may be employed for the preparation of catalysts useful in such processes. Included are methods which involve (i) reducing surface B2O3 present in a bulk chromium oxide composition containing surface B2O3 by treating said composition with HF at an elevated temperature and/or (ii) treating a bulk chromium oxide composition containing B2O3 to enrich the B2O3 present on its surface by heating said composition in oxygen or an oxygen-containing environment (e.g., air) at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to enrich the B2O3 on the surface of the composition by at least a factor of two compared to the surface analysis of the untreated bulk composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of amines by hydrogenation of nitro compounds, which comprises carrying out the hydrogenation in a vertical reactor whose length is greater than its diameter, having a downward-facing jet nozzle arranged in the upper region of the reactor through which the starting materials and the reaction mixture are fed in, and having an outlet at any desired point of the reactor, through which the reaction mixture is fed back to the jet nozzle in an external circuit by means of a conveying means, and having flow reversal in the lower region of the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention provides the novel chlorofluorohydrocarbon 1,1-difluoro-1,4-dichlorobutane, and a process for its preparation comprising reacting 1,1,1,4-tetrachlorobutane or 1,1,4-trichlorobut-1-ene with hydrogen fluoride in the liquid or vapour phase. The product has useful solvent properties and is also useful in synthetic chemistry for the introduction of fluorocarbon functionality.

Abstract: Bromine containing 1,2-bis(phenyl)difluoromethane derivatives, a method for their preparation and their use in flame retardant compositions.

Abstract: A reductive dimerization process of 1,1,1-trifluoro, 2,2,2-trichloroethane (CFC-113a) with hydrogen, with formation of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2,2,3,3-tetrachlorobutane and 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2,2-dichlorobutene, and mixtures thereof, wherein the catalyst is constituted by metal ruthenium supported on graphitized carbon obtainable by treatment of the carbon at temperatures higher than 2000° C., in inert gas, or aluminum fluoride having an high surface area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing 1,1,3,3-tetrachloro-1,3-difluoroacetone. This process includes fluorinating hexachloroacetone in a liquid phase by hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst containing a metal compound. This metal compound can be selected from tin halides, titanium halides, molybdenum halides, tungsten halides, niobium halides, tantalum halides, and iron halides. This process is suitable for producing 1,1,3,3-tetrachloro-1,3-difluoroacetone in an industrial scale.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is the manufacture of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane by fluorination or 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane with anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. The reaction is carried out in the liquid phase and in the presence of a fluorination catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to monitors used in the oxidation of hydrocarbons to respective acids, which monitors are capable to detect formation of a second liquid phase in the reaction mixture. The reactions are conducted in a single liquid phase, and formation of a second liquid phase is highly undesirable. The information gathered by the detector is provided to a controller, which controller in turn takes measures to re-establish operation of the reaction in a single liquid phase.

Abstract: In a process for chlorinating ketones which, apart from the carbonyl group, are inert in respect of triarylphosphine dichlorides, except for cyclopropyl methyl ketone, in which the ketones are reacted with a chlorinating agent in the presence of triarylphosphine oxides, the amount of triarylphosphine oxide is from 0.1 to 10 mol %, based on the amount of ketone. The ketones preferably have a least one CH-acid proton in the &agr; position to the carbonyl group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of trifluoromethylanilines of formula (I) wherein R1 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, methyl, monochloromethyl, dichloromethyl, or formyl, and R2 is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine, with the proviso that when R1 and R2 are both hydrogen, the amino group is para to the trifluoromethyl group, comprising (a) nitrating a benzotrichloride of formula (II)  wherein R1 and R2 are each as defined for formula (I), thereby forming a nitrobenzotrichloride, (b) converting the trichloromethyl group of the nitrobenzotrichloride into a trifluoromethyl group by reaction with anhydrous hydrofluoric acid, thereby forming a nitrobenzotrifluoride, and (c) reducing the nitro groups of the nitrobenzotrifluoride to form a trifluoromethylaniline of formula (I).