Abstract: A pixel electrode structure including a first electrode and a second electrode is provided. The first electrode has a first stripe electrode extended along a first direction and pleural first branch electrodes connected to the first strip electrode. The first branch electrodes include pleural first branch domain electrodes extended along a second direction and pleural second branch domain electrodes extended along a third direction substantially perpendicular to the second direction. The second electrode has a second stripe electrode extended along the first direction and pleural second branch electrodes connected to the second stripe electrode. The second branch electrodes include pleural third branch domain electrodes extended along the second direction and pleural fourth branch domain electrodes extended along the third direction. The first and the third branch domain electrodes are alternated to each other. The second and the fourth branch domain electrodes are alternated to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an array substrate including gate and data lines crossing each other on a first substrate to define a pixel region, and a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode in the pixel region, a color filter substrate including a black matrix on a second substrate and including an opening corresponding to the pixel region, and a color filter layer filling the opening, and a liquid crystal layer including a first patterned spacer contacting the array substrate and the color filter substrate, and corresponding to the thin film transistor of the array substrate, and a second patterned spacer having a first width along a length direction of the gate line, and a second width along a width direction of the gate line, contacting the color filter substrate and being spaced apart from the array substrate, and corresponding to the gate line.

Abstract: In one aspect, a liquid crystal display device includes a display region formed of plural divided regions in a row direction. First and second driving circuits are arranged to face each other interposing the display region therebetween in the row direction. The first driving circuit is connected with odd scanning lines, and the second driving circuit is connected with the even scanning lines. A channel area of the TFT of the pixels connected to the odd scanning lines is the smallest in the divided region nearest to the first driving circuit and becomes larger gradually in the divided regions distant from the first driving circuit. A channel area of the TFT of the pixels connected to the even scanning lines is the smallest in the divided region nearest to the second driving circuit and becomes larger gradually in the divided regions with distant from the second driving circuit.

Abstract: To provide a display device having a high contrast ratio by a simple and easy method and to manufacture a high-performance display device at low cost, in a display device having a display element between a pair of light-transmitting substrates, layers each including a polarizer having different wavelength distribution of extinction coefficient from each other with respect to the absorption axes are stacked and provided on an outer side of the light-transmitting substrates. Further, a retardation plate may be provided between the stacked polarizers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel including a first substrate, scan lines extending along a first direction, data lines, active devices, pixel electrodes, common electrodes, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer is provided. The pixel electrodes are respectively disposed in sub-pixel regions and coupled to the corresponding active devices. The common electrodes are respectively disposed corresponding to the pixel electrodes. Each common electrode or each pixel electrode includes plural stripe electrodes arranged side by side. Each stripe electrode includes a first section and a second section respectively disposed on two opposite sides of a reference axis, wherein a major axis of the first section forms an included angle with a major axis of the second section. The included angles of the stripe electrodes in each sub-pixel region are gradually varied along the first direction. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A light guide plate for a backlight unit of a liquid crystal display device includes one side surface where light from a first light source is incident; the other side surface opposite to the one side surface; a front surface combining the one and the other one side surfaces; and a rear surface including a plurality of light guide patterns, each of the plurality of light guide patterns including a protruding portion and a groove portion, wherein one of the protruding portion and the groove portion is positioned at a center of the other one of the protruding portion and the groove portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a detecting device of a birefringent lens grating. The detecting device includes a projection pattern disposed adjacent to the birefringent lens grating; an illuminating light source for projecting light onto the projection pattern and the birefringent lens grating; an image capturing device for capturing the light out from the birefringent lens grating and obtaining a projection pattern image of the projection pattern; and a controller for comparing the projection pattern image with a reference to determine a refractive index matching degree of the birefringent lens grating. The present disclosure further provides a detecting method, a manufacture method and a manufacture device of the birefringent lens grating.

Abstract: A backlight unit is provided. The backlight unit includes: a mold frame having a predetermined receiving space formed therein; a light guide plate disposed in the receiving space of the mold frame, and having an inclined surface formed on one side of the top surface so as to be inclined toward the inner side; a light source disposed between the light guide plate and the mold frame to emit light to the light guide plate; and a flexible printed circuit board, on which the light source is mounted, and which is supported in contact with the top surface of the light guide plate, wherein a stepped portion is formed on one end of the light guide plate, including a flat adhesion surface positioned at a height lower than one end face of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composite optical retarder is provided. A first and a second liquid crystal coating materials are respectively disposed on opposite surfaces of a photoalignment film to respectively form a first and a second optical retarders. The composite optical retarder having the photoalignment film sandwiched by the first and the second optical retarders is thus obtained.

Abstract: The color filter may include a pixel unit having a plurality of sub-pixels of different colors, wherein the plurality of sub-pixels respectively include flat plate metal layers and a plurality of color PDLC layers on the flat plate metal layers, and the plurality of color PDLC layers each include a polymer, a plurality of liquid crystal drops dispersed in the polymer, and a plurality of color display materials mixed in the liquid crystal drops.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device which is a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal alignment film to which an alignment regulating force is imparted by a photo-alignment treatment, including: a film forming step of forming a film containing a polymer whose main chain is cleaved by irradiation with light; a photo-alignment step of imparting an alignment regulating force to the film formed in the film forming step by irradiation of the film with light in an atmosphere of a temperature lower than 100° C.; and a removing step of removing a low-molecular weight component generated by cleaving the main chain of the polymer through the light irradiation after the light irradiation. Also disclosed is a liquid crystal display device manufactured by the manufacturing method.

Abstract: An IPS mode LCD device is disclosed in which a common voltage drop and delay is decreased. The LCD includes gate and data lines crossing each other to define pixel regions. Thin film transistors are formed at crossing portions of the gate and data lines. Common lines are parallel with the gate lines and common electrodes project from the common lines parallel with the data lines. Pixel electrodes connected with drain electrodes of the thin film transistors are formed in the pixel regions between the parallel common electrodes. A first common voltage supplying line applies a first common voltage or a second common voltage to a closed circuit formed by grouping the adjacent odd numbered common lines. A second common voltage supplying line applies the second common voltage or the first common voltage to a closed circuit formed by grouping the adjacent even numbered common lines.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a first and a second substrates which are oppositely configured, and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, the first substrate comprising a transparent substrate and a plurality of scanning lines and data lines formed on the transparent substrate, the plurality of scanning lines and data lines crosswise defining a plurality of pixel regions. Each pixel region comprises at least two electrode groups and a third transparent electrode provided between the two adjacent electrode groups, each electrode group comprising a first and a second transparent electrodes alternately located on different layers. During operation of the liquid crystal display device, a fringe field is generated between the first and the second transparent electrodes, and a horizontal electric filed is generated between the first and the third transparent electrodes so as to enhance the transmittance of the whole liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device that includes a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between two substrates, one of which includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode, where the electrode that is disposed closer to the liquid crystal layer has a stripe pattern that includes a plurality of slip electrode portions, and each of the plurality of slip electrode portions includes a curved portion at which each of the plurality of the slip electrode portions changes a stretching direction, and where the other electrode has a solid flat shape provided with a plurality of openings at locations that overlap with the curved portions of the plurality of slip electrode portions, the plurality of openings being provided in a manner that makes the opening in one curved portion independent and that allows only a convex outline segment of the slip electrode portion to run through an area of the opening.

Abstract: An optical member comprises a diffusion layer (13) diffusing emitted light from light sources (12), a first light collection layer (15), in which first projecting portions (15a) extending in a Y-direction are arranged at intervals (T1), refracting and collecting incident light from the diffusion layer (13), a first reflection layer (14) having first reflective portions (14a) facing boundaries between the adjacent first projecting portions (15a) and reflecting emitted light from the diffusion layer (13), a second light collection layer (17), in which second projecting portions (17a) extending in an X-direction are arranged at intervals (T2), refracting and collecting incident light from the first light collection layer (15), and a second reflection layer (16) having second reflective portions (16a) facing boundaries between the adjacent second projecting portions (17a) and reflecting emitted light from the first light collection layer (15).

Abstract: A multiple pass write method and a reticle made from the method are described. A reticle preform is provided including a transparent substrate, a metal layer, and a layer of a photoresist material. In a first write pass, a first portion of the photoresist material is exposed by an electron beam device. Then, in a second write pass, a second portion of the photoresist material is exposed. The first exposed portion is smaller or has finer dimensions than the second exposed portion. The exposed portions of photoresist material are removed, and the unexposed portions of photoresist serve as a mask. The uncovered portions of the conductive layer are etched. Further, the unexposed portions of the photoresist material are removed, creating a reticle through a multiple write pass strategy.

Abstract: A source of ions for an analyzer includes a reservoir for containing a liquid and a channel having a first end opening into the reservoir. A nozzle element adjacent a second end of the channel includes a plurality of tips for producing individual droplets from the liquid. The plurality of tips reduces the likelihood that individual droplets will coalesce, increases the overall flow of material or analyte to the mass spectrometer and provides a level of redundancy in the delivery of liquid for producing droplets. The tips also may produce a higher current output and greater signal from the system, as well. With micro-miniaturization, the individual droplets are relatively small, thereby increasing the likelihood that ions would be ejected from the droplet surfaces under the influence of an electric field. Multiple nozzle elements can be used to more selectively deliver fluid droplets to the analyzer, or to increase the overall flow rate of droplets from the reservoir.

Abstract: An emitting capillary discharge light source is modified by means to provide for constant, capillary discharge chamber diameter despite interior surface erosion during operation of the light source in order to maintain capillary bore size. The emissions are generated within the capillary discharge chamber and discharged from its outlet. The emission also carries debris generated from within the capillary discharge chamber by erosion of its inner walls reducing its initial inner diameter. The debris is deleterious to the mirrors and other components positioned in the emission stream whereas the erosion distorts the plasma beam. This increase in the initial inner diameter of the discharge chamber leads rapidly to poor imaging of the light stream. By keeping the inner bore diameter of the capillary discharge chamber constant, i.e., 110%, and preferably 105%, of the initial inner bore diameter, the imaging problem is overcome.

Abstract: A negative ion source is disclosed which includes an electrode, a target having a more negative electrical potential than the electrode, a supply of electrical energy for generating a discharge between the electrode and the target, and at least one magnet positioned so as to confine electrons, generated as a result of said discharge, in close proximity to a first surface of the target. The negative ion source further includes a delivery system for delivering cesium to a second surface of the target, and a distribution chamber interposed between the delivery system and the target for uniformly distributing cesium on the second surface of said target. The cesium diffuses through openings in the target from the first surface to the second surface. The negative ion source may comprise a conventional magnetron sputter source that has been retrofitted to include a cesium distribution system.