Abstract: An actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition has an excellent resolution and is capable of forming a pattern having suppressed defects. A resist film, a pattern forming method, and a method for manufacturing an electronic device employing the actinic ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition are provided. The actinic ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition includes a resin whose polarity increases through decomposition by an action of an acid, and a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, in which the resin whose polarity increases through decomposition by an action of an acid includes one or more selected from repeating units represented by Formulae (1) to (5), and the compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation includes one or more of a compound (I) or a compound (II).

Abstract: Disclosed is a bipolar plate for a fuel cell stack. The article has two metal plates, each with inlets, outlets, and contours bordering wavy channels. At least some of the channels are partly divided into multiple channels near one end by the contours. The divided channels merge at the other end in a different combination from when they were divided.

Abstract: This non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprises: a separator that has an adhesive on at least one surface thereof; and an electrode that has a core and an electrode mix layer, and that is configured so that the electrode mix layer abuts the adhesive. The electrode mix layer is configured so that the density, in the thickness-direction, of a porous body increases from the core towards the adhesive.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution includes an electrolyte salt, a solvent, and a polyether. A secondary battery includes the electrolyte solution. A method for preparing a secondary battery electrolyte solution includes adding an additive and a cyclic ether compound into a composition containing an electrolyte salt and a solvent, and performing in-situ polymerization for at least 24 hours to obtain the secondary battery electrolyte solution. The additive is a Lewis acid or a Lewis acid precursor.

Abstract: A shadow wall for controlling directional deposition of a material is arranged on a substrate. The shadow wall comprises a base portion and a bridge portion. The base portion is arranged on the substrate and is configured to support the bridge portion. The bridge portion overhangs the substrate. The shadow wall may have improved compatibility with non-directional deposition processes, because adatoms on the surface of the substrate may diffuse under the bridge. Also provided are a method of fabricating a device using the shadow wall, and a method of fabricating the shadow wall.

Abstract: A resist composition containing a metal compound, in which a structure of the metal compound is changed upon exposure, and the metal compound exhibits changed solubility in a developing solution, in which the metal compound includes a cubane-structured metal oxide.

Abstract: A negative electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries is provided with: a negative electrode current collector; a first negative electrode mix layer arranged on a surface of the negative electrode current collector; and a second negative electrode mix layer arranged on a surface of the first negative electrode mix layer. The first negative electrode mix layer contains a first carbon material having a true density of 2.1 g/cm3 to 2.3 g/cm3, the second negative electrode mix layer contains a second carbon material having a true density of 1.5 g/cm3 to 2.0 g/cm3, the inter-particle porosity of the second carbon material in the second negative electrode mix layer is larger than that of the first carbon material in the first negative electrode mix layer, and the ratio of the mass of the first negative electrode mix layer to that of the second negative electrode mix layer is 95:5 to 80:20.

Abstract: A method is provided for making test structures suitable for characterizing and calibrating semiconductor metrology equipment. The test structure may include patterned chromium features that protrude vertically from a thin-film gold surface deposited onto a fused silica substrate.

Abstract: An actinic ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition forms a pattern having excellent LWR performance. A resist film, pattern forming method, and method for manufacturing an electronic device employ the composition. The composition includes an acid-decomposable resin including a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group in which an acid group having a pKa of 13 or less is protected by an acid labile leaving group, and one or more compounds (PAGs) that generate an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, selected from a compound (I) and a compound (II). The content of the acid-decomposable resin is 10% by mass or more and that of the PAGs is 10% by mass or more with respect to the total solids content. The acid-decomposable resin has a halogen atom in a repeating unit other than a repeating unit having a group that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation.

Abstract: This separator for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprises a porous substrate, a heat-resistant layer that is formed on the porous substrate, and clusters of filler particles that are present in dot shapes on the surface of the heat-resistant layer. The filler particles are particles of a compound including at least one of phosphorus, silicon, boron, nitrogen, potassium, sodium, and bromine, and the transformation point at which the filler particles transform from a solid phase to a liquid phase or thermally decompose is in the range 180° C.-1000° C. This separator electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery can suppress heat production of the battery during a nail puncture test, while also suppressing an increase in battery resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a separator formed by hydrolysis of a resin film. The resin film comprises a non-hydrolyzable organic polymer; and a hydrolyzable organic polymer being hydrolyzable by treatment with at least one of an acid aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution and pure water, wherein the content of the hydrolyzable organic polymer ranges from 10 parts by weight to 70 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the resin film. The separator of the present invention has good ion conductivity and thus, is extremely suitable for use in various types of batteries.

Abstract: Provided is an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition with which a pattern having a good shape can be obtained. Also provided is a resist film, a pattern forming method, and a method for manufacturing an electronic device, each relating to the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition. Also provided is a compound which can be suitably used in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition. The actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition of an embodiment of the present invention includes a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, an acid-decomposable resin having a weight-average molecular weight of 30,000 or less, and a solvent, and the compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation includes a compound (I).

Abstract: A unit cell including a thermochromic polymer and a defect detection method using the same are disclosed. Preferably, the unit cell includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the separator includes a thermochromic polymer configured such that the color of the thermochromic polymer changes depending on temperature, whereby the unit cell is easily checked to indicate a short circuit, as well as damage to or defects of the separator.

Abstract: A carboxylate represented by formula (I), a resin comprising a structural unit derived from the carboxylate represented by formula (I), a resit composition comprising the carboxylate represented by formula (I) or a resin comprising a structural unit derived from the carboxylate represented by formula (I).

Abstract: Disclosed are a polymer, a solid-state electrolyte including the polymer, a gel electrolyte, and a battery. The polymer includes a repeating unit A. The repeating unit A has a structure represented by Formula 1. In Formula 1, R1 is selected from H or C1-6 alkyl; R2 is a linking group; R3 is an end-capping group; M is selected from a borate chain segment, an aluminate chain segment, or a phosphate chain segment; and * denotes a linking end. The solid-state electrolyte including the polymer in the present disclosure or the battery including the gel electrolyte has a lower internal resistance, better transmission performance of ions, better cycle performance, a broader electrochemical window, and higher electrochemical stability.

Abstract: A salt represented by formula (I), a resin comprising a structural unit derived from the salt represented by formula (I), a resist composition comprising the salt represented by formula (I) or a resin comprising a structural unit derived from the salt represented by formula (I).

Abstract: A method of forming a pattern, the method comprising: providing a photoresist underlayer over a substrate; forming a photoresist layer over the photoresist underlayer; patterning the photoresist layer; and transferring a pattern from the patterned photoresist layer to the photoresist underlayer; wherein the photoresist underlayer is formed from a composition comprising a solvent and a compound represented by Formula 1 or a polymer having a repeating unit represented by Formula 2 wherein in Formulae 1 and 2: Ar1 and Ar2 independently represent an aromatic group; and Y1, Y2, X1, X2, X3, T1, T2, Z1, and Z2 are as defined.

Abstract: A resist composition which generates an acid when the resist composition is exposed and whose solubility with respect to a developing liquid varies by action of the acid. The resist composition contains a base material component whose solubility with respect to a developing liquid is varied by action of an acid and an acid generator component that generates an acid when the acid generator component is exposed. The base material component contains a polymer compound that includes a constituent represented by a general formula (a-1) described in the specification and a constituent (a2) represented by a general formula (a-2) described in the specification. The acid generator component contains a compound represented by a general formula (b1) described in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition with which a pattern having excellent LWR performance can be obtained, a resist film, a pattern forming method, a method for manufacturing an electronic device, a compound, and a method for producing the compound. The actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition of an embodiment of the present invention is an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition including a resin having a repeating unit having a group having a polarity that increases through decomposition by the action of an acid, in which the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition further includes, in addition to the resin, a compound having at least one cation represented by General Formula (1), or the resin further has, in addition to the repeating unit, a repeating unit having the cation represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: Disclosed are a negative electrode plate and use thereof. For the negative electrode plate provided in the present disclosure, a negative electrode active layer is coated with a safety function layer containing metal and ceramic, which effectively improve an electrode potential of a negative electrode and a nucleation energy barrier of metal lithium of a lithium-ion battery in a charging process at a low temperature and a high rate, thereby avoiding occurrence of a lithium precipitation phenomenon at the negative electrode. Because of good heat insulation performance of the ceramic, occurrence of a thermal runaway phenomenon in a nail penetration test may be effectively avoided, and safety performance of the battery may be improved. When the negative electrode plate is applied to the lithium-ion battery, the obtained lithium-ion battery has advantages of good cycling performance and high security.