Abstract: Described is a catalytic process for converting biomass to furan derivatives (e.g., furfural, furfuryl alcohol, etc.) using a biphasic reactor containing a reactive aqueous phase and an organic extracting phase containing an alkylphenol. The process provides a cost-effective route for producing furfural, furfuryl alcohol, levulinic acid hydroxymethylfurfural, ?-valerolactone, and the like. The products formed are useful as value-added intermediates to produce polymers, as precursors to diesel fuel, and as fuel additives.

Abstract: A process is provided for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising the steps of: contacting a feed comprising an olefin and oxygen with a catalyst comprising a silver component deposited on a fluoride-mineralized carrier; and producing a product mix comprising an olefin oxide, wherein the partial pressure of olefin oxide in the product mix is greater than about 60 kPa. A process is provided for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising the steps of: contacting a feed comprising an olefin and oxygen with a catalyst comprising a silver component and a high-selectivity dopant deposited on a fluoride-mineralized carrier; and producing a product mix comprising an olefin oxide, wherein the partial pressure of olefin oxide in the product mix is greater than about 20 kPa.

Abstract: This invention relates to new 2-oxo-piperidinyl- and 2-oxo-azepanyl alkanoic acid derivatives of formula (1) having anticonvulsant activity which are useful as therapeutic agents for the treatment or prevention of epilepsy and other neurological disorders. The invention also concerns processes for preparing these derivatives and novel intermediates used in the preparation of these derivatives.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide an antibacterial agent which has an improved antibacterial effect and a wider antibacterial spectrum than conventional antibacterial agents, and which is highly safe to human and the environment. This object is achieved with a novel substance 9-(1?,5?-dimethyl-1?-vinyl-4?-hexenyl)-4-hydroxy-7H-furo[3,2-?][1]benzopyran-7-one and an antibacterial agent comprising thereof.

Abstract: A process for preparing an intermediate for synthesizing escitalopram and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof from 4-(4-dimethylamino)-1-(4?-fluorophenyl)-1-(hydroxybutyl)-3-(acyloxymethyl)benzonitrile is described. The process involves converting said intermediate into the (S+) enantiomer of citalopram by means of enzymatic enantiomeric resolution.

Abstract: There is provided a process for preparing a glycidyl derivative from 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol, comprising i) adding a phosphate salt to a solution into which 3-chloro-1,2-propanediol is dissolved into a solvent to produce glycidol, and ii) adding to the solution of step i) a base capable of releasing a glycidyl group from the glycidol and a substrate susceptible to nucleophilic attack to produce the desired glycidyl derivative by nucleophilic attack of the glycidyl group to the substrate.

Abstract: A method of forming an iron hydroxypyrone compound comprising reacting an iron salt of a carboxylic acid and a hydroxypyrone in an aqueous solution at a pH greater than 7.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst containing titanium in bonded form, non-crystalline silicon dioxide and at least one crystalline silicate phase which has a zeolite structure, wherein the non-crystalline silicon dioxide is applied to at least one of the crystalline silicate phases which have a zeolite structure and wherein at least one of the crystalline silicate phases which have a zeolite structure contains silicon-carbon bonds with which non-hydrolytically separable organic groups R are bonded to silicon. Furthermore, the present invention provides a process for preparing this catalyst and a process for producing an epoxide from a compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (preferably from propene) comprising reacting the compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of the catalyst according to the invention.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a transition metal zeolite, a noble metal, and a thiol is disclosed. The catalyst is used in an epoxidation process comprising reacting an olefin, hydrogen, and oxygen. The presence of a thiol in the catalyst reduces the formation of alkanes from the hydrogenation of olefins, and/or improves hydrogen and oxygen selectivities to epoxides.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of the Formula I and II: wherein R1, R3, W, Z, X1, X2, Ar1, R8 and R9 are as defined herein, and methods and intermediates for their preparation and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the albumin-guided development of coumarin analogs and the analogs developed thereby. The coumarin analogs of the present invention are identified and isolated by the fact that they have binding sites to albumin which are different than the binding sites of conventional coumarin analogs such as sodium warfarin, and as a result will be less prone to be displaced since the binding site of sodium warfarin is shared by numerous drugs such as aspirin. The coumarin analogs of the invention are advantageous because they can achieve the effects of the prior coumarin analogs with a minimum of metabolic complications and undesirable side effects.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the epoxidation of an olefin with hydrogen and oxygen in the presence of an oxidation catalyst comprising a transition metal zeolite and a polymer-encapsulated noble metal catalyst. The noble metal catalyst comprises a noble metal and an ion-exchange resin. The process using the polymer-encapsulated noble metal catalyst gives higher epoxide productivity than a process that uses a noble metal catalyst which is not encapsulated by a polymer.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compounds and methods of synthesizing hydroxyethlamino amides and their use in treatment of aspartyl protease mediated diseases and conditions.

Abstract: A 6-tertiary amino-2-(Z.dbd.CH--)benzofuran dye is disclosed, where Z represents the atoms providing an electron withdrawing group and a conjugated methine linkage completing a resonant dye chromophore including the 6-tertiary amino group as an electron donor and the electron withdrawing group as an electron acceptor. The dyes are formed by condensing a 6-tertiary amino-2-formylbenzofuran with an electron withdrawing dye nucleus precursor containing an active methyl or methylene site. The dyes exhibit bathocromically shifted absorption peaks.

Abstract: Processes for the preparation of 8,14-cedranoxide are disclosed, according to which 8,14-cedrane diol is prepared by reducing 8,14-cedranolide by treatment with the aid of diisobutyl-aluminum hydride followed by acid hydrolysis, or 8,14-cedrane diol is cyclized with dimethyl sulfoxide.

Abstract: A series of 2-aryl-6-trifluoromethyl-4-pyridylcarbinolamines is herein disclosed which has value in treatment of plasmodial infections. The compounds have substituted phenyl groups at position 2- on the pyridine moiety, with the electronegative substituents present on the phenyl nuclei. The syntheses of such series is described, together with a method for separation of racemates of a representative 4-pyridylcarbinolamine type.