Abstract: Electronic control circuit including an output transistor for furnishing the output current of the control circuit and having a control electrode being addressed by at least one control signal producing a time-variable current through the control electrode, including a programmed digital memory delivering pulses and generating the control signals for driving the control electrode of the output transistor, the pulses delivered by the memory being usable for direct and indirect control of the output transistor.

Abstract: The conduction paths of a first, normally on, transistor and a second, normally off, transistor are connected in parallel between an output line and a circuit point at a first value, of potential. When any one of a plurality of normally non-conducting input signal responsive means coupled to the output line, is enabled, it causes the potential on the output line to be driven to a second value of potential. Means are provided responsive to the potential on the output line for applying a turn-off signal to the first transistor followed by a delayed turn-on signal to the second transistor when the potential on the output line is driven towards the second value of potential and for applying a turn-on signal to the first transistor followed by a delayed turn-off signal to the second transistor when the potential on the output line is being restored to the first value of potential.

Abstract: A substrate bias-voltage generator is comprised of an oscillator, and a charge pumping circuit, driven by the oscillator via a coupling capacitor, which transfers accumulated electric charges, out of the semiconductor substrate. The oscillator frequency is varied in accordance with the variation of the voltage level of the semiconductor substrate, preferably by means of an RC circuit, fabricated by a MOSFET variable resistance (R) and a capacitor (C), within a ring oscillator or a multi-vibrator. The gate electrode of the MOSFET variable resistance is directly connected to the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: A moisture measuring apparatus includes a tuned circuit, a moisture sensor, coaxial cable means between the sensor and the tuned circuit wherein the tuned circuit tunes the coaxial cable, and a circuit for ascertaining the loading presented by the sensor to the tuned circuit whereby moisture is measured. The sensor is alternately connected and disconnected to an end of the coaxial cable and the signal drive across the tuned circuit is standardized by a controlled gate circuit which adjustably clips the tuned circuit drive, when the sensor is disconnected, for zeroing the instrument. Also, the gain of the circuitry is adjusted by periodically providing a standard load to the tuned circuit while adjusting amplification to bring about a standard output. The apparatus is not as sensitive to cable changes as prior apparatus and a plurality of selectable coaxial cables are provided on reels adjacent the sensor console.

Abstract: The circuit compensates for the difference in the source impedances of signal and reference generating circuits whose outputs are coupled to a sense circuit which loads (draws current from) the signal and reference generating circuits. The signal generating circuit has a source impedance (R.sub.1) and produces either one of two (V.sub.1H or V.sub.1L) output signal levels which is coupled via a first transmission gate having an "ON" impedance R.sub.2 to a first input terminal of the sense circuit. The reference generating circuit has a lower source impedance (R.sub.3) than the signal source and produces an output intermediate the two signal levels which is coupled via a second transmission gate having an "ON" impedance R.sub.4 to a second input terminal of the sense circuit. The reference voltage applied to the second input of the sense circuit is maintained at a predetermined level between the high and low levels of the signal applied to the first input of the sense circuit, by making the sum of R.sub.

Abstract: A gate circuit comprised of a first gate transistor normally off; a second gate transistor normally on and connected in a signal path; said first gate transistor being adapted to be turned on when a pulse is applied thereto and said second gate transistor being adapted to be turned off upon the conducting of said first gate transistor, and a limiter for holding the potential at the input of the second gate transistor lower than the potential at the output thereof.

Abstract: An access circuit for use in a computer input-output channel. Retriggerable mono-stable multivibrators are used to provide access timing periods during which an input-output device can access a computer channel to the exclusion of other input-output devices.

Abstract: A pulse generating circuit comprises means for charging from a DC power source through a resistor for charge to a capacitor; means for detecting a predetermined value of charge of the capacitor and triggering a main thyristor to discharge the charge of the capacitor through the main thyristor and means for generating the pulse output to a load by the discharge current.

Abstract: A pulse generator circuit triggerable by a pulse of nuclear radiation. The pulse generator circuit includes a pair of transistors arranged, together with other electrical components, in the topology of a standard monostable multivibrator circuit. The circuit differs most significantly from a standard monostable multivibrator circuit in that the circuit is adapted to be triggered by a pulse of nuclear radiation rather than electrically and the transistors have substantially different sensitivities to radiation, due to different physical and electrical characteristics and parameters.One of the transistors is employed principally as a radiation detector and is in a normally non-conducting state and the other transistor is normally in a conducting state.

Abstract: A multiplier using Hall element comprises a Hall element with a pair of control current input terminals and a pair of Hall output terminals, an electromagnet for converting load current into magnetic field and for applying the magnetic field to the Hall element, a transformer for converting load voltage into control current, and a constant current circuit for making the secondary current of the transformer constant and then feeding it to said control current input terminals. The Hall element produces across the pair of Hall output terminals Hall output voltage corresponding to the product of the load current and the load voltage.

Abstract: A voltage comparator comprising first and second transistors of a first conductivity type receiving a current at an interconnection of their emitter electrodes has the collector of the first transistor connected to the base of a third transistor of a second conductivity type complementary to the first. Reference and bias potentials are applied respectively to the emitter of the third transistor and to the base of the second transistor; and input signal voltages to be compared to the bias potential are applied to the base of the first transistor. Input voltage swings to the reference potential are prevented from depriving the first transistor of sufficient collector potential to support flow of current from its collector to the base of the third transistor. This is done by inserting resistance between the source of input voltage and the base of the first transistor.

Abstract: A switching circuit is disclosed for eliminating the effects of contact bounce in a movable contact switch connected between a voltage source and the input of a switching transistor. When the movable contact switch is closed, bouncing of the contacts undesirably produces a momentary voltage pulse which may produce false switching of the switching transistor. To avoid false switching, a coupling circuit is connected between the movable contact switch and the input of the transistor switch and includes a time constant circuit which has a different time constant for a positive going control voltage than for a negative going control voltage. The time constant circuit has longer time constant for a pulse of the polarity of the aforementioned momentary pulse than for the opposite polarity pulse whereby the transistor switch is prevented from responding to the momentary pulse.

Abstract: A touch sensitive input particularly suited for use with an electronic wristwatch, an electronic calculator or a combination thereof is provided. The touch sensitive input includes a touch sensitive contact connected to the input of a detector circuit, the detector circuit input being normally referenced to a first potential for producing a detector circuit output signal representative of the first potential. Engagement of the touch sensitive contact selectively references the detector circuit input to a second potential and in response thereto produces a detector circuit output signal representative of the second potential. The detector circuit includes at least an MOS or C-MOS input stage.

Abstract: A dead-oscillator detector in a wide band frequency modulated keyable control circuit averts attempted actuation of the unlocking function by the coupling of untuned energy-absorbing material, such as iron, to a sensing coil. The energy absorbing material, being unresponsive to frequency, reduces the rf energy in the sensing coil approximately uniformly at all swept frequencies. The dead oscillator detector, lacking an ac component in the rf envelope over the entire frequency band, generates an inhibit signal which prevents the unlocking function. When a tuned circuit is properly coupled to the sensing coil, the resulting ac component in the rf envelope provides one required enable signal to unlock circuits.

Abstract: A current stabilizing arrangement includes a first and a second current circuit or path in which currents with a mutually fixed ratio are maintained. These currents respectively flow through the series connection of a first semiconductor junction in series with a resistor and a second semiconductor junction. The voltage across the second semiconductor junction is maintained equal to the voltage across said series connection, which results in currents which are linearly dependent on the temperature. In order to add a component with a positive second-order temperature dependence to these currents so as to enable a negative second-order temperature dependence to be compensated for in the case where the arrangement is used as a voltage or current reference source, the current stabilizing arrangement comprises a transistor whose base-emitter junction constitutes said second semiconductor junction, the base circuit of said transistor including a resistor.

Abstract: A current mode operational rectifier has an output terminal connectable as a DC current source of a predetermined polarity, and comprises a high gain amplifier having an inverting input terminal for receiving an input signal current from an AC current source and two alternative transmission paths for providing full wave rectification. The first transmission path includes a first transistor having its base connected to the output terminal of the amplifier and its emitter and collector connected between the output terminal of the rectifier and the input terminal of the amplifier. The first transmission path conducts DC current to the output from the input terminal of the amplifier at an instantaneous level substantially equal to the instantaneous level of the input signal when the input signal is of a first polarity. The second transmission path includes matched second and third transistors.

Abstract: The power loss developed in a semiconductor switch during turning on the current flowing from a DC source through a main inductor is reduced by connecting in series between the switch and the main inductor the series combination of a diode and a further inductor, with the diode being poled to pass current from the switch to the main inductor. The parallel combination of a further capacitor and a further diode is connected between a tapping on said further inductor and the junction of said series combination with the semiconductor switch. To reduce the power loss during turning-off of the current, there is connected between the junction of the semiconductor switch and the inductor two paralleled series combinations of diode and capacitor with the elements in opposite order in the branches and the diodes poled in the same direction, the junctions of the capacitors and diodes in the two series combinations being connected through a series diode-inductor combination.

Abstract: A sensing circuit is provided that is exceptionally sensitive. The circuit can respond to a minute change in a signal to actuate an electrically-operated device. The circuit is relatively simple, uses inexpensive components, and is compact.

Abstract: A solid state high voltage pulser is disclosed for providing modulation to adio frequency tubes. The use of solid state switching and a step up high voltage pulse transformer provides direct pulsing of a radio frequency tube alternately from two pulser channels. The solid state high voltage pulser utilizes a low voltage battery prime power source and primarily functions as the cathode power supply modulator for a traveling wave tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diode switch for the optional switch-through of an input-end signal to an output, in which two diodes, poled oppositely to one another, are arranged in the series arm and a third diode is arranged in the shunt arm of a four-pole, and wherein the different switching states are determined by the conductive state of the oppositely poled diodes and of the third diode, with a simultaneous blockage of the particular other diodes. The four-pole is preceded by an impedance transformer having a very low output resistance and is followed by a transformer having a very high input resistance. A first constant current source having a current strength of J.sub.1 /2 is connected after the output of the series arm diode; a second constant current source having a current strength of J.sub.1 is connected to the nodal point of the diode with a polarity which is such that the oppositely poled diodes are each traversed by a current having a strength of J.sub.1 /2.