Abstract: A antiglare layer 12 having a fine uneven surface is formed directly or through other layer(s) on a transparent substrate film 11, and a layer 13 having a low refractive index, which is lower than the refractive index of the antiglare layer 12, is formed thereon. The refractive index of the antiglare layer 12 is higher than the refractive index of a layer in contact with said antiglare layer 12 on its surface remote from the layer 13 having a low refractive index. An SiO.sub.x film may be used as the layer 13 having a low refractive index. The SiO.sub.x film per se has excellent gas barrier property and antifouling property as an optical functional membrane and is an optical functional material characterized by having excellent moistureproofness, scratch resistance, adhesion to a substrate, transparency, low refractive index, dye, deterioration preventive property, and other properties.
Abstract: A composite hologram comprises a plurality of hologram tiles arranged for display, each of said hologram tiles formed by exposing each of a plurality of different unexposed photographic plates simultaneously to light scattered by an intermediate hologram using a conjugate complex of a first reference wave from a coherent light source and to a second reference wave from said coherent light source.