Abstract: Examples for refining the microstructure of metallic materials used for additive manufacturing are described herein. An example can involve generating a first layer of an integral object by heating a metallic material to a molten state such that the metallic material includes a solid-liquid interface. The example can further involve applying an electromagnetic field or vibrations to the metallic material of the first layer. In some instances, the electromagnetic fields or vibrations perturb the first layer of metallic material causing nucleation sites to form at the solid-liquid interface of the metallic material in the molten state. The example also includes generating a second layer coupled to the first layer of the integral object. Generating the second layer increases a number of nucleation sites at the solid-liquid interface of the metallic material in the molten state. Each nucleation site can grows a crystal at a spatially-random orientation.

Abstract: A three-dimensional shaped article production method is a three-dimensional shaped article production method for producing a three-dimensional shaped article by stacking layers and includes a first metal powder supply step of supplying a first metal powder having a first average particle diameter to a shaping table, a layer formation step of forming the layer by compressing the first metal powder supplied to the shaping table, a first liquid supply step of supplying a first liquid containing a second metal powder having a second average particle diameter and a binder to a portion of a constituent region of the three-dimensional shaped article, a second liquid supply step of supplying a second liquid containing at least either the second meal powder at a lower concentration than the first liquid or a third metal powder having a larger average particle diameter than the second average particle diameter and containing a binder to at least a portion of a surface layer region, and a sintering step of sintering a m

Abstract: A method of producing a case hardened workpiece of a Group IV metal including: placing a workpiece of a Group IV metal in a vessel, creating a low pressure environment in the vessel in which the pressure, pvac, is less than or equal to 10-5 bar, providing oxygen to the vessel to create a reactive atmosphere in the vessel, the reactive atmosphere comprising oxygen at a partial pressure, pO2, in the range of 10 5 bar to 0.01 bar, heating the workpiece to a hardening temperature in the range of 650° C. to 800° C. in the reactive atmosphere or before the reactive atmosphere is created, maintaining the workpiece in the reactive atmosphere at the hardening temperature for a reactive period of at least 5 hours, cooling the workpiece from the hardening temperature to ambient temperature in the reactive atmosphere or in an inert atmosphere.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel alloy and turbocharger kinematic components are provided. An austenitic stainless steel alloy includes, by weight, about 23% to about 27% chromium, about 18% to about 22% nickel, about 0.5% to about 2.0% manganese, about 1.2% to about 1.4% carbon, about 1.6% to about 1.8% silicon, about 0.2% to about 0.4% nitrogen, about 0% to about 0.5% molybdenum, sulfur in an amount of less than about 0.01%, phosphorous in an amount of less than about 0.04%, and a balance of iron, and other inevitable/unavoidable impurities that are present in trace amounts. The turbocharger kinematic components are made at least in part using this stainless steel alloy.

Abstract: Provided in the present application are a rare-earth microalloyed steel and a control process. The steel has a special microstructure, and the microstructure comprises a rare earth-rich nanocluster having a diameter of 1-50 nm. The nanocluster has the same crystal structure type as a matrix. The rare earth-rich nanocluster inhibits the segregation of the elements S, P and As on a grain boundary, and obviously improves the fatigue life of the steel. In addition, a rare-earth solid solution also directly affects a phase change dynamics process so that the diffusion-type phase change starting temperature in the steel changes at least to 2° C., and even changes to 40-60° C. in some kinds of steel, thereby greatly improving the mechanical properties thereof, and providing a foundation for the development of more kinds of high-performance steel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a turnout rail production technology, in particular to a deeply-hardened-surface turnout rail with high degree of undercooling and the preparation method thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problem by providing a deeply-hardened-surface turnout rail with high degree of undercooling featured in even hardness distribution and a deeply hardened surface layer and the preparation method thereof. The method is described as follows: feeding molten iron for converter smelting?furnace rear argon blowing station?LF refining?RH vacuumization?casting steel blanks?slow cooling in the slow cooling pit?austenitic homogenization?rail rolling?heat treatment; in the converter smelting process, adding 0.2-0.3% Cr, 0.04-0.06 V and 0.75-0.80% C; the heat treatment process is divided into two cooling stages.

Abstract: Disclosed are a high-strength ultra-thick steel material and a method for manufacturing same. The high-strength ultra-thick steel material comprises in weight % 0.04-0.1% of C, 0.05-0.5% of Si, 0.01-0.05% of Al, 1.6-2.2% of Mn, 0.5-1.2% of Ni, 0.005-0.050% of Nb, 0.005-0.03% of Ti and 0.2-0.6% of Cu, 100 ppm or less of P and 40 ppm or less of S with a balance of Fe, and inevitable impurities, and comprises, in a subsurface area up to t/10 (t hereafter being referred to as the thickness of the steel material), bainite of 90 area % or greater (including 100 area %) as microstructures. And the particle size of crystallites having a high inclination angle boundary of 15° or higher measured by EBSD is 10 ?m or less (not including 0 ?m).

Abstract: A wear resistant hydraulics system includes a first copper-based alloy having a formula (I), CuaSnbZncMd, where M is a combination of up to six transition metals, metalloids, and/or alkali metals, a is any number between 0.50 and 0.93, b is any number between 0.00 and 0.07, c is any number between 0.00 and 0.40, and d is any number between 0.01 and 0.40, and a second copper-based alloy including at least 50 wt. % of Cu, based on the total weight of the alloy; and at least one compound of formula (II) AxBy, where A is Cu, Sn, or Zn, B is Co, Cr, In, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Sb, Te, or Ti, x is any number between 1 and 53, and y is any number between 1 and 16, the first or second alloy having a bulk modulus KVRH value of about 70 to 304 GPa.

Abstract: A method of forming a high strength aluminum alloy is disclosed. The method includes solutionizing to a temperature ranging from about 5° C. above a standard solutionizing temperature to about 5° C. below an incipient melting temperature for the aluminum material to form a heated aluminum material, which is then quenched. The aluminum material includes at least one of magnesium and silicon as a secondary component at a concentration of at least 0.2% by weight. The cooled aluminum material is subjected to ECAE processing using one of isothermal conditions and non-isothermal conditions. Isothermal conditions include having a billet and a die at the same temperature from about 80° C. to about 200° C. Non-isothermal conditions include having a billet at a temperature from about 80° C. to about 200° C. and a die at a temperature of at most 100° C. The aluminum material is than aged at a temperature from about 100° C. to about 175° C.

Abstract: Provided is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet that contains substantially no Al and contains large amounts of Si and Mn and has low iron loss, comprising a chemical composition containing C: 0.0050% or less, Si: 2.0% or more and 6.0% or less, Mn: 1.0% or more and 3.0% or less, P: 0.20% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, N: 0.0050% or less, Al: 0.0050% or less, and one or more selected from B: 0.0001% or more and 0.0050% or less, Nb: 0.0001% or more and 0.0050% or less, and V: 0.0005% or more and 0.0500% or less, with a balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein a number density of Si—Mn nitrides with an average diameter of 50 nm or more and 500 nm or less is 1 or less per ?m3.

Abstract: Identifying a stable phase of a binary alloy comprising a solute element and a solvent element. In one example, at least two thermodynamic parameters associated with grain growth and phase separation of the binary alloy are determined, and the stable phase of the binary alloy is identified based on the first thermodynamic parameter and the second thermodynamic parameter, wherein the stable phase is one of a stable nanocrystalline phase, a metastable nanocrystalline phase, and a non-nanocrystalline phase. In different aspects, an enthalpy of mixing of the binary alloy may be calculated as a first thermodynamic parameter, and an enthalpy of segregation of the binary alloy may be calculated as a second thermodynamic parameter.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing thin-specification high-Ti wear-resistant steel NM450 comprises the steps of preparing melted iron in a blast-furnace, preprocessing the melted iron, smelting the melted iron in a converter, refining the melted steel in a LF furnace, refining the melted steel in a RH furnace, conventional slab continuous casting, heating the slab in a heating furnace, dephosphorizing the slab by high-pressure water, heating the slab in a hot continuous rolling mill, performing ultra fast cooling, reeling, flattening, heating, quenching, tempering and finishing.

Abstract: The purpose of one aspect of the present invention is to provide: a thick steel plate capable of removing a conventional normalizing treatment required for ensuring toughness low temperature and cryogenic environments, and having properties equal to or better than those of a conventional steel subjected to the normalizing treatment; and a method for manufacturing the method.

Abstract: A high-strength steel includes a steel structure with: in area fraction, 60.0% to less than 90.0% of ferrite, 0% to less than 5.0% of unrecrystallized ferrite, 2.0% to 25.0% of martensite, 0% to 5.0% of carbide, and 0% to 3.0% of bainite; in volume fraction, more than 7.0% of retained austenite; in a cross-sectional view of 100 ?m×100 ?m, a value obtained by dividing number of retained austenite that are not adjacent to retained austenite whose crystal orientations are different by a total number of retained austenite being less than 0.80, an average crystal grain size of the ferrite being 6.0 ?m or less, an average crystal grain size of the retained austenite being 3.0 ?m or less, and a value obtained by dividing, by mass %, an average content of Mn in the retained austenite by an average content of Mn in steel being 1.50 or more.

Abstract: A method for producing a high-strength hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet, in which a high-strength steel sheet is used as a base material, includes a rolling step (x) of rolling a hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet with a coating layer having an Fe concentration of 8% to 17% by mass, and a heat treatment step (y) of heating the coated steel sheet which has been subjected to the rolling step (x) under the conditions satisfying the following formulae (1) and (2): (273+T)×(20+2×log10(t))?8000??(1) 40?T?160??(2) where T: heating temperature (° C.) of the coated steel sheet, and t: holding time (hr) at the heating temperature T.

Abstract: Provided is a corrosion-resistant CuZn alloy, in which: the Zn content is 36.8 to 56.5 mass % and the balance is Cu and inevitable impurities; and the ?-phase surface area percentage is 99.9% or greater.

Abstract: A steel material showing excellent hydrogen-induced cracking resistance according to an aspect of the present invention comprises, in weight %, 0.10-0.25% of C, 0.05-0.50% of Si, 1.0-2.0% of Mn, 0.005-0.1% of Al, 0.010% or less of P, 0.0015% or less of S, 0.001-0.03% of Nb, 0.001-0.03% of V, 0.01-0.15% of Mo, 0.01-0.50% of Cu, 0.05-0.50% of Ni, and the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and has a thickness of 100-300 mm. The maximum size of pores formed inside can be 1 ?m or less.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel includes a mixed grain structure composed of a columnar crystal having an average crystal grain size of 20 ?m or less and an equiaxed crystal having an average crystal grain size of 5.0 ?m or less, in which an area proportion of the columnar crystal in the mixed grain structure is 20% or more, and an average crystal grain size of the whole mixed grain structure is 5.0 ?m or less. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a material having excellent irradiation resistance and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A golf club head, preferably a putter head, comprising at least one structural support member is disclosed herein. The structural support member has a smooth, organic-looking aesthetic, with a continuously changing curvature along its spline and at least one surface, and preferably connects one portion of the golf club head to another portion. Where the support member connects to other portions of the golf club head, the surfaces of the member have a curvature that changes smoothly and continuously, lacking any sharp corners. The support member may be part of a lattice structure formed via binder jetting.

Abstract: An expeditionary additive manufacturing (ExAM) system for manufacturing metal parts includes a mobile foundry system configured to produce an alloy powder from a feedstock, and an additive manufacturing system configured to fabricate a part using the alloy powder. The additive manufacturing system includes a computer system having parts data and machine learning programs in signal communication with a cloud service. The parts data can include material specifications, drawings, process specifications, assembly instructions, and product verification requirements for the part. An expeditionary additive manufacturing (ExAM) method for making metal parts includes the steps of transporting the mobile foundry system and the additive manufacturing system to a desired location; making the alloy powder at the location using the mobile foundry system; and building a part at the location using the additive manufacturing system.