Abstract: A process for the production of triglycerides of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl esters of C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 fatty acids:a) where dry sodium carbonate catalyst is dissolved in glycerol and mixed with a molar excess of preferably the methyl ester of C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 fatty acid at a temperature between about 150.degree. C. and 250.degree. C. at less than atmospheric pressure and under substantially anhydrous conditions to produce an initial reaction mixture containing the corresponding triglycerides of said fatty acids, and partially reacted glycerol with unreacted hydroxyl groups (OH values 10-40),b) thereafter, a portion of the initial reaction mixture is reacted with additional C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl ester of C.sub.6 -C.sub.22 fatty acid under conditions to achieve substantially full conversion of said unreacted hydroxyl groups (OH values of 5 or less), andc) a product containing the corresponding triglycerides of said fatty acids is separated from unreacted alkyl ester and from the sodium carbonate catalyst.

Abstract: A process for making glycol diesters from polyethers is disclosed. The polyether is reacted with an acyclic, aliphatic anhydride in the presence of a Lewis acid to produce the glycol diester. The invention provides a way to reuse polyether polyols recovered from polyurethanes by converting them to readily purified glycol diesters. The diesters are useful as solvents and as chemical intermediates.

Abstract: The process for preparing a compound of the formula:Cp'YNHRwherein: Cp' is a cyclopentadienyl or a substituted cyclopentadienyl group, Y is a covalent bridging group which contains one or more group 14 elements, and R is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group, the process comprising reacting a ligand of the formula Cp'YX, wherein Cp' and Y are as defined above and X is halogen, with a substantially equimolar amount of a primary amine of the formula NH.sub.2 R, wherein R is as defined above, in an inert solvent in the presence of a HX scavenger at an elevated temperature of at least about 35.degree. C., so as to form said compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing higher order cuprate complexes by reacting an alkyne with zirconocene chloride hydride to produce a zirconium intermediate which is reacted with an alkyllithium and a first copper reagent selected from R.sup.2 Cu(CN)Li or the mixture CuCN and R.sup.2 Li to produce a higher order cuprate complex.

Abstract: Preparation of 3-pentenoic acid by reacting butadiene and carbon monoxide using a rhodium catalyst and a sulfonic acid catalyst in water and a carboxylic acid solvent.

Abstract: A method of preparing an active silicon/copper contact mass for the direct reaction of organic halides with silicon to make organohalosilanes by contacting a particle size distribution of silicon with a copper catalyst vapor, aerosol or a combination of vapor and aerosol. The copper catalyst aerosol can be produced by rapid nucleation of the vapor, by an exothermic reaction between copper metal and chlorine gas or by ultrasonic energy dispersion of a solution of a copper compound to a fine mist consisting of extremely fine particles 0.1 to 0.01 micron or smaller. The preferred copper catalyst is copper chloride. The small, sub-micron size copper chloride aerosol provides an efficient utilization of copper to form the active Cu-Si alloys on the silicon particles' surfaces.

Abstract: A process for preparing an alkoxyalkanoic acid by reacting the corresponding alkoxyalkanol with a stable free radical nitroxide in the presence of a NO.sub.x -generating compound and, optionally, an oxidant and/or a solvent, at a temperature in the range of from about 0.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. and thereafter separating out the alkoxyalkanoic acid.

Abstract: A process for preparing an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid and/or an .alpha., .beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester from at least one ester selected from .alpha.-hydroxycarboxylic acid ester, .alpha.-alkoxycarboxylic acid ester and .beta.-alkoxycarboxylic acid ester as a starting material by a vapor-phase catalytic reaction in the presence of a crystalline aluminosilicate as a catalyst.According to the process, .alpha., .beta.-unstaturated carboxylic acid and/or an ester thereof can be produced in a mild condition and a high yield.

Abstract: Calcium formate is produced in aqueous phase by reaction of calcium hydroxide with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or by reaction of calcium peroxide with formaldehyde. The molar ratio of CaO or Ca(OH).sub.2 to H.sub.2 CO to H.sub.2 O.sub.2 is 1 to 2 to 1-1.2 and the molar ratio of CaO.sub.2 to H.sub.2 CO is 1 to 2. Calcium formate is obtained in an almost substantially quantitative yield and in highly pure form. The process avoids the disadvantages of prior processes for the production of calcium formate from calcium hydroxide and formaldehyde.

Abstract: An oil comprising an amino-modified silicone fluid containing an amino group with an amine equivalent of 10,000 to 200,000 g/mol and having a viscosity of 10 to 100,000 centistokes at 25.degree. C. is effective in preventing any electric contact failure in relays, switches, motors, corotrons and similar electric elements.

Abstract: A method for making organohalosilanes is provided utilizing spent contact mass generated during the production of organohalosilanes by the direct method which has been treated in an oxygen containing atmosphere to render it non-pyrophoric in air.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I):Y--Mg--X (I)wherein Y is allyl, or an optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted benzyl group, and X is a halogen, by reaction of a compound of formula (II):Y--X (II)wherein Y and X have the meanings given above, with magnesium in tertiary-butylmethyl ether solvent, characterized in that the molar ratio of magnesium to compound of formula (II) is from 1:1 to 2:1 and the reaction is carried out at 45.degree. C. or above.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I)ArCH.sub.2 R.sup.1 (I)or a monomethyl or monoethyl ether thereof (the compound of formula (I) including these ethers may contain no more than 30 carbon atoms in total); ethers, esters, thereof; acid addition salts thereof; wherein Ar is a C.sub.15-18 fused tetracarbocyclic ring system containing 3 or 4 aromatic rings or a C.sub.17-22 fused pentacarbocyclic ring system containing 4, or 5 aromatic rings, or a substituted derivative thereof; the ring system Ar should be planar or deviate only slightly from planarity. Thus, the ring system contains a maximum of two non-aromatic carbon atoms which may be in the same ring, in which case they are adjacent, or in different rings;Ar is not perylene, fluoranthene, chrysene, pyrene, or triphenylene;R.sup.1 contains not more than eight carbon atoms and is a group ##STR1## wherein m is 0 or 1; R.sup.5 is hydrogen;R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are the same or different and each is hydrogen or C.sub.

Abstract: Ethyl acetate is produced in good yield by reacting ethylene with acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst comprising a tungstophosphoric acid of which 10-90% of the total amount of proton is replaced with a member selected from the group consisting of (a) cesium metal cation, (b) a combination of cesium metal cation and at least one cation selected from alkali metal cations other than cesium cation, and (c) a combination of cesium metal cation and at least one cation of iron group metal cations.

Abstract: A propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate compound is obtained by the esterification of propylene glycol monomethyl ether with propionic acid at an elevated temperature above 80 .degree.C. in the presence of acidic catalyst and azeotropic agent. This compound is rectified for removing acid residue and moisture in order to yield the desirable product having high purity.

Abstract: Diphenylcarbonate is produced by contacting phenol with phosgene or phenylchloroformate or mixture thereof in the presence of one or more heterogeneous catalysts. The catalysts include Group VB metal oxides: silicates of Groups IIA, IIIB, IVB, VB, and the lanthanide and actinide metals: tungsten oxides: and clays. The more preferred catalysts are silicates of yttrium, titanium, or zirconium.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a secondary alkoxyalkanoic acid by reacting the corresponding secondary alkoxyalkanol with a stable free radical nitroxide in the presence of a NO.sub.x -generating compound and an oxidant at a temperature in the range of from about 0.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. and thereafter separating out the secondary alkoxyalkanoic acid.

Abstract: A process for making alkyl formates from a synthesis gas is described in which a synthesis gas stream is separated into a first stream and a second stream which contain CO and H.sub.2. The CO and H.sub.2 are reacted under high pressures to produce methanol. The CO of the second stream is reacted with water to produce formic acid. The formic acid and methanol are reacted in the presence of an alkali or alkaline earth metal catalyst such as NaOH to produce an effluent stream which includes alkyl formate and H.sub.2. The H.sub.2 is separated and recycled to the alcohol synthesis zone as a second source of H.sub.2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing acetals and hemiacetal esters which comprises reacting a vinyl ester and an alcohol in the presence of a solvent having a dielectric constant of between about 15 and about 50 and an effective amount of palladium- or platinum-containing catalyst, in the absence of an active support, under reaction conditions sufficient to form the acetal or hemiacetal ester and recovering the acetal or hemiacetal ester.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower-alkanoyl or hydrogen;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are the same or different lower-alkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable acid-addition salts thereof are useful in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system.