Abstract: The present invention generally relates to novel biocompatible crosslinked polysaccharide gel compositions, methods of their manufacture and use, and the novel crosslinkers used to make them. In one aspect of the invention, a novel polyethylene glycol crosslinking agent is described for crosslinking hyaluronic acid. In another aspect of the invention, novel crosslinking agents comprising more than two functional groups are described. These multifunctional crosslinking agents can be used on their own to crosslink hyaluronic acid, or they may be combined with bifunctional crosslinking agents in varying ratios to make hyaluronic acid of tunable mechanical strength and hardness. The present invention also discloses novel hyaluronic acid compositions that have been coated with polyethylene glycol and methods of their use.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an agent for controlling Bcl-2 expression comprising ginsenoside F1 (20-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol) represented by the following formula 1 as an active component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound The instant invention relates to a compound of formulae (I A), (I B), (X A), (X B), (Y A) or (Y B), wherein R? represents and R? represents hydrogen, hydroxy, C1-C7alkoxy, C1-C8-alkanoyloxy, or R5R4N—CO—O—, where R4 and R5 independently are C1-C7alkyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by a substitutent selected from C1-C7alkyl, C1-C7alkoxy, halogen and trifluoromethyl and where R4 additionally is hydrogen; or R4 and R5 together represent C3-C6alkylene; in free form or in form of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt. Compounds of formulae (I A), (I B), (X A), (X B), (Y A) or (Y B) inhibit DPP-IV (dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV) activity. They are therefore indicated for use as pharmaceuticals in inhibiting DPP-IV and in the treatment of conditions mediated by DPP-IV, such as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, arthritis, obesity, osteoporosis and further conditions of impaired glucose tolerance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the controlled oxidation of oligo- and/or polysaccharides containing free —CH2OH primary hydroxyl groups, using an oxidizing agent. The invention is characterized in that the oxidation reaction is performed in a densified fluid which is inert in relation to the oxidizing agents employed. The invention is suitable for use, for example, in the food, paint, paper, textile, agricultural and pharmaceutical industries, in the medical, biomedical or paramedical fields, in the surgical field, in the cosmetic industry and as agents for the complexing or sequestering of metal ions, heavy metals and radioactive elements in the nuclear industry.

Abstract: To inhibit production of adipocytokines, in particular, adipocytokines that elicit insulin resistance and to prevent onset of pathosis caused by the insulin resistance, or improve the pathosis, the present invention provides an agent or a food or drink which contains 3-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-4-methylergost-7-en-3-ol, or an organic solvent extract, a hot water extract or a squeezed liquid of a plant of the family Liliaceae or a fraction thereof which contains the compound as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a plurality of sodium salts represented by the formula (I): wherein, m1, n1, m2 and n2 respectively and independently represent a positive number between 0 and 2, provided that m1+n1=2, m2+n2=2, 0<m1+m2<4 and 0<n1+n2<4, and a method for producing the same, and a method for inhibiting the decomposition of a sodium salt represented by general formula (IV): comprising: having the sodium salt represented by general formula (IV) in the presence of the sodium salts represented by formula (I), and according to the present invention the stability over time of the sodium salt represented by general formula (IV) is improved.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a crystalline saccharide having novel physical properties, a preparation and uses thereof. The present invention solves the above objects by providing a porous crystalline saccharide having a number of pores, a process for producing the same, comprising the step of keeping hydrous crystalline saccharide at an ambient temperature or higher in an organic solvent for the dehydration, and the use thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new pharmaceutical composition, a method of treatment of infection and also a process to prepare the composition. The infectious complications are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) remains the most severe nosocomial infection in intensive care units. Beta-lactams alone are always considered inadequate when P. aeruginosa and/or methicillin-resistant S. aureus are implicated as pathogens or copathognes. The present invention provides the desired empirical therapy for control of all bacterial infections. The invention provides antibiotic combination products for delivering at least two different antibiotics, through parenteral dosage form comprising protein-synthesis-inhibiting antibiotic which is amikacin or its sulphate salt and non-protein-synthesis-inhibiting antibiotic which is cefepime or its hydrochloride salt. The invention provides a total solution, against multiresistant P. aeruginosa, or Acinetobacter spp.

Abstract: Objects of the present invention are to provide a novel anhydrous crystalline ?-maltose, its preparation and uses. The present invention attains the above objects by providing an anhydrous crystalline ?-maltose with a melting point of 154 to 159° C.; a process for producing the same, comprising a step of keeping hydrous crystalline ?-maltose in an organic solvent at an ambient temperature or higher for the dehydration; and uses of the same.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel aminoglycoside antibiotics, which have potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, which induce infectious diseases, particularly MRSA, and has no significant nephrotoxicity, and process for producing them. More particularly, the present invention relates to compounds represented by formula (Ia) or their pharmacologically acceptable salts or solvates, or their diastereomer mixtures, antimicrobial agents comprising them, and a process for producing them.

Abstract: The present invention provides a water-soluble modified HA practically used as a drug carrier and a production method thereof. The present invention provides: a water-soluble modified hyaluronic acid, the residence time in blood of which is elongated to a practical level, which is produced by introducing a substituent into the carboxy group of the glucuronic acid of hyaluronic acid or a derivative thereof, via an amide bond, at a lower limit of an introduction ratio of 5 mole % or more, using a BOP condensing agent in an aprotic polar solvent; and a production method thereof. Moreover, by cross-linking the modified hyaluronic acid, the present invention provides a hyaluronic acid gel capable of extremely long drug sustained-release even at the same cross-linking functional group introduction ratio as that of the conventionally known gel.

Abstract: A hyaluronic acid compound which is a reaction product between hyaluronic acid and a phosphatidyl ethanolamine. This compound has biocompatibility and bio-safety, and can be formed into a hydrogel or molded form having a certain shape. Making use of these properties, it is used to treat a knee joint, prevent the accretion of a tissue after an operation and keep a skin wet.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of therapeutic agents for the treatment of Age-Associated Memory Impairment (AAMI). In particular, the present invention utilizes compositions comprising at least one compound capable of elevating ketone body concentrations in a mammal (e.g., ketogenic compounds), administered in an amount effective for treatment or prevention of loss of cognitive function caused by reduced neuronal metabolism in AAMI. In one embodiment, the composition includes medium chain triglycerides (MCT). In another embodiment, the compositions are administered in the presence of carbohydrate. The present invention also relates to oral dosage forms, in particular, a nutritional drink comprising at least one compound capable of elevating ketone body concentrations in a mammal.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a modified hydroxypolymer conjugates preferably a guanidine-dextran conjugate having a tumor cell killing activity. The modified hydroxypolymer conjugate is used as medicine, particularly for manufacturing a medicine or tumor killing composition for treating tumors. A method for producing said hydroxypolymer conjugate and a method for killing cancer cells and treating tumors is also disclosed. The invention is also related to a method for killing tumor cells and treating tumors by administering an effective amount of the modified hydroxypolymer conjugate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a bismuth hyaluronate, characterized in that the bismuth content is from 0.5% to 40%, and the glucuronate content is from 20% to 45%, based on dry weight. Also provided is a method for the preparation of said bismuth hyaluronate comprising reaction of a soluble hyaluronate salt with a bismuth salt in a basic aqueous solution, followed by steps of precipitation, filtration, desalting, dehydrating and drying to obtain the product. Further disclosed is the use of the bismuth hyaluronate in the manufacture of a medicament or health foods for preventing and treating gastrointestinal disorders, in particular ulcerous disorders of the GI tract. It has been proven in animal experiments to show a better therapeutic effect than products of the same type.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a delivery system for delivery of an active molecule to a patient, the delivery system comprising a population of exopolysaccharide micelles, each micelle defining a core for containing the active molecule.

Abstract: A novel use of D-psicose (for suppressing the abnormal intra-day increase of blood glucose level) is provided. A composition containing D-psicose as the active component and for use in suppressing the abnormal intra-day increase of plasma glucose concentration. The composition is a composition in blend with D-psicose and/or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: The invention is to develop an agent having at least one of anticalcipenic, antiedemic and diuretic activities for humans or animals and to inhibit the postpartum drop of the calcium concentration in blood, thereby maintaining the health of the mother body and smoothing nursing and lactation. In the invention, difructose anhydride (DFA) being a disaccharide made of two molecules of fructose coupled together is administered. In particular, for inhibiting the postpartum drop of the calcium concentration in blood, DFA III and/or DFA IV is administered before childbirth delivery (in a cow, before an expected date of calving). The joint use of a calcium agent or vitamin D is possible as required.

Abstract: A cyclohexane derivative having the function of reducing a blood sugar level and having preferable properties required of medicines, such as long-lasting drug activity, metabolic stability, and safety; and a medicinal composition for use in the prevention or treatment of diseases attributable to hyperglycemia, such as diabetes, e.g., insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes) or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes), complications of diabetes, and obesity.

Abstract: The present application discloses a molded article, and a process for preparing a molded article consisting essentially of (i) high molecular weight linear ?-1,4-glucan and (ii) low molecular weight linear ?-1,4-glucan, wherein the process comprises the step of: adding the low molecular weight linear ?-1,4-glucan to a solution comprising the high molecular weight linear ?-1,4-glucan to gel the solution, wherein the low molecular weight linear ?-1,4-glucan has a degree of polymerization of greater than or equal to 180 and less than 620, and has a molecular weight distribution of not greater than 1.25 and, the high molecular weight linear ?-1,4-glucan has a degree of polymerization of greater than or equal to 620 and less than 37000, and has a molecular weight distribution of not greater than 1.25.