Abstract: An accumulator with plate element of positive and negative electrode plates with interposed separators, lugs on the electrode plates interconnected by connecting straps, and at least one rib secured on the top surface of the plate and separator to secure the plate element to end walls. This enhances the capability of the accumulator to withstand vibration, i.e. makes it shake-resistant.

Abstract: An iron-silver battery is made, consisting of at least one positive electrode plate and at least one negative electrode plate housed in a case containing an alkaline electrolyte; where the positive plate comprises a silver supporting plaque containing silver active battery material, the negative plate comprises an expansible, diffusion bonded, metal fiber supporting plaque containing iron oxide active battery material with a sulfur additive, and the plates are separated from each other by a material that is not chemically attacked by the electrolyte or ions contained in the electrolyte. The silver electrode is disposed between and contacts 60% to 90% porous separators and a microporous separator contacts the porous separator forming a multi-ply laminate.

Abstract: A novel electrochemical cell is disclosed utilizing: (a) an anode which contains as the anode-active material an alkali metal, (b) a cathode which contains as the cathode-active material a chalcogenide of the empirical formula M'A.sub.p wherein M' is one or more metals selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum and vanadium, A is one or more chalcogens selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium, and p is a numerical value between about 1.8 and about 3.2; and (c) a solid electrolyte consisting essentially of one or more solvated metal-alkali metal-halogen compounds of the formula ZMX.sub.n wherein Z is an alkali metal, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn (stannous), P and As, and wherein X is one or more halogens selected from the group consisting of chlorine, fluorine, bromine and iodine and n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M.

Abstract: A novel electrochemical cell is disclosed utilizing an alkali metal anode, a fluorinated carbon cathode and a solid electrolyte consisting essentially of one or more solvated metal-alkali metal-halogen compounds of the formula ZMX.sub.n wherein Z is an alkali metal, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn (stannous), P and As, wherein X is one or more halogens selected from the group consisting of chlorine, fluorine, bromine and iodine, and wherein n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M. Preferred are the cells wherein the anode is lithium, the cathode is C.sub.2 F, and the electrolyte consists essentially of solid solvated metal-lithium-halogen salt.

Abstract: High energy density electric cells have lithium as the negative active material, a silver salt or a silver oxide as the positive material and a solution comprising one solute and at least two solvents as the electrolyte. According to the invention, the first solvent is chosen from the group of esters and the second is chosen from the group formed by benzene and its substituted derivatives.

Abstract: An improved metal-halogen electrochemical cell particularly a zinc bromide cell, contains a water soluble organo substituted amino acid salt in the electrolyte which forms a substantially water insoluble liquid complex with cathodic halogen thereby reducing self-discharge of the cell.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved tubular battery plate comprising a porous envelope enclosing a current collector comprising an array of members extending perpendicularly from an end member which affords a current take off lug with active material disposed between the perpendicular current collector members and the inside face of the porous envelope the ratio of the length of the tubes in cms to the free cross sectional area in sq. cms being in the range 100.1 to 295.1 and the degree of stratification of the active material in the tubes being less than 5%.

Abstract: Electrolyte compositions for reversible alkali metal cells, e.g., lithium batteries, are described which consist essentially of (a) organic solvents selected from the group consisting of inertly substituted and unsubstituted ethers, esters, sulfones, organic sulfites, organic sulfates, organic nitrites and organic nitrates; and (b) electrolytically active alkali metal salts including organometallic alkali metal salts having the formula ZMR.sub.n wherein Z is an alkali metal, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Cd, B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Sn (stannous), P and As, the Rs are certain organic radicals, and n is a numerical value equal to one plus the valence of the metal M. Rechargeable, high energy density electrochemical cells containing an anode having an alkali metal as its active material, a cathode, e.g., one having as its active material a transition metal chalcogenide, and an electrolyte composition of the above-described type, are also described.

Abstract: A novel electrochemical cell is disclosed utilizing an alkali metal anode, a fluorinated carbon cathode and a solid electrolyte consisting essentially of one or more alkali metal aluminum tetrahalide compounds of the formula MAlX.sub.4 wherein M is an alkali metal and X is one or more halogens selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine. Preferred is the cell wherein the anode is lithium, the cathode is C.sub.2 F, and the electrolyte consists essentially of LiAlCl.sub.4.

Abstract: This invention generally relates to a lead-acid storage battery comprising positive plates having the characteristic of both paste type and clad type plates and pasted negative plates which are alternately arranged and separators each disposed between the adjacent positive and negative plates. The positive plates each comprise a grid or substrate having spaced longitudinal members of electrically conducting material and spaced latitudinal members formed integrally with the longitudinal members, the latitudinal members having the thickness smaller than that of the longitudinal members. The latitudinal members may be omitted if the substrate can be filled with active material without any latitudinal members. Each of the positive plates comprises pasted active material filled in the grid; and active material holder composed of porous insulating sheets mounted on active material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for electrically and mechanically connecting the backplates of a bipolar electrode to be used in a filter press electrolytic cell for electrochemical production. This method employs the use of explosion bonded solid metallic strips between the two backplates of a bipolar electrode to provide the essential electrical and mechanical connection therebetween while leaving sufficient air space to allow the escape of hydrogen gas thereby preventing hydrogen embrittlement of the titanium anode backplate.

Abstract: A battery including means housing a plurality of electrically interconnected electrochemical cells. Each electrochemical cell includes a container retaining an aqueous electrolyte, and anode and cathode electrodes. The aqueous electrolyte evolves hydrogen, under certain conditions, during electrical discharge and/or storage of the cell. The cathode electrode includes a reducible oxide of a metal. The battery housing includes an agent for converting hydrogen to water molecules and a second agent for retaining water molecules.

Abstract: A rechargeable, high temperature, electrochemical cell is made, comprising an anode containing an intermetallic compound of magnesium with silicon or magnesium with boron, a cathode containing a metal sulfide and a contacting, fused halide salt electrolyte, containing magnesium ions disposed between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: Stable materials, such as films of fluorinated ethylene-propylene copolymers, are bonded to synthetic resinous cell frames with a cyanoacrylate adhesive. The so-covered frames are optimally employed in bipolar electrolytic filter press cells.

Abstract: In a reactive metal-water electrochemical battery, means for minimizing the destructive erosion of the reactive metal anode material on those anode surfaces not being actively employed in the operation of the battery. More particularly, in one embodiment, the non-working anode surfaces are maintained in intimate relationship with the battery casing to prevent the eroding electrolyte from contacting the non-working surfaces. In another embodiment, the electrolyte is confined to the working surface of the anode by means of flexible seals which protect the non-working surfaces.

Abstract: A sealed lead acid cell is disclosed which has electrodes comprising metallic supports which minimize the evolution of hydrogen and resist deformation under their own weight, and which are separated by at least one layer of separator material, the capacity of the negative electrodes is arranged to be at least as great as the capacity of the positive electrodes, the thickness of the electrodes is less than 3mm, the thickness of the separator is in the range of 10 to 200% of the thickness of the electrodes, and the volume, E, of electrolyte in the cell in relation to the sum of the pore volume of the separators, X, and the pore volume of the positive and negative active materials, Y, is not greater than 2X + Y.

Abstract: A method for encasing electrochemical cells in a porous structure of pellets adhered to one another enabling individual cell venting, and a battery utilizing the porous structure.

Abstract: A process for activation of foil or sheet substrate to render it suitable for electrochemical use comprising first anodically treating the impervious substrate in an aqueous ammonical solution of nickel nitrate and thereafter cathodically treating the thus anodically treated substrate in an aqueous acid electrolyte containing nickel ions and reducible ions, the redox potential of which is more positive than the discharge potential of nickel ions.

Abstract: Hermetic closure for electrochemical cells utilizing glass to metal seals in combination with electrolyte introduction means. A hollow tube anode current collector is sealed to a glass ring which is sealed to a metal outer ring.

Abstract: A battery is disclosed having a nonaqueous electrolyte, an alkali metal anode and a cathode comprising a compound of grahite formed by reacting graphite with ClF.sub.3 and a Lewis acid fluoride of an element selected from B, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, Bi, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb and Ta.