Abstract: A signal outputting device of optical ruler is disclosed. It includes a first guide seat formed with an internal axial chamber for receiving a reflecting plate therein, a second guide seat including a slide block axially movable within the chamber and a resilient lever having a fixed end disposed on the slide block, and a sensor disposed on outer side of the slide block. An inner side of the sensor abuts against a free end of the resilient lever. The slide block is disposed with two first stopper sections spaced from each other by a certain distance. The sensor is positioned between the first stopper sections. A section of the sensor, which contacts with the free end of the resilient lever, is formed with a guide channel axially parallel to the moving direction of the slide block. In the case of change of the distance between the first and second guide seats, the accuracy of the optical ruler for measuring length will not be affected.

Abstract: A UV resin is set between a surface of a substrate having a wiring pattern formed thereon and a flat surface of a mold plate, and the resultant structure is inserted between a pair of rollers and pressed to join the substrate to the mold plate. After the UV resin is cured, the mold plate is separated, thereby manufacturing a buried wiring substrate as a liquid crystal display device substrate.

Abstract: There are disclosed various types of TFT active matrix liquid crystal display devices in which a pixel is divided into three parts, a capacitor is added to each pixel, light shielding is applied to each TFT, and the matrix is driven by a DC cancelling technique.

Abstract: An upper case 1 and a lower case 2 are fixed by no screw, so that assemblage workability is improved. An electric appliance can be divided into plastic upper case 1, metal-plate-made lower case 2, and logic package 9 having print substrates. As a result, the electric appliance is easy to waste.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal device of a cell structure having a suppressed increase of cell thickness along a cell side is constituted by disposing a ferroelectric liquid crystal between a pair of electrode plates each sequentially provided with an electrode, an insulating film and an alignment film on a substrate. The alignment film is provided with a surface unevenness for suppressing a liquid crystal movement causing the increase in cell thickness. The surface unevenness is provided to the alignment film directly or to the insulating film below the alignment film, e.g., by wet forming the relevant film by using at least two solvents having different boiling points or dispersing fine particles within the relevant film, optionally followed by removal of the fine particles.

Abstract: A retractable antenna for a communications device includes a housing; an elongated, flexible antenna mast having an inner end and an outer free end; a take-up spool rotatably mounted in the housing, the inner end of the mast secured to the take-up spool; and a connector extending from the housing and adapted to be received in a communications device housing.

Abstract: A scanner for reading encoded indicia having parts of different reflectivity to incident radiation comprises a detector for detecting incident radiation reflected thereto by the indicia, the detector comprising an array of pixels generating output signals indicative of the reflected radiation incident thereon. The array has signal processing circuits therein in electrical communication with the pixels and receiving the pixel output signals and generating signal processing circuit output signals. A decoder decodes the encoding in the indicia by processing selective of the signal processing circuit output signals. Selection of the signal processing circuit output signals may be in accordance with edge definition content thereof.

Abstract: A lead frame module to be incorporated in data carriers is presented which is divided into two areas, namely a central area receiving the sensitive components of the module, and an outer area protruding beyond the edge of the central area and serving to glue the lead frame module to the data carrier. To prevent forces from being transmitted from the outer area of the electronic module to the central area upon bending loads of the data carrier, the outer area is decoupled mechanically from the central area. This can be done for example by providing partial discontinuities including relieving punchings in the transition between the central and outer area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is produced through the steps of: a) disposing a pair of substrates opposite to each other so as to form a cell between the substrates while leaving a first aperture and a second aperture for communication with an exterior and forming an effective optical modulation region between the first and second apertures, b) heating a liquid crystal material for filling the cell, and c) filling the cell with the liquid crystal material by injecting the liquid crystal material through the first aperture under a pressure difference held between the first and second apertures and, after a prescribed period, allowing the liquid crystal material to be discharged out of the second aperture. In the step c), the first aperture, the second aperture and the effective optical modulation region of the cell may preferably receive external pressures P1, P2 and P3, respectively, satisfying P1>P2 and -1 kg.f/cm.sup.2 .ltoreq.P1-P3.ltoreq.0.5 kg.f/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display unit in which at least one of a gate electrode line, a drain electrode line, and a gate electrode and a source/drain electrode of a TFT formed on a substrate is composed of a metal Nb or an alloy material of Nb. Glass is used as the substrate, and the size thereof is preferably 300 mm or longer on one side and 1 mm or less in thickness. In order to provide a low wiring resistance to produce a high resolution and large size TFT panel, the resistivity of the metal Nb or the alloy material thereof is preferably 25 .mu..OMEGA.cm or less, and the film stress of Nb or the alloy material thereof on the glass substrate is 400 MPa or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus integrated with a tablet for preventing the undesired color development due to double refraction of light passing the STN liquid crystal display cell from occurring also in high-temperature environment. An STN liquid crystal display cell and a tablet are arranged between a pair of polarizing plates. A compensating liquid crystal layer for canceling the wavelength scattering due to double refraction of light passing the liquid crystal display cell is arranged between opposing coordinates detecting electrodes of this tablet. In addition, nonconductive spacer particles and conductive particles are mixed in the compensating liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A flat panel display screen apparatus with optical junction and removable backlighting assembly. An optical junction is formed between a permanently housed light source within a display assembly and a removable light pipe when inserted into the display assembly. The optical junction is formed from a reflective film attached along the long axis of the light source and extends past a side of the light source to cover a gap between the light source and the light pipe. Another reflective strip is placed along and extends past an edge of the light pipe to bridge the gap. The reflective material is used to reflect stray light into the light pipe.

Abstract: In an active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus including a plurality of scan bus lines, a plurality of signal bus lines, a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of first thin film transistors, each having a gate connected to one of the scan bus lines, a drain connected to one of the signal bus lines and a source connected to one of the pixel electrodes, and a plurality of optical shield layers each for preventing light from penetrating one of the first thin film transistors, a plurality of second thin film transistors, are provided. Each of the second thin film transistors has a gate connected to one of the scan bus lines, a drain connected to one of the signal bus lines and a source connected to one of the optical shield layers.

Abstract: A portable scanning head emits and receives light from a light-emitting diode to read symbols, such as bar-code symbols. The optics within the scanner are operative for focusing a light beam and the view of a light sensor in different planes exteriorly of a scanner housing. Imaging means are provided in the unit for imaging a viewing window. The viewing window has an area smaller than that of the scan spot. The system can employ an LED as a light source and tolerate the relatively large-sized (on the order of millimeters) scan spot without sacrificing reading performance since the photodiode "sees" only that portion of the scan spot visible through the viewing window.

Abstract: An electro-optical liquid crystal display suitable for displaying highly graded images. A plurality of pixels are arranged in a matrix and supplied with data signals through data lines extending in the column direction. Extending in the row direction are a plurality of addressing lines and a plurality of voltage signal lines. Each row is selected by activating by each of the addressing lines and supplied with a driving voltage from each of the voltage supplying lines.

Abstract: White light projected from a white light source is divided into three light beams of primary colors, i.e., red, green and blue by a dichroic mirror. Three light beams projected from the dichroic mirror are made incident upon a micro-lens array and reflected on and modulated in a liquid crystal panel disposed beneath the micro-lens array. The liquid crystal panel is driven by a driver circuit which supplies color signals to the panel, thereby modulating the light beams in the panel. The modulated light beams are projected from the micro-lens array to a schlieren diaphragm which eliminates scattered light components from the light beams. The light beams then enter into a projection lens and display color images on the screen. Since light beams constituting a picture element consisting of red, green and blue colors are projected from a single micro-lens of the micro-lens array, a color image displayed on the screen has no blur among three primary colors.

Abstract: The Application relates to an illumination system comprising a fluorescent lamp and a broadband, cholesteric polarizer. Such a polarizer contains a layer of a polymeric material having a cholesteric order, which material is ordered in such a way that the axis of the molecular helix extends at right angles to the layer. The broadband character of the polarizer is obtained by causing the pitch of the molecular helix to increase from a minimum value at a first surface of the cholesteric layer to a maximum value at the second surface of the layer. In accordance with the invention, the polarizer should be positioned in the illumination system in such a manner that the cholesteric layer is directed towards the fluorescent lamp with its first surface. In addition, the value of the product p.sub.max.n.sub.e of the maximum value of the pitch in the cholesteric layer p.sub.max and of the extraordinary refractive index n.sub.e must range between 0.61 micron and 0.76 micron.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a substrate; a first metal layer including an aluminum alloy having a first refractory metal with a first melting temperature over the substrate; and a second metal layer including a pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy having a second refractory metal with a second melting temperature lower than the first melting temperature over the first metal layer. The above liquid crystal display device of the present invention prevents the occurrence of hillocks on the aluminum gate metal. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is disclosed including the steps of forming a first metal layer of an aluminum alloy including a refractory metal having a first melting temperature on a substrate; and forming a second metal layer of a pure aluminum or an aluminum alloy including a refractory metal having a second melting temperature lower than the first melting temperature on the first metal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display pattern portion including a plurality of transparent electrodes extending mutually in parallel, a terminal portion including a plurality of lead patterns extending mutually in parallel with a pattern pitch narrower than that among the transparent electrodes, and connection patterns for connecting the transparent electrodes and the lead patterns. The connection patterns consist of first connection patterns leading obliquely from the transparent electrodes to extend mutually in parallel and having a common pattern width, and second connection patterns leading straight from the lead patterns to connect with the first connection patterns at a predetermined angle and having a common pattern width.

Abstract: An application device (401) is connectable with a donor device (541) such as a portable memory card (560) or widely accessible central database (550). The donor device (541) stores and provides preferences to the application device (401). The donor device (541) contains a reference preference memory capable of storing preferences for a particular user. A controller (450) accesses the donor device to obtain preferences that pertain to the particular user under certain conditions and stores preferences obtained from the donor device in the session preference memory (490) of the application device (401) for use in a session by the particular user.