Abstract: The apparatus for the collection and distribution of liquid in a column having at least one lamella collector and a distributor outflow system which is arranged below it. A side passage is contained in the or in each lamella collector and liquid outflow openings are arranged in a combination, as a result of which a hydrodynamic equalization for a liquid to be distributed results.

Abstract: A system for reducing the temperature of exhaust gas in an incinerator or boiler equipment having an exceedingly small size and avoiding any difficulties caused by damage to the wall surface of a gas cooling chamber due to adherence of sprayed water droplets and deposition of dust. More specifically, pressurized thermal water with a temperature higher than a boiling point of water under atmospheric pressure is sprayed as temperature reduction water into high temperature exhaust gas Gh in a gas cooling chamber or an exhaust gas duct. The temperature reduction of exhaust gas and the removal of acidic gas in the exhaust gas are simultaneously achieved by spraying pressurized thermal water Wt containing an alkaline solution as temperature reduction water into high temperature exhaust gas Gh in the gas cooling chamber or the exhaust gas duct.

Abstract: A reverse flow air filter arrangement is provided. The arrangement includes a filter element having first and second end caps, the second end cap having a central drainage aperture. A funnel shape on an interior surface of second end cap is used to direct moisture flow to the drainage aperture. The arrangement includes a housing in which the filter element is positioned, operatively, during use. Certain features in the housing facilitate moisture withdrawal from the filter element while also inhibiting interference with sealing between the filter element and the housing.

Abstract: A compost aerator for aerating a compost/liquid mixture. The aerator has a aerator pump located downstream from a liquid inlet. The aerator pump has a plurality of impellers mounted on a rotor which spins within a circular channel though which the liquid flows. The liquid is propelled through the channel by the impellers and, as the area of the channel decreases downstream from the impellers caused by the increase in diameter of the rotor, the velocity of the liquid increases. Air enters the channel upstream from the impellers and is drawn with the liquid through the channel. The diameter of the rotor then decreases significantly thereby causing the area of the liquid carrying channel to increase suddenly downstream of the widest portion of the rotor. Turbulence occurs in this area and bubbles are formed which are released from the outlet of the compost aerator into the compost/liquid mixture to perform aeration for bacterial breakdown.

Abstract: A supply system for feeding a fluid to a vessel (1) is described, which is provided with a feedline (10), having a reservoir which is filled with the fluid and a compressed-gas store (14) which can be brought into communication with this reservoir (13), in which system the reservoir (13) and the compressed-gas store (14) are arranged in immediate proximity to one another, and wherein the reservoir (13) can, when required, be brought into communication with the feedline (10) via connection pieces (11, 12).

Abstract: The present invention involves a fill consisting of a plurality of plates that are pre-assembled into fill packs for application as fill media in cooling towers. A unique spacing and fastening system is employed to assemble individual plates into fill packs. The spacing system of the current invention utilizes a tube or rod which traverses apertures in the plates of the fill pack. The tube or rod is flattened or expanded in the area between the fill plates, thus locking the fill plates in place. The spacing system of the current invention provides substantially complete adjustability of the pitch of the fill plates. Alternatively, plate spacing can be effected by employing integral protrusions which bond to adjacent plates. The plates are designed to deploy a large amount of surface area in a compact volume and to allow free flow of fluids through the media. The plates utilize a ribbed structure which creates a relatively high strength-to-weight ratio for the individual plates.

Abstract: A layer of mixed-resistance structured packing includes: a first structured packing having a first packing resistance; and a second structured packing generally horizontally adjacent the first structured packing, the second structured packing having a second packing resistance different than the first packing resistance. The layer of mixed-resistance structured packing is used in exchange columns for exchanging heat and/or mass between a first phase and a second phase in processes such as cryogenic air separation. Use of the layer of mixed-resistance structured packing reduces HETP (height equivalent to a theoretical plate) in the exchange columns and processes. A method also is provided for assembling the layer of mixed-resistance structured packing in an exchange column.

Abstract: A cooling unit includes a housing (1) with an evaporating unit (7) installed on the inclined roof of a cabin and an external water reservoir (29) with a rising pump (31) installed lower down, between the cabin and the rear part of a truck. The return hose (15′) of the excess water gutter (45) coming from the evaporator has an upper end (14) connected to the front part of the gutter and then it crosses a rising stretch to leave by the rear part of the housing and descending down to its lower end which is connected at the outlet of the pump, together with the feed hose (6) of the evaporator by means of a coupling (47). The pump control is intermittent, with a duty cycle lower than 10%, sufficient to purge the return hose.

Abstract: An ordered column packing—in the form of packing layers containing flow channels (2)—has a foil-like material (1) with a fine structuring (10). The foil-like material is profiled with concave structure elements (3b; minus sign −) and convex structure elements (3a; plus sign +) in an alternating arrangement. An average distance “a” exists between centers of adjacent concave and convex structure elements respectively. This average distance “a” is substantially smaller than a distance between centerlines (20) of adjacent flow passages. The foil-like material has a second fine structuring in the form of regularly arranged apertures (5). An average distance “b” between centers of adjacent apertures is smaller than the average distance “a”, preferably smaller by at least 50%; and edges (51, 52) of the apertures have in each case a shape including convex and concave locations (6a, 6b).

Abstract: A porous diffuser is disclosed. The porous diffuser can be in the form of a hose or other structure, the wall of the hose or structure having many small and irregularly shaped channels and pores that allow gas to seep out of the hose into the liquid. The diffuser receives air, oxygen or other gasses, and releases these gasses as bubbles into the liquid through the channels and pores. As the bubbles migrate in the liquid, they diffuse their gas into the liquid, as well a mix the liquid. The porous diffuser also provides for convenient methods to purge the system of liquid that has seeped into the diffuser during normal use and to retrieve the diffuser when maintenance, repair or replacement is required. An anchoring system can be incorporated with the porous diffuser to overcome buoyancy problems associated with gas in a liquid environment which can reduce or prevent proper gas distribution.

Abstract: Water vapor is introduced into an inlet air stream (16) of an engine (12), for example, by a pervaporation process through a non-porous hydrophilic membrane (18). A water reservoir (20), which can contain contaminated water, provides a vapor pressure gradient across the hydrophilic membrane (18) into the inlet air stream (16), while the rate of delivery of the water vapor to a cylinder (38-40) is self-regulated by the rate of flow of air across the membrane. The hydrophilic membrane (18) therefore also filters the water from the water reservoir (20) to an extent that pure water vapor is provided to the air inlet stream (16). Delivery of water vapor can nevertheless be controlled using a hood (26) that slides over the hydrophilic membrane to limit its exposed surface area.

Abstract: An apparatus for securing an aerating device, for aerating water with fine bubbles, to an air supply conduit is provided. The aerating device is detachably connected to a mounting that is secured to an air supply conduit. The mounting is provided with an undercut groove into which engages the projection of the aerating device in the manner of a dovetail connection, thereby providing a horizontal insertion movement of the aerating device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a packing sheet having straight-line kinks which divide the packing sheet into kink areas which have a width a, measured from kink edge to kink edge, and passage apertures, where a proportion X of at least 60% of the passage apertures has a separation b of at most 0.4 a from a kink edge.

Abstract: A humidifier apparatus has a source of water such as a tank, joined through an inlet valve to a manifold providing water flow from the inlet valve to a vent stack and a mist stack. The stacks extend upwardly from the manifold and are positioned for sharing a common water level. Both stacks are open at their top. An ultrasonic mist generator is positioned below the mist stack and is enabled for generating a mist within the mist stack. The vent stack provides a water sensor enabled for detecting a preferred water level in the vent and mist stacks and for controlling the inlet valve to maintain this preferred water level.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a bubble cap including: a riser having a lower end located within and extending through an aperture in the plate of the distribution apparatus and a top end to define a passageway between the ends; a cap located over the top end of the riser, the cap having a top portion and a downwardly extending skirt portion; at least one spacer located between the riser and the cap to maintain a gap between the top end of the riser and the cap; and a plurality of riser vanes located between the top end of the riser and the top portion of the cap. An annulus (“bubble cap annulus”) is created between the riser and the cap. The riser vanes are preferably flush against the underside of the bubble cap top wall. The riser vanes are spaced from each other to form vane passageways. Preferably, the vane passageways are the only (or sole) means of fluid communication between the bubble cap annulus and the riser passageway.

Abstract: The invention provides an evaporative media unit for use in cooling towers, the unit providing surfaces for heat exchange between liquid and air, and including at least one cross-fluted structure composed of multi-layered, corrugated cardboard sheets forming an array of inlet openings on a first side of the structure, and an array of outlet openings on a second side of the structure substantially opposite the first side.

Abstract: A flow distributor is provided for distributing liquid onto a packed bed of a process column. The distributor includes an elongated liquid trough having first and second laterally spaced, longitudinally extending sidewalls and a longitudinally extending floor which extends between and interconnects the sidewalls. The sidewalls each have a plurality of holes therethrough, which holes are spaced apart longitudinally of the distributor. The distributor also includes a respective elongated liquid distributor drainpipe for each of the holes. Each pipe has first and second ends and a central internal liquid conducting passageway extending therethrough between its ends. Each pipe also has a first segment adjacent its first end and a second segment spaced longitudinally of the pipe from the first end. The segments are angularly disposed relative to one another. The distributor also includes a respective connector assembly for each of the pipes.

Abstract: An aerator or destratifier used to provide Oxygen to standing or less active bodies of water. The aerator has a non-floating internally driven motor within a non-floating sealed drum. The drum and motor are supported by a support frame attached to floatation devices. A plurality of elliptically shaped paddles are externally affixed to the exterior surface of the non-floating drum. Rotation of the drum by the internal motor and gearbox causes rotation of the plurality of paddles affixed to the drum exterior. The plurality of paddles cause agitation of the body of water and allow Oxygen to be dissolved therein.

Abstract: A cooling tower is provided including a cooling chamber with a bottom-to-top cooling air flow and a water injection system having spray nozzles horizontally distributed within the cooling chamber. A first air intake and a second air intake lead into the cooling chamber from below and, respectively, laterally from above the water injection system. The second air intake is implemented by a pipe, protruding into the interior of the cooling chamber, the pipe having at least two stages, beginning with a first stage next to a wall of the cooling chamber, the stages having progressively reduced flow cross-sections.

Abstract: A diffuser mounting assembly includes two saddle sections having integral outlet fittings to which elongated air diffusers can be mounted for aerating liquid in a basin. Air laterals installed in the basin receive the saddle sections on opposite sides so that the outlet fittings and diffusers extending on opposite sides of the laterals. Wedge fasteners are applied to flanges on the top and bottom edges of the saddle sections to secure them on the laterals. The outlet fittings are offset below center on the saddle sections so that both the laterals and diffusers can be located adjacent to the floor. The diffusers with a saddle section attached to each can be shipped in a compact configuration in shipping cartons.