Abstract: A method for producing branched aliphatic hydrocarbons by reacting H.sub.2 with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alcohol and/or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 olefin in the presence of a cadmium component and a support which comprises an amorphous refractory inorganic oxide, a pillared smectite or vermiculite clay, a molecular sieve consisting essentially of unexchanged or cation-exchanged chabazite, clinoptilite, zeolite A, zeolite L, zeolite X, zeolite Y, ultrastable zeolite Y, or crystalline borosilicate molecular sieve, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new process for the direct conversion of natural gas or methane into gasoline-range hydrocarbons (i.e., synthetic transportation fuels or lower olefins) via catalytic condensation using superacid catalysts.

Abstract: Water-based metal-working lubricants containing an emulsion-type anionic, soluble oil comprising a low viscosity index (LVI) lubricating oil, sodium sulfonates as an emulsifier, a soluble oil coemulsifier base containing naphthenic acids, potassium hydroxide, anti-rust and anti-microbial agents and an effective amount of block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or other alkylene oxides having a molecular weight between about 800 and about 8,000.

Abstract: Production of lower-molecular-weight hydrocarbons from higher-molecular-weight hydrocarbonaceous material by heating at an elevated temperature in the presences of a guanidinium compound such as guanidinium carbonate, oleate, palmitate stearate or phenolate. The invention is especially applicable to coal liquefaction and gasification.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for promoting isomerization of sym-octahydrophenanthrene (s-OHP) to sym-octahydroanthracene (s-OHA) in the presence of a catalyst provided by aluminum chloride or aluminum bromide, or a mixture of these two compounds. The rate of isomerization is increased by having the reaction run in the presence of an acyl peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide or lauroyl peroxide.

Abstract: In the liquid phase reaction of isobutene in the presence of resin cation exchange resins with itself in a C.sub.4 hydrocarbon stream to form dimers, the formation of higher polymers, oligomers, and co-dimer by-products is suppressed by the presence of 0.0001 to 1 mole per mole of isobutene of methyl tertiary butyl ether.

Abstract: 1,3,5,-Trichlorobenzene is produced by chlorinating 1,3,5-trihalobenzene having 1 to 3 bromine atom and 2 to 0 chlorine atom. The gaseous 1,3,5-halobenzene having 1 to 3 bromine atom and 2 to 0 chlorine atom is brought into contact with chlorine gas at a molar ratio of 0.5 to 3.0 of the stoichiometric amount of chlorine required for said conversion, in a vapor phase at a temperature of 280.degree. to 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for separating a normal paraffin from a mixture of the same with another structural class of hydrocarbon selected from the cyclic hydrocarbons having greater than six carbons per molecule and the branched chain hydrocarbons. The process comprises contacting the mixture at adsorption conditions with an adsorbent comprising silicalite. The normal paraffin is selectively adsorbed and will preferably be recovered from the adsorbent by desorption with a desorbent material.

Abstract: An alpha-olefin is oligomerized in the presence of a three-component catalyst comprising a particulate solid adsorbent, boron trifluoride and elemental oxygen. For example, 1-decene is oligomerized to a product predominating in the trimer and tetramer using boron trifluoride, elemental oxygen and silica as the solid adsorbent.

Abstract: Benzene or an alkylbenzene is reacted with hydrogen and an alkali metal such as potassium in the presence of a polyamine to produce cyclohexene or alkylcyclohexene and alkali metal hydride. The polyamine contains only C, N and H and has at least three nitrogens. Each nitrogen is linked to three carbons and each carbon bridge is at least two methylenes long. Representative polyamines are hexamethyl hexacyclen, hexamethyl triethylene tetraamine, tris(2-dimethylamino ethyl)amine and octamethyl pentaethylene hexamine. Cyclohexene is produced at high ratios with respect to cyclohexane.