Abstract: A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a phosphate salt. The phosphate salt may include diammonium phosphate, diammonium orthophosphate, monoammonium phosphate, monoammonium orthophosphate, monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, disodium phosphate hydrate, sodium ammonium phosphate, sodium ammonium phosphate hydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, or dipotassium phosphate, and combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include an ammonium source. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for producing graphene-semiconductor nanowire hybrid material, comprising: (A) preparing a catalyst metal-coated mixture mass, which includes mixing graphene sheets with micron or sub-micron scaled semiconductor particles to form a mixture and depositing a nano-scaled catalytic metal onto surfaces of the graphene sheets and/or semiconductor particles; and (B) exposing the catalyst metal-coated mixture mass to a high temperature environment (preferably from 100° C. to 2,500° C.) for a period of time sufficient to enable a catalytic metal-catalyzed growth of multiple semiconductor nanowires using the semiconductor particles as a feed material to form the graphene-semiconductor nanowire hybrid material composition. An optional etching or separating procedure may be conducted to remove catalytic metal or graphene from the semiconductor nanowires.

Abstract: A method of forming an improved calcined lithium metal oxide is provided wherein the metal comprises at least one of nickel, manganese and cobalt. The method comprises forming a first solution in a first reactor wherein the first solution comprises at least one first salt of at least one of lithium, nickel, manganese or cobalt in a first solvent. A second solution is formed wherein the second solution comprises a second salt of at least one of lithium, nickel, manganese or cobalt in a second solvent wherein the second salt is not present in the first solution. A gas in introduced into said first solution to form a gas saturated first solution. A second solution is added to the gas saturated first solution without bubbling to form a lithium metal salt. The lithium metal salt dried and calcined to form the calcined lithium metal oxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides the compound LiMn2--x-yNaxMyO4/Na1-zMnLizMtO2/Na2CO3, to be used as a positive electrode for rechargeable lithium ion battery, where M is a metal or metalloid, 0.0?x?0.5; 0.0?y?0.5; 0.1?z?0.5; 0.0?t?0.3; as well as the method for producing it. The synthesis process includes disolving or mixing the precursor metals and then calcining them in air or controlled atmosphere in a temperature range between 250° C. and 1000° C., and for a time range of 0.5 h to 72 h to obtain the composite proposed with the interaction of its three present phases, presenting a high retention capacity during repeated loading/unloading cycles and excellent discharge capacity both at room temperature and up to 55° C.

Abstract: This invention provides a composition comprising I. at least one reaction product between a nitrogen-free monohydric alcohol and an aldehyde or ketone, and II. at least one reaction product between a monosaccharide having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and/or an oligosaccharide being formed by oligomerization of monosaccharides having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and an aldehyde or ketone, and optionally III. at least one reaction product from III.a) formaldehyde, and III.b) an amine, selected from the group consisting of primary alkyl amines having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and primary hydroxy alkyl amines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and optionally IV. at least one solid suppression agent selected from the group consisting of IV(a). alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides IV(b). mono-, di- or tri-hydroxy alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl amines, IV(c). mono-, di- or tri-alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl primary, secondary and tertiary amines or IV(d). multifunctional amines and IV(e). mixtures of compounds of groups IV(a) to IV(c).

Abstract: A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a halide salt, a non-halide salt, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a sulfate salt, or combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include at least one anhydrous salt and at least one hydrate salt. The sulfate salt may be magnesium sulfate. The magnesium sulfate hydrate has a formula MgSO4(H2O)x, where x is about 1 to about 11. For example, x may be equal to at least one of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 or 11. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.

Abstract: A substrate includes a double-network polymer system including a cross-linked, covalently-bonded polymer and a reversible, partially ionicly-bonded polymer, wherein the substrate has a moisture level less than or equal to 15 percent of the total weight of the substrate, wherein the substrate is porous, and wherein the substrate includes a latent retractive force. A method for manufacturing a substrate includes producing a double-network hydrogel including a cross-linked, covalently-bonded polymer and a reversible, ionicly-bonded polymer; elongating by force the double-network hydrogel in at least one direction; treating the double-network hydrogel with an organic solvent with a volatile and water-miscible organic solvent to replace a majority of water within the double-network hydrogel; evaporating the organic solvent while the double-network hydrogel is still elongated to form a substantially-dried double-network polymer system; and releasing the force to produce the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode active material that has a large charge discharge capacity, a high initial efficiency, as well as excellent cycle characteristics and rate characteristics and is favorably used in a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. An organo sulfur-based electrode active material contains sodium and potassium in a total amount of 100 ppm by mass to 1000 ppm by mass; an electrode for use in a secondary battery, the electrode containing the organo sulfur-based electrode active material as an electrode active material; and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the electrode. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material further contains iron in an amount of 1 ppm by mass to 20 ppm by mass. Preferably, the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile, and the amount of sulfur in the organo sulfur-based electrode active material is 25 mass % to 60 mass %.

Abstract: As a novel vinylidene fluoride polymer and its use, provided are a binder composition, an electrode mixture, an electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including the vinylidene fluoride containing the vinylidene fluoride polymer. The vinylidene fluoride polymer includes a first structural unit derived from vinylidene fluoride and a second structural unit derived from a monomer other than vinylidene fluoride. The monomer to be the second structural unit is a primary amine, a secondary amine, or a tertiary amine having at least one of a hydroxyl group and a carboxyl group, and the content of the second structural unit is from 0.05 to 20 mol % when the total of structural units derived from all the monomers constituting the vinylidene fluoride polymer is 100 mol %.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, compositions, reagents, systems, and kits to prepare materials with viscoelastic properties that respond to irradiation with light. Various embodiments show that bio-inspired histidine:transition metal ion complexes allow precise and tunable control over the viscoelastic properties of polymer networks containing these types of crosslinks pre and post-irradiation. These materials have the potential to aid biomedical materials scientists in the development of materials with specific stress-relaxing or energy-dissipating properties.

Abstract: A sealing member according to the present invention is a sealing member against a synthetic oil containing an ester-type additive, and includes 95.0% by mass or more and 99.5% by mass or less of a para-phenylene diisocyanate-based polyurethane and 0.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less of a same compound as the ester-based additive. The sealing member according to the present invention has a smaller friction coefficient and more excellent deformability than conventional sealing members and that can inhibit swelling caused by a synthetic oil.

Abstract: A method of making a lithiated silicon-based precursor material for a negative electrode material of an electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions is provided. An admixture comprising a plurality of lithium particles and a plurality of silicon particles is briquetted by applying pressure of greater than or equal to about 10 MPa and applying heat at a temperature of less than or equal to about 180° C. to form a precursor briquette. The briquette has lithium particles and silicon particles distributed in a matrix and has a porosity level of less than or equal to about 60% of the total volume of the precursor briquette. The briquetting is conducted in an environment having less than or equal to about 0.002% by weight of any oxygen-bearing species or nitrogen (N2).

Abstract: A negative electrode slurry and a method of preparing the same. The negative electrode slurry includes lithium titanium oxide (LTO), a carboxylic acid-containing polymer dispersant, a binder, and an aqueous solvent. The carboxylic acid-containing polymer dispersant has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 2,500 g/mol to 500,000 g/mol and is present in an amount of 1.5 parts by weight to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the lithium titanium oxide.

Abstract: Provided are semiconductor particles including a Group 12-16 semiconductor including a Group 12 element and a Group 16 element, a Group 13-15 semiconductor including a Group 13 element and a Group 15 element, or a Group 14 semiconductor including a Group 14 element, the semiconductor particles having a plasma frequency of 1.7×1014 rad/s to 4.7×1014 rad/s and a maximum length of 1 nm to 2,000 nm; and a dispersion, a film, an optical filter, a building member, or a radiant cooling device, in all of which the semiconductor particles are used.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a preparation method of a super absorbent polymer containing a novel cross-linking agent compound. The preparation method of a super absorbent polymer of the present disclosure can provide a super absorbent polymer exhibiting excellent absorption properties and an excellent deodorizing effect by including a cross-linking agent with a novel structure. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, since a separate additive for a deodorizing property is not required, processability and economic efficiency of the manufacturing process can be improved.

Abstract: The process of making a lithium ion battery cathode comprises the step of forming a slurry of an active material, a nano-size conductive agent, a binder polymer, a solvent and a dispersant. The solvent consists essentially of one or more of a compound of Formula 1, 2, or 3, and the dispersant comprises an ethyl cellulose.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyurethane polymer comprises the steps of: (a) providing a polyol composition, the polyol composition comprising (i) a polyol, (ii) a polyethylenimine compound; and (iii) a bisulfite compound, (b) providing an isocyanate compound; (c) providing a catalyst; (d) combining and reacting the polyol composition, the isocyanate compound, and the catalyst to produce a polyurethane polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides: an electrode mixture manufacturing method comprising the processes of introducing a first binder, an electrode active material, and a conductive material into an extruder, performing a first mixing of the first binder, the electrode active material, and the conductive material in the extruder, additionally introducing a second binder into the extruder and performing a second mixing, and yielding an electrode mixture resulting from the first mixing and the second mixing; an electrode mixture manufactured thereby; and an electrode manufacturing method using the electrode mixture.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems are provided for using laser ablation to manufacture nanoparticles. An example method includes steps of generating, by a laser beam generator, a laser beam, splitting, by a set of beam splitters, the laser beam into a plurality of derivative laser beams, and directing each derivative laser beam towards a plurality of targets. In this example method, the plurality of targets are submerged in corresponding synthesis solvents within corresponding synthesis chambers. Moreover, interaction of each derivative laser beam with its corresponding target releases nanoparticles into the corresponding synthesis solvent to create a nanoparticle solution including both the corresponding synthesis solvent and the released nanoparticles.

Abstract: The production method is a method for producing a positive electrode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery which contains at least nickel and lithium, the method including: a firing process in which a mixture of a nickel compound powder and a lithium compound powder is fired; and a water washing process in which a lithium-nickel composite oxide powder obtained in the firing process is washed with water, wherein the firing process is performed under conditions such that a value obtained by dividing a ratio of an amount-of-substance of lithium to a total amount-of-substance of transition metals other than lithium in the lithium-nickel composite oxide powder after the washing with water by a ratio of an amount-of-substance of lithium to a total amount-of-substance of transition metals other than lithium in the lithium-nickel composite oxide powder before the washing with water exceeds 0.95.