Abstract: A backlight for a display includes a plurality of illumination modules, each illumination module including a light source and a reflective member. A portion of the reflective member is disposed over the light source. A liquid crystal display panel is disposed over the plurality of illumination modules. The reflective member is configured such that a majority of light from the light source is directed parallel to the liquid crystal display panel, to provide uniform illumination of the liquid crystal display panel. In some embodiments, the light source is at least one semiconductor light emitting diode.

Abstract: An optical fiber-type optical filter includes: two fiber regions, namely, the first and second PBGF regions, each of which includes: a core section extending in a waveguide direction of incident light; and a clad section extending in the waveguide direction and surrounding the core section, wherein the clad section includes a plurality of high rods which have a refractive index higher than that of a base material of the clad section, extend in the waveguide direction, and are arranged periodically in a cross section perpendicular to the waveguide direction, and a light loss region between mutually-facing end surfaces of the first and second fiber regions, for coupling a radiation mode with a waveguide mode in which light intensity is observed in the high refractive-index sections in the clad section.

Abstract: A pixel structure includes a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode. The second pixel electrode is configured around the first pixel electrode. The first pixel electrode is coupled to a first voltage and the second pixel electrode is coupled to a second voltage. The second voltage is higher than the first voltage. The area of the first pixel electrode is larger than that of the second pixel electrode.

Abstract: A multi-fiber cable assembly includes a plurality of optical fibers and at least two fiber grouping members disposed in a reverse double helical configuration about the plurality of optical fibers. An outer jacket surrounds the fiber grouping members and the plurality of optical fibers.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical branching device and an optical communication system which are easy to connect with optical fibers. In the optical branching device, when light emitted from an optical fiber in a front stage is incident on an entrance port of a multicore optical fiber, the light propagates through a first core and then is distributed from the first core to four second cores by core-to-core crosstalk between the first and second cores. The light beams distributed to the four second cores propagate through the respective cores and are emitted to four optical waveguides optically coupled core-to-core thereto within a fan-out part at exit ports.

Abstract: A Mach-Zehnder interferometer type optical modulator includes first and third optical waveguides; input and output optical couplers; and a phase shifting section disposed between the input and output optical couplers. The phase shifting section includes first and second optical waveguide structures each including an n-type semiconductor section, a core layer and a cladding layer. The cladding layer of the first optical waveguide structure includes a first section disposed on the core layer, and second and third sections disposed on the first section. The second and third sections are juxtaposed to each other in a direction that intersects a waveguiding direction. The first and second sections are composed of a p-type semiconductor, and the third section is composed of an undoped semiconductor.

Abstract: An optical fiber contact for transmitting moderate-magnitude optical power. The fiber contact includes an optical fiber having an inner core and a surrounding cladding for transmitting the radiation in the core. Additional surrounding layers including so-called buffer and jackets mechanically stabilize the optical fiber. The forward part of the optical fiber contact is surrounded by a transparent tubular member. The tubular member extends a certain length along the outer cylindrical surface of the cladding. There is no heating by power loss radiation, as the power loss radiation is leaving the contact as optical radiation. To disperse radiation propagating within the cladding, the cladding includes a roughening or additional layers of a transparent material. In case of additional layers of transparent material then the outermost layer should be roughened.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical device includes a first optical waveguide including first, second, and third sections; a second optical waveguide including fourth, fifth, and sixth sections; an input optical coupler; and an output optical coupler. The first and second optical waveguides and the input and output optical couplers each include a first cladding layer composed of an n-type semiconductor and a core layer. The second and fifth sections each include an intermediate semiconductor layer on the core layer, and a second cladding layer composed of an n-type semiconductor. The first, third, fourth, and sixth sections and the input and output optical couplers each further include a third cladding layer on the core layer. At least one of the third cladding layers includes a first cladding section on the core layer and a second cladding section on the first cladding section. The second cladding section is composed of a semi-insulating semiconductor.

Abstract: A fiber optic connector for making a mechanical splice with an optical fiber secured in an optical fiber handler is disclosed. The fiber optic connector provides the craft with a simple, fast and reliable way for terminating the optical fiber.

Abstract: Each pixel region includes first and second pixel electrodes (17a, 17b) and first and second capacitor electrodes (67x, 67y) positioned on a layer where a data signal line (15) exists. The first and second capacitor electrodes are aligned in a row direction in such a manner as to overlap a retention capacitor line (18) via a first insulating film and to overlap the second pixel electrode (17b) via a second insulating film. A drain electrode (9) of a transistor (12), the first pixel electrode (17a), a first connection line (38) connected with the first capacitor electrode (67x), and the second connection line connected with the second capacitor electrode (67y) are electrically connected with one another. A part of the first connection line (38) and a part of the second connection line (39) do not overlap the retention capacitor line (18).

Abstract: A waterproof communication cable connection box includes a protective cover, a cable pass-through end surface, a hollow cylindrical pipe formed on the cable pass-through end surface, an elastic rubber shrinking pipe, and a flexible hard plastic strip provided on the inner wall of the elastic rubber shrinking pipe. The plastic strip will be removed after a cable passes through the cable connection box so that the elastic rubber shrinking pipe closely covers the hollow cylindrical pipe and the cable part exposing outside of the hollow cylindrical pipe.

Abstract: An optical fiber ribbon is capable of branching by means of any tool. The optical fiber ribbon is comprised of a plurality of optical fibers running in parallel, each of the optical fibers having an allowable radius of curvature; a blanket sheath totally covering the plurality of the optical fibers; one or more concavities formed at any one or more intermediates among the optical fibers; and slits respectively arranged in series at a regular interval along the concavities, the slits penetrating the blanket sheath and allowing the tool to be inserted and the blanket sheath to split by means of movement of the tool along the concavities. The length of each slit prior to insertion of the tool is so determined that flexures of the optical fibers induced by the tool widening the slits do not exceed the allowable radius of curvature.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with a first substrate and a first pixel electrode on the first substrate. The first pixel electrode extends along first and second directions and has a plurality of first pixel electrode strips arranged along a first direction. The display also has a common electrode on the first substrate that is spaced from the pixel electrode along a third direction. In addition, the display has a light shield extending along the second direction and positioned to overlap at least part of an outermost strip of the first pixel electrode along the first direction.

Abstract: An optical concentrator having a concentrating element for collecting input light, a redirecting element for receiving the light and also for redirecting the light, and a waveguide including a plurality of incremental portions enabling collection and concentration of the light onto a receiver. Other systems replace the receiver by a light source so the optics can provide illumination.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable includes an unbuffered optical fiber, a tensile reinforcement member surrounding the unbuffered optical fiber, and a jacket surrounding the tensile reinforcement member. The jacket is suitable for outside plant environment. A water blocking material is placed between the unbuffered fiber and the jacket. The unbuffered optical fiber comprises an ultra bend-insensitive fiber that meets the requirements of ITU-T G.657.B3 and exhibits an additional loss of less than approximately 0.2 dB/turn when the fiber is wrapped around a 5 mm bend radius mandrel. The optical fiber cable also exhibits an additional loss of less than approximately 0.4 dB/km at 1550 nm when the cable is subjected to ?20° C. outside plant environment.

Abstract: Active optical cable assemblies, and systems, methods, and adapter modules and integrated circuits for facilitating communication between a host and a client device over a fiber optic cable are disclosed. In one embodiment, an active optical cable assembly includes a fiber optic cable having at least one optical fiber, a host active circuit, a client active circuit, a host connector, and a client connector. Upon a connection between the host active circuit and a host device, the client termination switch closes to couple the client termination impedance to the ground reference potential. Upon a connection between the client active circuit and a client device, the host termination switch closes to the couple the host termination impedance to the ground reference potential. In another embodiment, a method includes enabling a host termination impedance upon a connection of an active optical cable to a client device.

Abstract: A low cost, high performance, low profile flexible reinforcement member that can be used for both optical and copper communications cable. The reinforcement members made according to the preferred process are more rigid than known reinforcement members, but are less rigid than glass pultruded rods. Communications cables utilizing these members are lightweight and exhibit an improved combination of strength and flexibility compared to traditional communications cables. Further, these communication cables may then be installed into underground ducts using more economical and faster installation techniques.

Abstract: A photoelectric composite wiring module, being superior in performances and mass-productivity thereof, and a transmission apparatus of applying that therein are provided. Optical devices 2a and 2b are disposed on a circuit board 1, so that they are optically coupled with optical guides 11 formed on the circuit board 1, wherein a filet-like resin is formed on a side surface of a bump, which is formed on side surfaces or/and upper portions of the optical devices, on an upper layer thereof being compressed a resin film to be adhered thereon, thereby forming an insulation film 31, and an electric wiring layer 3 is laminated, so that the electrodes of the optical devices 2 and wirings of the electric wiring layer are electrically connected with, and further thereon is mounted a semiconductor element 4; thereby obtaining the structure for brining the transmission speed to be high per channel, and for preventing the power consumption from increasing.

Abstract: A transform spectrometer measurement apparatus and method for a planar waveguide circuit (PLC). The spectrometer typically includes an input optical signal waveguide carrying an input optical signal; a plurality of couplers, each connected to the input optical signal waveguide, and each including a coupler output for carrying a coupled optical signal related to the input optical signal; and an array of interleaved, waveguide Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI), each having at least one input MZI waveguide, each MZI input waveguide receiving a coupled optical signal from a respective coupler output. A phase shifting circuit is applied to at least one arm of the MZIs to induce an active phase shift on the arm to thereby measure phase error in the MZIs. Light output from the MZIs is measured under intrinsic phase error conditions and after an active phase shift by the phase shifting circuit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel having a plurality of pixels and a first substrate and a second substrate that are so disposed as to be opposed to each other and sandwich a liquid crystal layer, each of the pixels including a display sub-pixel and a viewing angle control sub-pixel, the liquid crystal display panel, includes: a first electrode configured to operate as a pixel electrode and be formed in the first substrate and in each of the display sub-pixels and the viewing angle control sub-pixels; and a second electrode configured to operate as a common electrode and be formed in the first substrate and over the first electrode with intermediary of an insulating film across the display sub-pixels and the viewing angle control sub-pixels, wherein an auxiliary interconnect electrically connected to the second electrode is formed in the viewing angle control sub-pixel.