Abstract: An image display medium includes a first and second layer of encapsulated dispersion fluid containing charged particles and a front and rear light-transmissive electrode. The first layer is positioned between the front light-transmissive electrode and the second layer and the second layer is position between the first layer and the rear light-transmissive electrode. The charged particles within the first layer have a color similar to and a charge opposite of the charged particles within the second layer. Alternatively, the charged particles within the first layer may have a color and a charge similar to the charged particles within the second layer and the display medium includes a common conductor positioned between the first and second layer that is configured to drive the charged particles in the first and second layer.

Abstract: An electrowetting cell includes a substrate that includes a well filled with at least one fluid an external contact surface. The substrate is formed of ceramic or fiberglass mesh infused with resin. A control channel electrode connection pad and a common electrode connection pad are on the external contact surface. A first plate is coupled to the substrate to seal a first end of the well. A second plate is coupled to the substrate to seal a second end of the well. The electrowetting cell further includes a control channel electrode on the substrate configured to control a shape of the at least one fluid via an electric field, a common electrode, a control channel electrode interconnect connected to the control channel electrode and the control channel electrode connection pad, and a common electrode interconnect connected to the common electrode and the common electrode connection pad.

Abstract: An electronic ink sealing chamber, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device are provided. The electronic ink sealing chamber includes: a housing and electronic ink sealed inside the housing, a plurality of electrode groups being provided on inner sides of the housing, each of the electrode groups including a first electrode and a second electrode provided opposite to the first electrode, a connection line between a center of the first electrode and a center of the second electrode of each of the electrode groups being a line of centers, and any two of lines of centers of the plurality of electrode groups being not parallel to each other. When these lines of centers are in a same plane, they are intersected with each other.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrophoretic display is provided that includes forming a front plane laminate having a first substrate, a first conductive layer, a layer of electrophoretic media, and an adhesive, as well as coating an insulating layer and a second conductive layer onto a second substrate to provide a backplane. The first substrate and first conductive layer may be transparent, and the second substrate may include a plurality of conductors. The method may further include scoring the second substrate to provide a removable portion, laminating the front plane laminate to the backplane, removing the portion from the second substrate to provide an opening in the backplane, and filling the opening with a conductive material to provide an electrical connection between the first conductive layer and one of the plurality of conductors. Electrophoretic displays made according to the various methods are also provided.

Abstract: A composite electrophoretic display comprised of multiple, stacked, non-planar electrophoretic displays. The individual electrophoretic displays that form the composite display may be driven separately using different driving signals. The electrical connections for the individual displays may be configured to minimize the impact of the electrical connections on the overall aesthetic of the composite display.

Abstract: The examples herein relate to assembly techniques and structures for sealing and lateral pressure compensation techniques that can be utilized in, for example, an electrowetting cell. The electrowetting cell can include a substrate that supports a well filled with a liquid. The electrowetting cell can include a control channel electrode to control the liquid via an electric field and a circuit connection to drive the control channel electrode. A seal is coupled to a spacer to seal the well between the substrate and the transparent cover. An expansion space, exterior to the well, is formed with the coupling of the seal and the spacer. As the liquid or the gas thermally expands or contracts, the seal compensates laterally by deforming sideways in an empty space of the expansion space.

Abstract: An optical module includes: first and second optical elements; third and fourth optical elements; a first polarization control element and a first reflective light modulator that are sequentially arranged in one of a positive direction of a first vector and a negative direction of a second vector from the second optical element; a second polarization control element and a second reflective light modulator that are sequentially arranged in one of a negative direction of the first vector and a positive direction of the second vector from the third optical element; and a sliding mechanism that relatively moves the first and second optical elements and the third and fourth optical elements in the direction of the first vector relative.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a display panel provided in an embodiment according to the present disclosure comprises: forming a light reflecting member on a support member in such a manner that the light reflecting member comprises a plurality of protruding structures which is arranged on the support member in an array form and surfaces of which define an enclosed area; and forming a first electrode and a light guide in order on the support member formed with the light reflecting member, charged particles being provided between the light reflecting member and the first electrode.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus is provided for generating data used to form on a recording medium an uneven layer on which a plurality of unit areas each having a projection are arranged, including: a first obtaining unit that obtains first brightness information regarding a brightness of a predetermined area of an object observed in a first viewing direction and a brightness of the predetermined area of the object observed in a second viewing direction having an elevation angle different from that of the first viewing direction; and a first generation unit that generates first recording amount data that indicates a recording amount of recording material used to form the uneven layer on the recording medium, the uneven layer being formed such that at least one of a width of each of the unit areas and a height of the projection changes, on a basis of the first brightness information.

Abstract: This present invention relates to bus bar configurations and fabrication methods of non-rectangular shaped (e.g., triangular, trapezoidal, circular, pentagonal, hexagonal, arched, etc.) optical devices. The optical device comprises a first side, a second side, and a third side adjacent to the second side and two bus bars spanning a portion of the optical device.

Abstract: An electrowetting display device includes a first support plate and a second support plate opposite the first support plate, and a plurality of pixel walls over the first support plate. The plurality of pixel walls are associated with an electrowetting pixel and define a volume containing at least a portion of an oil and an electrolyte fluid. The electrolyte fluid has a first refractive index. The electrowetting display device includes a pixel spacer between a first pixel wall in the plurality of pixel walls and the second support plate. A second refractive index of the pixel spacer is less than the first refractive index. The electrowetting display device includes a pixel electrode over the first support plate for applying a voltage within the electrowetting pixel to cause relative displacement of the oil and the electrolyte fluid.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method, for testing a visual function of a subject, that make it possible to appropriately test the sensitivity for each color for each region of a visual field. In a state in which the subject is caused to gaze at one point 6 in a background 7, a visual target 5 for testing a color-related visual function of the subject is displayed in a peripheral region of the gaze point 6 such that the luminance of the background 7 has a numerical value included between a numerical value smaller by 10% and a numerical value greater by 10% than the luminance of the visual target 5. Then, for each measurement point 300, a threshold that is a size of the visual target 5 that determines whether or not the subject can perceive the visual target 5 is obtained for a plurality of times.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solution for focusing on each imaging target of a subject eye in a robust and highly accurate way. An information processing apparatus includes, a confocal data acquisition unit configured to acquire a confocal signal based on return light from the subject eye, a nonconfocal data acquisition unit configured to acquire a nonconfocal signal based on the return light from the subject eye, and an identification unit configured to identify an in-focus position of measurement light based at least on the nonconfocal signal out of the confocal and the nonconfocal signals.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a light source; a condensing unit that condenses light emitted from the light source; and a diverging unit that diverges the light entering from the condensing unit and that emits the light toward an image display unit of a light transmission type in a head-up display device. For example, the diverging unit is a lens in which both surfaces of an incident surface into which the light from the condensing unit enters as well as an emission surface from which the light is emitted toward the image display unit, are concave surfaces.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a freestanding film having at least one population of through holes cumulatively totaling at least 1% of the film area, wherein the standard deviation of hole diameters is less than 25% and a thickness less than 25 micrometers, The film provides a carrier substrate, a photo-curable material, a release agent and deposits a photo-curable material on the substrate, selectively curing the material and leaving uncured material in the pattern of holes, dissolving away the uncured material and removing the cured material from the carrier substrate. Methods and apparatus are described.

Abstract: A system for testing the vision of a subject is disclosed herein. The system includes a motion sensing device, the motion sensing device configured to measure a velocity of a head of a subject; a visual display device having an output screen, the visual display device configured to display one or more visual objects on the output screen so that the one or more visual objects are visible to the subject; and a data processing device, the data processing device operatively coupled to the motion sensing device and the visual display device, the data processing device being specially programmed to carry out the steps of the vision tests during which the subject's head undergoes an impulse displacement. A method for the testing the vision of a subject is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A display device comprising an array of display elements. A light redirection structure comprises a material shaped to from a recess having an opening in a surface of the light redirection structure. A cover structure has a surface which contacts the light redirection structure and covers the recess.

Abstract: An electrowetting element comprises a wall transmissive to light of a first wavelength. A support plate comprises an electrode and a layer absorbent to light of the first wavelength, which for example has passed into the support plate through the wall.

Abstract: At least one embodiment of an image processing apparatus is provided for generating data used to form on a recording medium an uneven layer having a plurality of projections, including: a first obtaining unit that obtains first brightness information regarding a brightness of a predetermined area of an object observed in a first viewing direction and regarding a brightness of the predetermined area of the object observed in a second viewing direction, the second viewing direction having an azimuth angle different from an azimuth angle of the first viewing direction; and a first generation unit that generates first recording amount data that indicates a recording amount of recording material used to form the uneven layer on the recording medium, the uneven layer having the projections each having a base in a shape that changes, on a basis of the first brightness information.

Abstract: Optical apparatus includes an acousto-optic medium and an array of multiple piezoelectric transducers attached to the acousto-optic medium. A drive circuit is coupled to apply to the piezoelectric transducers respective drive signals including at least first and second frequency components at different, respective first and second frequencies and with different, respective phase offsets for the first and second frequency components at each of the multiple piezoelectric transducers.