Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder, four charge-exchange points per cylinder, wherein a first and a second charge-exchange port are each an inlet port, and wherein a third and a fourth charge-exchange port are each an outlet port, also comprising one spark plug and one prechamber spark plug per each cylinder.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to an exhaust system (207) for exhausting combustion gases from an internal combustion engine (101). The exhaust system (207) includes an exhaust conduit (215) for conveying exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine (101). A particulate filter (214) is providing for filtering particulates from the exhaust gases conveyed by the exhaust conduit (207). A supply inlet (216) is arranged to introduce gas into the particulate filter (214) to promote regeneration. The supply inlet (216) is disposed upstream of the particulate filter (214) and downstream of a catalytic convertor (209). A control valve (218) is provided for controlling the supply of gas to the particulate filter (214) to control regeneration. Aspects of the present invention also relate to a vehicle (100) incorporating a controller (104); and a method of controlling operation of the control valve (218) to control regeneration of the particulate filter (214).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of a polar solvent as an additive to a solution containing a component that releases ammonia at above 200° C. for the removal of deposits or impurities in a selective catalytic reduction system, wherein the polar solvent has a boiling point at 101.3 kPa of at least 140° C. The present disclosure further relates to a method of removing deposits or impurities in a selective catalytic reduction system and a method of operating a selective catalytic reduction system.

Abstract: A compressor or blower includes an impeller disposed on a high-speed shaft, a motor shaft that extends from an end shield of a motor, a gearbox, and a lubrication system. The gearbox is disposed between the motor and the impeller and includes a pinion disposed on the high-speed shaft and a bull gear disposed directly on the motor shaft in engagement with the pinion. The lubrication system includes a single pump module that is configured to wet bearings on the high-speed shaft prior to starting the motor and to mechanically pump oil to the bearings during operation of the motor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fault detection of a coolant diverter valve. The coolant diverter valve is arranged in a coolant system to control flow of coolant from a coolant reservoir to a diesel exhaust fluid tank. At least a first sensor is provided for measuring the pressure and/or temperature of the coolant. During operation of the coolant diverter valve, as required from time to time, the coolant diverter valve is commanded to open by energising the coolant diverter valve and commanded to close by de-energising the coolant diverter valve. Based on readings from the first sensor a controller can determine if the coolant diverter valve has failed to close when the coolant diverter valve is de-energised.

Abstract: A silencer for noise reduction at an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The silencer comprises an input opening, an output opening, at least one chamber, and at least one partition configured to be inserted into and removed from the at least one chamber to convert the silencer to a collector.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite comprising zinc and platinum, and to a catalyst containing said zeolites.

Abstract: Sender unit for conveying a solution of urea into a vehicle, comprising an upper portion configured to be inserted in an opening of a tank for the urea solution; the upper portion defines a first and a second orifice adapted to be connected to an inlet pipe and to an outlet pipe forming part of a conditioning circuit; the sender unit further comprises: a heat exchange pipe connected to the first and to the second orifice and adapted to be at least partially immersed in the urea solution, sensor means for detecting a temperature of the urea solution, and an electrical interface unit connected to the sensor means, the electro valve being a three-way two-position valve configured to provide a flow rate of urea solution in a range between 0 and 600 l/h with a pressure drop that varies between 0 and 300 mbar.

Abstract: A support unit for supporting a heating conductor of an exhaust gas heater on a carrier structure includes a supporting sleeve extending in the direction of a longitudinal axis and surrounding the longitudinal axis, a supporting pin having a sleeve connecting area extending in the supporting sleeve and an exhaust gas heater connecting area projecting beyond the supporting sleeve, wherein the supporting pin, at least in the area of its sleeve connecting area, and/or the supporting sleeve, on an inner surface surrounding the sleeve connecting area of the supporting pin, is coated with insulating material, and wherein the sleeve connecting area is held in the supporting sleeve by a force fit.

Abstract: In this pump apparatus, each of plural gate marks formed in a second blade member is formed at an intermediate position in a circumferential direction of a rotor between two blades that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the even number of blades are disposed between the gate marks in the circumferential direction of the rotor. The plural gate marks are disposed on an outer side, in the radial direction of the rotor, of an outer circumferential surface of a portion, which is connected to the second blade member, in a magnet holding member formed in a tubular shape.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a control system for a vehicle (10) and an associated method of controlling a vehicle (10). The control system comprises one or more controllers, the control system being configured to: receive at least one identity signal indicative of an identity of a driver of the vehicle (10); determine a driver profile in accordance with a driver identity indicated by the or each identity signal; estimate a driver intent in accordance with the driver profile; and schedule a vehicle action in accordance with the driver intent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices, systems, and methods relating to balancing engine performance and engine emissions of an engine in a vehicle in real time. In an example, a method can include sensing operation data indicative of an engine response during a current engine operation. The current ending operation can include a supervisory control of engine emissions. The method can include evaluating a response model to determine engine performance deviation data corresponding to an expected baseline engine performance and an expected current engine performance at the current engine operation. This evaluation can be performed via controller. This evaluation can be based on the operation data. The method can include generating and setting a performance constraint in response to evaluating the response model. The performance constraint can be set such that the engine performance deviation data is maintained at a controls objective that inhibits deterioration of the engine performance over time.

Abstract: An exhaust structure for an engine includes: a catalyst converter configured to purify exhaust gas of the engine; a catalyst pipe in which the catalyst converter is accommodated; and a lead-out pipe configured to lead the exhaust gas to the catalyst pipe. The lead-out pipe is closed at a downstream end thereof, and has a plurality of discharge holes formed in a peripheral wall thereof.

Abstract: A method for exhaust gas post treatment is provided, comprising the following steps: a) providing a nitrogen oxide-containing raw exhaust gas, b) introducing the nitrogen oxide-containing raw exhaust gas into a catalytic evaporator (1), c) introducing a fuel into the catalytic evaporator (1), whereby a converted fuel is obtained, d) mixing urea with the converted fuel, and e) feeding the mixture obtained after step d) into an exhaust gas post treatment system (8). Alternatively or in addition, a device may be provided for exhaust gas post treatment.

Abstract: A control system for a work vehicle engine system with an engine from which exhaust gas flows, at least in part, to an aftertreatment selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst includes a temperature sensor providing an indication of a catalyst temperature associated with the SCR catalyst and a controller having processing and memory architecture. The controller is configured to receive a control signal from the temperature sensor indicative of the catalyst temperature and execute instructions according to the control signal to activate a conversion of exhaust gas by the SCR catalyst by operating the engine system in a first mode that drives the SCR catalyst temperature to a first temperature threshold.

Abstract: Provided are: a hydrocarbon adsorbent capable of adsorbing hydrocarbons, storing the adsorbed hydrocarbons up to a relatively high temperature, and desorbing the adsorbed and stored hydrocarbons at a relatively high temperature; an exhaust gas purifying catalyst composition using the same; an exhaust gas purifying catalyst; and a method for treating an exhaust gas. The hydrocarbon adsorbent comprises a zeolite having an MRT-type framework structure. The hydrocarbon adsorbent comprises a small-pore zeolite having a total desorption amount ZD1 of propylene desorbed at 50° C. or higher and lower than 300° C. being 3.5 mmol/g or less and a total desorption amount ZD2 of propylene desorbed at 300° C. or higher and 500° C. or lower being 0.5 mmol/g or more, per 1 g by mass of the small-pore zeolite, when adsorbing propylene at 50° C. and then heating from 50° C. to 500° C. under the condition of 10° C./min by a temperature-programmed desorption method.

Abstract: A conveying device for an aqueous urea solution in a motor vehicle, with a tank, with a filter element and with a pump. The aqueous urea solution can be conveyed by the pump from the tank through the filter element into a suction line, wherein the filter element has a filter material and a frame for receiving the filter material, wherein the filter material is connected to the frame by a connection element, wherein the connection element is part of the fluid conveying path from the tank via the filter element to the pump.

Abstract: A method of treating exhaust gas from a lean burn internal combustion engine is disclosed. The method comprises: introducing ammonia or an ammonia precursor into the exhaust gas upstream of an Fe-SCR catalyst, the Fe-SCR catalyst comprising iron and a zeolite; and contacting the exhaust gas with the Fe-SCR catalyst; wherein the amount of ammonia or ammonia precursor introduced into the exhaust gas upstream of the Fe-SCR catalyst is controlled to provide an ammonia-to-NOx molar ratio (ANR) in the exhaust gas contacting the Fe-SCR catalyst of from greater than 2 to 6.

Abstract: A catalytic wall-flow monolith filter for use in an emission treatment system is disclosed. The filter comprises porous walls, a first face and a second face defining a longitudinal direction therebetween and first and second pluralities of channels extending in the longitudinal direction. The first plurality of channels provides a first plurality of inner surfaces and is open at the first face and closed at the second face; and the second plurality of channels provides a second plurality of inner surfaces and is open at the second face and closed at the first face. The filter comprises a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst coated on the first plurality of inner surfaces of the porous walls to form a first SCR catalyst porous layer, a second SCR catalyst within the porous walls, and a third SCR catalyst coated on the second plurality of inner surfaces of the porous walls to form a third SCR catalyst porous layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide, the catalyst comprising a first coating comprising a 12-membered ring pore zeolitic material comprising a first metal which is one or more of copper and iron, and a second coating comprising an 8-membered ring pore zeolitic material comprising a second metal which is one or more of copper and iron.