Abstract: An imaging directional backlight apparatus including a waveguide, a light source array, for providing large area directed illumination from localized light sources. The waveguide may include a stepped structure, in which the steps may further include extraction features optically hidden to guided light, propagating in a first forward direction. Returning light propagating in a second backward direction may be refracted, diffracted, or reflected by the features to provide discrete illumination beams exiting from the top surface of the waveguide. Retarder stack arrangements are provided to reduce the display visibility to snoopers located in polar viewing regions of the display while achieving minimal reduction of head-on luminance. Further visibility of light reflections from automotive windscreens may be reduced.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an optical system and to a method for operating an optical system, wherein the optical system includes at least one carrier having at least one optical element, a movement bearing element for supporting the carrier during a movement, at least one first bearing element and at least one further bearing element for statically supporting the carrier, wherein the carrier includes corresponding bearing elements for providing static support, wherein the optical system includes a first and a further end stop element, wherein the carrier is supported movably between the end stop elements, wherein the first end stop element has or forms the first bearing element for providing static support and the further end stop element has or forms the further bearing element for providing static support, wherein the bearing elements define the stop poses of the carrier with repetition accuracy.

Abstract: An electronic device including a substrate, a signal line, and a spacer is provided. The signal line is disposed on the substrate and includes at least one curve segment. The spacer is disposed on the substrate and is disposed corresponding to the at least one curve segment.

Abstract: A display device according to an embodiment may include a first substrate including an array of pixels, a second substrate coupled to the first substrate, and a sealing member between the first substrate and the second substrate. The second substrate may include a base substrate including a display area overlapping the array of pixels and a peripheral area around the display area; a first compensation structure in the peripheral area, on the base substrate, at least partially overlapping the sealing member, and including an organic material; a second compensation structure in the peripheral area, on the base substrate, spaced apart from the first compensation structure, at least partially overlapping the sealing member, and including the same material as that of the first compensation structure, and a first capping layer covering the first and second compensation structures and including an inorganic material.

Abstract: An optical scanning device includes a reflector, a rotator, a first torsion beam and a second torsion beam, a first support part, a second support part, a first elastic layer, and a second elastic layer. The first elastic layer is superposed on the first torsion beam. The second elastic layer is superposed on the second torsion beam. A vertical dimension of an active layer is smaller than a horizontal dimension of the active layer in a cross section orthogonal to a direction in which the rotator is interposed between the first torsion beam and the second torsion beam. A material of the first elastic layer and the second elastic layer is higher in fatigue life than metal.

Abstract: An electronic device including a panel is provided. The panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a medium layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a sealant disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and surrounding the medium layer, a plurality of first electrodes disposed between the first substrate and the medium layer, and a plurality of connecting lines disposed between the second substrate and the first electrodes. The sealant includes a plurality of conductive particles. The first electrodes are electrically connected to the connection lines through the conductive particles. There is a first space S1 between two adjacent connecting lines of the connecting lines. One of the conductive particles has a width of W. The first space S1 and the width W conform to the following formula: 3?S1/W?20.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a display panel including a first surface on which an image is displayed, a second surface opposite to the first surface, display pixels interposed between the first surface and the second surface, and a transmitting window interposed between the first surface and the second surface. The illumination device further includes a light source disposed on a side of the second surface of the display panel, and emitting light toward the second surface, and a light transmitter interposed between the light source and the display panel, and transmitting the emitted light to the transmitting window, the transmitted light being incident on the second surface of the display panel and being transmitted through the transmitting window toward the first surface of the display panel. The illumination device further includes a diffuser diffusing the light transmitted through the transmitting window.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator and a liquid-crystal module are provided. The spatial light modulator includes a first liquid-crystal module and a second liquid-crystal module that are arranged opposite to each other. The first liquid-crystal module includes a first array substrate, a first color filter substrate, and a plurality of first spacers disposed therebetween. The second liquid-crystal module includes a second array substrate, a second color filter substrate, and a plurality of second spacers disposed therebetween. The first array substrate, the first color filter substrate, the second color filter substrate, and the second array substrate are stacked sequentially.

Abstract: A glass product having a glass piece, an adhesive layer, and a switchable film having variable light transmission sequentially including: a first base layer, a first electrode, a functional layer, a second base layer, and a second electrode. The second base layer is positioned between the functional layer and the second electrode.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display element including an emission area, a thin-film encapsulation layer disposed on the display element, a first insulating layer disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer, the first insulating layer including an opening that corresponds to the emission area, and a refraction area defined by the opening and including an organic material, and a second insulating layer disposed on the first insulating layer, filling the refraction area, and having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the first insulating layer, wherein the display element includes a first display element and a second display element, and the refraction area has a circular shape or an elliptical shape in a plan view and includes a first refraction area corresponding to the first display element and a second refraction area corresponding to the second display element.

Abstract: A photographing lens system includes, in order from an object side to an image side along an optical path, a front lens group and a rear lens group. The front lens group includes four lens elements. The rear lens group includes four lens elements. A second lens element counted from the image side in the front lens group has negative refractive power. An image-side surface of a first lens element counted from the image side in the front lens group is convex in a paraxial region thereof. A second lens element counted from the object side in the rear lens group has negative refractive power. An object-side surface of a first lens element counted from the image side in the rear lens group is concave in a paraxial region thereof. At least one lens element in the rear lens group has at least one lens surface being aspheric.

Abstract: A display substrate is provided, including: a base substrate; a plurality of sub-pixels arranged on the base substrate in an array in a row direction and a column direction; a plurality of post spacers arranged at intervals on the base substrate, wherein the plurality of post spacers include at least one main post spacer and a plurality of sub post spacers, and each main post spacer has a height greater than that of each sub post spacer. Each sub-pixel has at most one post spacer provided therein, the plurality of sub-pixels include a main sub-pixel provided with the main post spacer and a sub sub-pixel provided with the sub post spacer, and the plurality of sub-pixels further include at least one mark sub-pixel adjacent to the main sub-pixel in the row direction or the column direction, the at least one mark sub-pixel is provided with no post spacer.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are provided, and relate to the field of displaying. The display panel includes a display area and a peripheral area located at a periphery of the display area. The peripheral area includes a package region and an UDC region located between the display area and the package region. The display panel further includes a transition area surrounding the UDC region, and an opposite substrate and an array substrate arranged opposite to each other. In the UDC region, the opposite substrate and the array substrate are both light-transmissible areas; in the transition area, at least one spacer ring surrounding the UDC region is arranged on the opposite substrate, and each spacer ring includes a plurality of spacers that are spaced apart from each other. The technical solutions of the present disclosure can implement UDCs for the medium-sized display product and the large-sized display product.

Abstract: Provided is a display device having a thin profile and a high light use efficiency and a head-mounted display including the display device. The display device includes a display panel; a circular polarizer configured to convert display light from the display panel into circularly polarized light and to transmit the circularly polarized light; a patterning mirror including light transmitters and a light reflector, the light transmitters being configured to transmit the circularly polarized light and the light reflector being provided on a surface opposite to a surface facing the circular polarizer; a lens configured to transmit the circularly polarized light transmitted through the patterning mirror; and a circularly polarized light selective reflector configured to selectively reflect the circularly polarized light transmitted through the lens.

Abstract: A circuit board for a light-emitting diode assembly according to an embodiment includes a substrate layer, dimming zones formed on one surface of the substrate layer, each of the dimming zones comprising a predetermined number of LED landing pads, and a wiring bundle disposed between the dimming zones neighboring in a row direction to extend in a column direction, the wiring bundle including wirings connected to the LED landing pads at the same level.

Abstract: An antireflective switchable laminated glass construction having a switchable functional film formed of a switchable material layer, a first polymer substrate with a first transparent conductive coating, and a second polymer substrate with a second transparent conductive coating. The switchable functional film is sandwiched between first adhesive polymer interlayer and glass substrate and second adhesive polymer interlayer and glass substrate. The switchable laminated glass construction in an ON (transparent) state has a total light transmittance higher than 50% and a reflectance equal to or less than 13%, as measured from at least one side of the switchable laminated glass construction.

Abstract: A wire grid polarizer (WGP) can include an array of support-ribs on a substrate. Sides of the support-ribs can be inclined to one side. A wire can be applied on an upper-side and distal end of each support-rib, each wire being separate from wires on adjacent support-ribs. The WGP can be made with reduced or no etching.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a polarizing plate disposed above the display panel, a support member disposed below the display panel, where a through hole is defined in the support member, an electronic module disposed below the display panel, where the electronic module overlaps the through hole, and a protective layer disposed above the polarizing plate. The protective layer has a thickness direction retardation of greater than about 0 nm and not greater than about 1,500 nm and an in-plane retardation of greater than about 0 nm and not greater than about 200 nm.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes: a first substrate structure and a second substrate structure. The first substrate structure has first overlapping region, first two protruding regions, a second overlapping region, second two protruding regions, and third two protruding regions. One of the first overlapping region and the second overlapping region is located between the third two protruding regions. The second substrate structure is disposed opposite to the first substrate structure and includes a main spacer and a sub spacer. The main spacer overlaps the first overlapping region of the first substrate structure. The sub spacer overlaps the second overlapping region of the first substrate structure. The first overlapping region is located between the first two protruding regions, and the second overlapping region is located between the second two protruding regions.

Abstract: The displacement between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate and the cut of an alignment film caused by a columnar spacer are prevented. A liquid crystal display device includes: a TFT substrate including a scanning line extending in a first direction, a picture signal line extending in a second direction, a pixel electrode formed in a region surrounded by the scanning line and the picture signal line, and a common electrode formed as opposed to the pixel electrode through an insulating film; a counter substrate disposed as opposed to the TFT substrate and having a spacer; and a liquid crystal sandwiched between the substrates. A common metal interconnection is formed to cover the picture signal line or the scanning line, and stacked on the common electrode. A through hole is formed on the common metal interconnection. The tip end of the spacer is disposed inside the through hole.