Abstract: A positive electrode for a secondary battery wherein the electrode includes a collector and a positive electrode active material layer which is stacked upon the collector, and which includes a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder; the binder includes a first polymer and a second polymer; the first polymer is a fluorine-containing polymer; the second polymer includes a polymerized moiety having a nitrile group, a polymerized moiety having a hydrophilic group, a polymerized (meth)acrylic acid ester moiety, and a straight-chain polymerized alkylene moiety having a carbon number of at least 4; the proportion of the first polymer and the second polymer in the binder, expressed as a mass ratio, is in the range of 95:5 to 5:95.

Abstract: An all solid state rechargeable oxide-ion (ROB) battery (30) has a thermal energy storage (TES) unit (20) between two oxide-ion cells (22, 24) with metal-metal oxide electrodes (34, 36, 40, 42) on opposite sides of an anion conducting solid electrolyte (32,38) where none of the electrodes is contact with air.

Abstract: A system and method for determining whether valves in a fuel cell system bleed manifold unit (BMU) are blocked with ice or have otherwise failed. The system opens a first bleed valve, closes a second bleed valve and opens an exhaust valve, and then reads a pressure signal to determine whether there is flow through a flow restriction to determine whether the first bleed valve or the exhaust valve is blocked. The system then closes the exhaust valve, leaves the first bleed valve open, and again reads the pressure signal to determine the pressure drop across the flow restriction, which will indicate whether the flow restriction the pressure sensor lines are blocked. The system then closes the first bleed valve and opens the second bleed valve to determine whether the pressure signal indicates a flow through the second bleed valve.