Abstract: The disclosure relates to new crystalline forms of genistein. The disclosed crystalline forms include crystalline genistein sodium salt dihydrate; crystalline genistein potassium salt dihydrate; crystalline genistein calcium salt; crystalline genistein magnesium salt; crystalline genistein L-lysine salt; crystalline genistein N-methylglucamine salt; crystalline genistein N-ethylglucamine salt; crystalline genistein diethylamine salt; and crystalline genistein monohydrate. The disclosure also relates to the novel genistein salts represented by these crystalline forms. Therapeutic compositions containing at least one of these crystalline forms of genistein and/or a genistein salt and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are described.

Abstract: Organophosphorus compounds, catalytic systems comprising a metallic element forming a complex with the organophosphorus compounds and methods of hydrocyanation and of hydroformylation employed in the presence of the catalytic systems are described.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which inhibit the activity of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, compositions containing the compounds and methods of treating diseases during which is expressed anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein.

Abstract: An epoxy group-containing a fluorene compound has a methallyl group at the end thereof and is represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. The compound gives a compound excellent in regioselectivity at the time of hydrosilylation with a Si—H containing organosilicon compound, with a less formed amount of an internally added ? adduct, as compared with the conventionally known fluorene compound having an allyl group, so that heat resistance of the resulting organosilicon compound is expected to be improved whereby it is a useful compound.

Abstract: This present disclosure is related to the field of N1-sulfonyl-5-fluoropyrimidinones and their derivatives and to the use of these compounds as fungicides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of synthesizing a low colored furan-2,5-dicarboxylate derivative plasticizer by utilizing purified FDCA (pFDCA), which has very low level 5-formyl furan-2-carboxyic acid (FFCA) and very low level colored bodies, and an alcohol.

Abstract: The invention relates to medicine and can be used for treating liver lesions caused by chemical or biological agents. The drug for treating liver lesions caused by chemical or biological agents is embodied as 1-(4-bromophenyl)-6-hydroxy-5-nitroso-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2.4-dione: (I), or salts thereof having the general formula: (II), where X is selected from Na+, K+, Li+, NH4+, NH2CONH3+ or another pharmacologically acceptable cation. The effectiveness of the preparation in treating liver diseases of different etiologies is increased.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for extracting, purifying and isolating cyclopamine from cyclopamine-containing biomass comprising the steps of contacting cyclopamine-containing organic matter with an extractant (e.g., aqueous extractant) capable of extracting cyclopamine, separating the extracted organic matter from the cyclopamine/extract solution, concentrating the cyclopamine/extract solution leaving a concentrated aqueous solution, contacting the concentrated aqueous solution with an organic extractant capable of selectively extracting cyclopamine from the aqueous phase, concentrating the cyclopamine-containing organic phase, providing an enriched extract containing cyclopamine, separating cyclopamine from the enriched extract using column chromatography, providing at least one fraction containing cyclopamine, and crystallizing select chromatography fractions to provide purified cyclopamine.

Abstract: Improved synthetic methods for the production of thaxtomin analogs, particularly thaxtomin A, and intermediates therefore such as substituted tryptophans and in particular, 4-nitro-L-tryptophan, and substituted phenyl acrylic acids are disclosed. Bioassays show that the synthetic thaxtomin A is not significantly different from the natural one in herbicidal activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 1,3,5-trioxane using a distillation tower including a reactor, a distillation section, and an extraction section. Particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preparing 1,3,5-trioxane, in which the water phase separated from the stream discharged through the extraction unit of the reaction distillation tower is used in the process of extracting 1,3,5-trioxane.

Abstract: The invention relates to fungicides and can be used for treating diseases caused by fungi, and also for preventing damage to various materials and agricultural products by fungi. The fungicide is a 2,4-dioxo-5-(2-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorobenzylidiene)amino-1,3-pyrimidine salt of general formula: (A) or a dimer thereof: (B), where X is selected from the series consisting of: Na+, K+, Li+ and NH4+. An effective preparation having anti-fungal activity with a broad spectrum of action is created.

Abstract: Disclosed are substituted 2-oxaspiro[5.5]undec-8-ene derivatives of formula (I) and their use as odorants. This disclosure relates furthermore to a method of their production and flavor and fragrance compositions comprising them.

Abstract: Process for preparing piperazine of the formula I by reacting diethanolamine (DEOA) of the formula II with ammonia in the presence of hydrogen and a supported, metal-containing catalyst has been found, wherein the catalytically active mass of the catalyst, prior to its reduction with hydrogen, comprises oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum, copper, nickel and cobalt and in the range from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of tin, calculated as SnO, and the reaction is carried out in the liquid phase at an absolute pressure in the range from 160 to 220 bar, a temperature in the range from 180 to 220° C., using ammonia in a molar ratio to DEOA used of from 5 to 25 and in the presence of 0.2 to 9.0% by weight of hydrogen, based on the total amount of DEOA used and ammonia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing 1,3,5-trioxane using a reaction distillation tower including a reactor and integrally formed distillation and extraction sections. Particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preparing 1,3,5-trioxane characterized in that the amount of formaldehyde discharged to the outside of the system is reduced, to thereby increase the yield of 1,3,5-trioxane by recirculating a portion of the water phase, which is discharged through the top of the reaction extraction tower, to the extraction section, and thus to the upper portion of the extractor supply stream which supplies extractant to the extraction section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of pemetrexed diethyl ester 2 by purifying the mixture obtainable by reacting compounds 1 and 1a in the presence of a chemical agent capable of promoting the formation of a peptide bond in an aprotic organic solvent characterized in that the mixture is subjected to the following steps: a) washing with a basic aqueous solution; b) concentration of the organic phase; c) addition of a polar organic solvent and/or a mixture of polar organic solvents; d) precipitation of the pemetrexed diethyl ester 2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of nebivolol and, more particularly, to an improved process of synthesizing an alpha-haloketone of formula a key intermediate in the preparation of nebivolol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst complex or ligand, and compositions thereof, for use in a variety of organic reactions having high reactivity and enantioselectivity. The catalyst is a N-heterocyclic carbene having three fused rings with first and second rings being six-membered rings and the third being a five-membered ring. The first ring is fused to the second and has four substituents. The second ring has two nitrogens flanking a carbene atom with one nitrogen bound to a substituent. The carbene atom may optionally be bonded to a metal. The third ring is fused to the second ring and contains two nitrogens. The third ring of the catalyst has a double bond and two substituents on adjacent non-fused carbons. A non-fused nitrogen of the third ring is partially bonded to another substituent. Methods for the synthesis and use of the catalyst embodiments of the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: A method to produce levulinic acid (LA) and gamma-valerolactone (GVL) from biomass-derived cellulose or lignocellulose by selective extraction of LA using GVL and optionally converting the LA so isolated into GVL, with no purifications steps required to yield the GVL.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, compositions containing the compounds, and methods for the treatment of cancer in a cancer patient. In particular, the compounds are made by a process comprising treating a first compound represented by either Formula G? or Formula M?: with a second compound of generalized formula R8R9C(OCH3)2 and an acid selected from the group consisting of camphor sulfonic acid (CSA), p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA), hydrochloric acid (HCl) and acetic acid (AcOH), wherein R1 and R2 are each selected from H, an alkyl group, an olefinic group, an aromatic group, an O-alkyl group, an O-olefinic group, or an O-aromatic group; R7 is an alkyl group, an olefinic group, or an aromatic group; P1 is a hydroxyl protecting group; P5 is H or an acid labile protecting group at the 7-O position; R8 is H, alkyl group, olefinic or aromatic group; and R9 is: H, alkyl group, olefinic or aromatic or is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to prodrugs of compounds containing 1,3-dioxane moiety, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and the use of the compounds and compositions for the modulation of thromboxane A2 or a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor. The prodrugs of the compounds, analogs, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions can be used in the treatment and prevention of cancer.