Abstract: A terpolymer of a monovinylic aromatic monomer, an acrylic monomer and maleic anhydride is formed according to a polymerization method in which the maleic anhydride is added to the reactor in a molten state, free of solvents and diluents, and the polymerization reaction is conducted in bulk in the absence of solvents and diluents. The terpolymer is useful in various applications including blending with ABS graft polymers.

Abstract: Thermally stable bisimido polymers, devoid of diamine component and well adapted for the production of laminates, are prepared by copolymerizing (a) an N,N'-bismaleimide with (b) an acrylate comonomer, e.g., a novolak epoxy (meth)acrylate, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of (c) an imidazole compound, and, optionally, (d) a chlorinated or brominated epoxy resin, or admixture thereof with a non-chlorinated or non-brominated epoxy resin.

Abstract: An acrylic copolymer rubber which is a random copolymer of(A) a cyano group-containing acrylate or methacrylate of the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl, and R.sup.2 is --C.sub.n H.sub.2n -- or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --0--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 4,(B) at least one of ethyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate, and(C) at least one of glycidyl methacrylate and allyl glycidyl ether, or vinyl chloroacetate,wherein the amounts of units derived from the above (A), (B) and (C) in said copolymer are from 5 to 70% by weight, from 20 to 94.5% by weight and from 0.5 to 10% by weight, respectively, and which has a Mooney viscosity ML.sub.1+4 (100.degree. C.) of at least 5.

Abstract: Intrinsically low birefringent molding polymers having a molten stress optic coefficient that is greater than or equal to -1000 Brewsters and less than or equal to +1000 Brewsters, a glass transition temperature of at least 140.degree. C., and a water absorption (A.sub.H.sbsb.2.sub.O) according to ASTM D570-81 after 24 hours immersion in water at 23.degree. C. of less than 0.25 percent comprising in polymerized form at least one structural component providing a positive melt homopolymer stress optic coefficient and at least one other structural component providing a negative melt homopolymer stress optic coefficient.

Abstract: The invention is an improved process for polymerization of vinyl monomers under polymerization conditions with hydrazone initiators at a temperature range of from -10.degree. C. to about 98.degree. C. in the substantial absence of a peroxide to prepare an addition polymer thereof. The process is especially useful for preparation of polymers of acrylic acid, C.sub.1-4 esters of acrylic acid and acrylamide.

Abstract: Water soluble polymerizable acrylic prepolymers can be formed from ethylenically unsaturated monomers that include monomers that provide a pendant group that is a blocked, saturated, ethylenic group, followed by unblocking the pendant saturated ethylenic group to leave a pendant ethylenically unsaturated group. These prepolymers can be copolymerized through these unsaturated groups, for instance after impregnation into a permeable substrate as in chemical grouting or shut off processes, to form cross linked solid polymers. The polymerizable monomers that are ethylenically unsaturated but which also include the blocked ethylenic group are also novel.

Abstract: Novel polyacrylic acid resins are prepared by polymerizing H.sub.2 C.dbd.CHCO.sub.2 H, H.sub.2 C.dbd.CRCO.sub.2 X, or HRC.dbd.CHCO.sub.2 X, wherein R is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon, or sulfonated hydrocarbon of from C.sub.1 to C.sub.20, phenol, naphthol, sulfonated phenol, sulfonated naphthol, or a halogen, and X is hydrogen, alkyl, or a hydroxylated, ethoxylated, sulfonated, or halogenated aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon of from C.sub.1 to C.sub.20, sodium, potassium, ammonium, or quaternary amine, in the presence of aromatic sulfonic acid or its salt to form a polymer in which the sulfonated aromatic compound is covalently bound to the polymer. In an alternative embodiment, a textile processing or cleansing compound is included in the polymerization reaction along with the acrylic acid and aromatic sulfonic acid or its salt.

Abstract: An optical material, comprising a resin composed of a polymer constituted of 10 of 95 mol %, based on the polymer, of a first structural unit represented by the formula (I) and 90 to 5 mol %, based on the polymer, of a second structural unit represented by the formula (II), and having a weight-average molecular weight of from 1.times.10.sup.3 to 5.times.10.sup.6 in polystyrene equivalent: ##STR1## The optical material has a Tg value not less than 120.degree. C., a light transmittance value not less than 85%, and a pencil hardness not lower than H.

Abstract: Crosslinkable, functional polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and aminoalkyl acrylamides are provided herein. Such polymers are readily crosslinked with a crosslinking agent, e.g. a multi-aldehyde, such as a di-, tri- or tetra- aldehyde, preferably, glutaric dialdehyde, to form an aqueous gel of predetermined viscosity suitable for making hydrogels, adhesives and coatings.

Abstract: Compounds which contain peroxide linkages as well as a hindered amine light stabilizer moiety of low basicity function as free radical polymerization initiators and provide a polymer containing a hindered amine stabilizer chemically bonded to said polymer. The low basicity of the instant compounds prevents interaction with acid catalysts used in some polymerization systems.

Abstract: A polyacrylic acid ester derivative having repeating units represented by the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R and R' independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sub.1 represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 linear or branched alkyl group, A represents a structural unit derived from a group copolymerizable with an acrylic acid ester, and l, m and n are, respectively, from 0.04 to 1.0, from 0 to 0.96 and from 0 to 0.5 in this order, provided that their sum is 1, and when m is not higher than 0.2, n is a number of not higher than 0.01) and having a molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 1,000,000, is capable of being molded, and is useful as an optical material.

Abstract: A liquid composition comprising:(A) a monomeric, or essentially monomeric, diallyl-carbonate of a possibly halogenated diol containing aromatic groups; or a diallyl-ester of a halogenated aromatic bicarboxy acid;(B) a reactive monomer selected from diallyl orthophthalate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl terephthalate, triallyl cyanurate and triallyl isocyanurate;(C) an oligomeric, or essentially oligomeric, diallyl-carbonate of diethylene glycolis polymerized under the action of a free-radical initiator, in order to yield optical articles having a high refractive index, low light dispersion, and with enhanced mechanical and color characteristics.

Abstract: Novel poly(B-alkenyl-borazines), such as poly(B-vinyl borazine), are useful as precursors to BN ceramics. The poly alkenylborazines, which may advantageously be soluble and easily processed, are prepared by heat treatment of corresponding B-alkenylborazines, which are themselves novel compounds.

Abstract: A novel optical element substrate which comprises a random copolymer comprising, in specific weight proportions, a methyl methacrylate unit, an aromatic vinyl compound unit, an unsaturated aliphatic acid unit and a hexagonal acid anhydride unit of the formula ##STR1## The substrate has excellent heat resistance, thermal stability, transparency, resistance to scratching and metal layer corrosion preventive properties and exhibits advantageously low double refraction and warpage. The novel substrate can be advantageously employed as a substrate for an optical element such as an optical disc, e.g. a digital audio disc, a video disc and a disc capable of being directly read after recording, a mirror, a lens and the like.

Abstract: Curable bisimide compositions containing at least one biscitraconimide having general formula (I), wherein D is a divalent group, R is CH.sub.2 --R.sub.1, and R.sub.1 is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl groups having 1-18 carbon atoms; at least one olefinically unsaturated material, and 0-15 mole percent, based on biscitraconimide of formula (I), of a cocurable material selected from the group consisting of bismaleimides, citraconic maleimides and itaconic maleimides, wherein the mole ratio of biscitraconimide of formula (I), to olefinically unsaturated materials is from 0.12 to 4.0; are disclosed. Also disclosed are copolymeric compositions of biscitraconimides and olefinically unsaturated materials, processes for making these copolymers and articles of manufacture embodying these copolymers. These copolymers exhibit improved thermostability, high glass transition temperature, are solvent resistant and are void-free.

Abstract: Novel thermally stable bisimido/allylaniline polymers and prepolymers, well adopted for the production of prepregs and reinforced and impregnated composite shaped articles, comprise the copolymerizates of (a) at least one N,N'-bisimide, with (b) at least one hindered p-allylaniline, optionally in the presence of (c) an organic peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile or an imidazole, (d) a vinylpyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidone, allyl isocyanurate, vinyltetrahydrofuran, or mixture thereof, (e) at least one diprimary diamine, and/or (f) an unhalogenated or chlorinated/brominated epoxy resin or N,N'-alkylenebistetrahalophthalimide, or particular (meth)acrylate or alkenylphenol.

Abstract: A hair spray fixative resin comprises a vinyl acetate/alkyl maleate half ester/N-substituted acrylamide terpolymer in a molar ratio of about 1.0 to 0.6-0.8 to 0.08-0.12, which is preferably produced by a suspension or solution polymerization process. Utilizing N-substituted acrylamides in place of isoborneol methacrylates in the terpolymer provides superior holding power over conventional hair fixative resins, at lower cost.

Abstract: There is disclosed an aqueous emulsion copolymer which provides an alkali-soluble anionic copolymer providing antisettling and antisag thickening characteristics especially useful in textured latex paints. The copolymers comprise an aqueous emulsion copolymer of:(A) about 10-60 weight percent of an alpha, beta-monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid;(B) about 20-80 weight percent of a non-reactive monoethylenically unsaturated monomer which provides a water-insoluble copolymer;(C) about 0.5-40 weight percent of a monoethylenically saturated, hydrophobic nonionic monomer which is the reaction product of a monohydric or monoamine-terminated polypropoxylated or polybutoxylated hydrophobe with a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer having a single group which is reactive under the conditions employed; and(D) from 0 up to about 2 weight percent of a polyethylenically unsaturated monomer.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a terpolymer containing as polymerized units at least one first monomer selected from the group of vinyl acetate, vinyl ethers and vinyl carbonates, at least one second monomer of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, and at least one third monomer of an anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid. The terpolymer is formed by a free-radical polymerization in a nonaqueous solvent. It has further been discovered that the partial hydrolysis, saponification, and saponification followed by oxidation of this terpolymer leads to terpolymer derivatives with improved detergent properties and improved biodegradability.

Abstract: Copolymer of maleic anhydride and the polymerizable component of naphtha oil chiefly composed of indene and aromatic hydrocarbons having a reactive double bond, a resin modifier containing said copolymer as an effective ingredient, a dispersant containing a salt of the sulfonation product of said copolymer, an esterified product of said copolymer, and preferred processes for producing these products.