Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide network traffic marking and measurement methods and a node, and relate to the field of communications technologies, and specifically, to network traffic measurement and network traffic distribution. The network traffic measurement method includes: receiving, by a second node, a data packet sent by another node in a network, where the data packet is periodically marked by the another node, and each node has a different period of marking a data packet. According to the application, the second node may distinguish, based on the period of marking the data packet, traffic sent by the another node in the network, to obtain network traffic sent by the another node in the network to the second node. Upon implementing the traffic measurement method, data plane overheads can be reduced, and a hardware implementation process is simplified.

Abstract: A message sending method includes obtaining, by a group management server, a message sending period interval corresponding to a first group. The the message sending period interval includes a start time and an end time. The method also includes sending, by the group management server, the message sending period interval to a group member of the first group. The method further includes receiving, by the group management server, a first message sent by an application server. The method additionally includes sending, by the group management server, the first message to the group member of the first group within the message sending period interval.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide an information feedback method which performed by a transmitting end, the method includes: obtaining a direct link transmission resource; sending first direct communication data to a receiving end by using the direct link transmission resource, where the first direct communication data carries feedback indication information and sending manner indication information, the feedback indication information is used to indicate whether a receiving feedback needs to be performed for the first direct communication data, and the sending manner indication information is used to indicate that a manner of sending the first direct communication data is at least one of unicast, multicast, or broadcast; when the feedback indication information indicates that a feedback needs to be performed for the first direct communication data, receiving second direct communication data sent by the receiving end on a direct link feedback resource, where the second direct communication data carries

Abstract: A service enabler architecture layer (SEAL) system for a wireless communication network and a method therefor are provided. The SEAL system includes: a SEAL function entity including SEAL service servers corresponding to functionalities associated with service applications, where the SEAL function entity is an intermediate layer between a 3GPP network core and a service application system, and interfaces provided by the SEAL service servers. The SEAL system also provisions inter-services communication in a SEAL system of wireless communication network by receiving a request from a service application system for accessing at least one functionality of a plurality of functionalities, determines at least one functionality of the plurality of functionalities requested by the service application system based on the request, and provides at least one functionality to the service application system based on the inter-services communication in the SEAL system.

Abstract: A first filter specifying handling of one or more network packets received via a network is identified. A first set of access bounds to be used by a network interface card (NIC) to synchronize the one or more network packets received via the network is determined in view of the first filter. The first set of access bounds are provided to a driver of the NIC.

Abstract: Wireless communications between a base station and one or more wireless devices are described. Multiple downlink reference signals may correspond to multiple random access resources for a random access procedure. A base station may provide a set of downlink reference signals before a set of physical random access channels (PRACHs) are available for use. A wireless device performing a random access procedure may select two or more random access resource occasions (e.g., PRACH occasions) based on the downlink reference signals. Using a listen before talk (LBT) procedure, the wireless device may select a first available random access resource occasion from the two or more random access resource occasions that are determined to be clear.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an information transmission method and an apparatus, where the information transmission method includes: determining, by a base station, a first transmission resource; sending, by the base station, first information using the first transmission resource, where the first information includes at least one of system information or control information for scheduling system information; determining, by the base station, at least one second transmission resource; and sending, by the base station, second information to UE by using the second transmission resource, where the second information includes at least one of: a paging message, a random access response message, a contention resolution message, control information for scheduling a paging message, control information for scheduling a random access response message, or control information for scheduling a contention resolution message.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch. The switch includes a storage device, one or more line cards, and a control card. A respective line card includes one or more ports and forwarding hardware. The control card determines routing and forwarding tables for the switch, and comprises processing circuitry and a management module. The management module manage a tunnel or virtual network at the switch. During operation, the control card determine an event associated with layer-2 operations of the switch. The control card refrains from notifying the management module regarding the event and notifies a first line card in the one or more line cards regarding the event. The first line card then updates a layer-3 forwarding entry in the corresponding forwarding hardware based on the notification.

Abstract: A device may receive a message originating from or being sent to a machine-type device. The machine-type device may use one of a plurality of binary message formats that includes message values, and the message values may be have specific locations or sizes within the message. The device may determine a particular binary format used by the machine-type device, and identify a set of descriptor language expressions that define a translation between the binary format and a structured data format used by a service device communicating with the machine-type device. The device may generate an output message using the set of descriptor language expressions, and provide the output message to the destination device.

Abstract: A terminal is disclosed including a transmitter and a processor. The transmitter transmits uplink control information in an uplink control channel. The processor uses either a first uplink control channel format using a cyclic shift that depends on the uplink control information or a second uplink control channel format not using the cyclic shift that depends on the uplink control information, to transmit the uplink control information, based on a number of bits of the uplink control information and a type of the uplink control information. In other aspects, a radio communication method for a terminal is also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for introducing time diversity in a transmitter. The systems and methods may include receiving, at the transmitter, a request from a receiver to retransmit data. The systems and methods may further include receiving an input of data corresponding to the data requested for retransmission at a first transmitter block. The systems and methods may further include operating on the signals using the first transmitter block in at least one of a first mode and a second mode, such that an output of signals from the first transmitter block is dependent on a time-varying function and corresponds to the data requested by the receiver for retransmission.

Abstract: Technologies are described for controlling the data path (e.g., the end-to-end data path) for cellular network data. For example, a customer of a cellular network that owns or operates cellular devices can use the technologies described herein to control how cellular network data travels through the cellular network, including associated network connections and network equipment, before ultimately reaching the customer's network. In some implementations, the data path is controlled at each of a plurality of stages. For example, control can be applied at the mobile operator stage (e.g., to control which mobile operator the cellular device connects to), at the home subscriber server (HSS) stage, at the proxy stage, and/or at the packet data network gateway (PGW) stage.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a data processing method, a mobile terminal, and a computer-readable storage medium. The method of the present disclosure comprises: receiving indication information, the indication information being used for indicating whether to duplicate cached data in a PDCP layer; and if the indication information indicates duplicating the cached data in the PDCP layer, performing predetermined processing on the cached data in the PDCP layer.

Abstract: The present invention is designed so that frequency bands can be used efficiently depending on what capabilities user terminals have. According to one aspect of the present invention, a user terminal includes a receiving section that receives a plurality of synchronization signal blocks, transmitted in each of a plurality of frequency bands in a specific frequency band, and a control section that controls transmission and/or receipt to use the specific frequency band, based on at least one of the plurality of synchronization signal blocks.

Abstract: Methods for transporting a media call between an IMS server and a User Equipment (UE) and of handing over the media call between a cellular network and a WLAN are provided. In an embodiment, the media call data and signaling are split such that the data is transported over the WLAN and the signaling is transported over the cellular network. In another embodiment, handover latency is reduced by using a dual registration process that registers the UE with an IMS server using both a WLAN-based contact and a cellular network-based contact. The media call can then be carried over the WLAN and/or the cellular network and can be handed over seamlessly from one to the other within minimal signaling.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is provided. The UE supports D2D wireless communication and includes a communication module configured to communicate with at least one different UE, a non-transitory computer readable memory storage configured to store instructions, and at least one processor electrically connected to the communication module and the memory storage. The instructions, when executed by the UE, cause the processor to check whether an available first synchronization signal is detected, determine whether to operate as a first synchronization reference UE based on whether the first synchronization signal is detected, and transmit first system information comprising an intensity of transmission power and a second synchronization signal comprising a first synchronization identifier if the UE is determined to operate as the first synchronization reference UE.

Abstract: Source and target service nodes and methods are described for transferring a service session for a wireless device from the source node to the target node when a service application is executed in the source node for the wireless device by the service session. In particular, the amount of application data to be transferred from the source node to the target node for a wireless device that is handed over from a first base station to a second base station can be reduced by truncating the application data by an amount corresponding to the data pending in a downlink buffer at the first base station. Thereby, the target node is able to recreate the complete application buffer from the truncated application data and data from the downlink buffer, the latter data being transferred from the first base station (206) to the second base station (208), according to a handover procedure.

Abstract: Provided are a communication method using a frequency band of a base station in a wireless communication system, and a device using the method. The method divides an entire frequency band so as to determine a plurality of subbands and transmits a transport block in at least one subband among the plurality of subbands, wherein the size of the transport block has a maximum value set so as to correspond to the entire frequency band size or the subband size.

Abstract: A controller receives an access request message of a to-be-served flow that is sent by a network device. The access request message includes an identifier of the to-be-served flow and an identifier of a terminal that sends the to-be-served flow. The controller determines service level information of the to-be-served flow based on the identifier of the terminal and the identifier of the to-be-served flow. The controller determines a transmission path of the to-be-served flow and a transmission path of a being-served flow based on the service level information of the to-be-served flow and service level information of the being-served flow. The controller publishes the transmission path of the to-be-served flow and the transmission path of the being-served flow to the network device.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a copy of an original packet of a traffic flow is created at an ingress leaf node of a cloud switch. The ingress leaf node forwards the original packet along a less-specific path through the cloud switch, the less-specific path based on a domain index of an egress domain for the original packet. The copy of the original packet is modified to create a more specific path learn request packet. The ingress leaf node forwards the more specific path learn request packet along the less-specific path through the cloud switch. The ingress leaf node received back a more specific path learn request reply packet that includes an indication of a fabric system port. The ingress leaf node then programs a forwarding table based on the indication of the fabric system port, to have subsequent packets of the traffic flow forwarded along a more-specific path.