Abstract: The invention relates to the inhibition of tripolyphosphate and pyrophosphate scales in aqueous systems involving adding to said aqueous system at least one copolymer comprising the following monomers in polymerized form:(I) 50-80% by weight of one or more weak acids; (II) 2-50% by weight of one or more strong acids;(III) 0-30% by weight of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 dicarboxylic acids; and(IV) 0-30% by weight of one or more monomethylenically unsaturated monomers polymerisable with (I), (II) and (III);wherein the total of monomers (I), (II), (III), and (IV) equals 100% by weight of copolymer.The invention is particularly suited to the inhibition of tripolyphosphate and pyrophosphate scales which occur as a result of using low phosphate (STPP) containing detergent formulations.

Abstract: Aqueous textile treating compositions containing both nitrogen-functional organopolysiloxanes and oligomeric polyisobutylene polymers are as effective as conventional textile treating compositions containing only nitrogen-functional organopolysiloxane, and have improved resistance to yellowing, improved washfastness, and are more cost effective. Stable concentrates containing amino-functional organopolysiloxane, polyisobutylene, and a blend-stabilizing surfactant may be used to form aqueous emulsion and microemulsion fabric softener compositions.

Abstract: A catalytic composition for the production of light alpha olefins by ethylene oligomerisation is produced by mixing a zirconium compound with an organic compound selected from the group formed by acetals and ketals, with an aluminium hydrocarbyl compound selected from the group formed by chlorine-containing or bromine-containing aluminium hydrocarbyl compounds and with an aluminium hydrocarbyl compound selected from tris-(hydrocarbyl)-aluminium compounds. Addition of a tris-(hydrocarbyl)-aluminium compound greatly increases the activity. A process for producing light alpha olefins by ethylene oligomerisation is also claimed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the disinfection of surfaces with a disinfecting composition comprising from 0.1% to 15% by weight of the total composition of hydrogen peroxide, and an antimicrobial essential oil or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A composition including an aprotic polar solvent such as DMSO, a non-protic water-soluble ether, a water-soluble thickener selected from acrylic acid polymers and an aliphatic amine having 6-20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for bleaching laundry and household surfaces is provided which iudes preparing a wash medium with a bleaching composition incorporating polyoxometalates and being free of any effective amount of a bleaching agent such as hydrogen peroxide, organic peracids, inorganic peracids, organic persalts, inorganic persalts, Caro's acid, Caroates and mixtures thereof. A second step involves contacting a stained substrate such as a fabric, kitchenware or a household hard surface for a time and in an amount sufficient to remove the stains. Air is employed as a primary source of oxygen atoms for bleaching.

Abstract: A battery jar material for sealed secondary batteries comprising a resin composition which comprises 50 to 98% by weight of (A) a styrenic polymer having a syndiotactic configuration, 2 to 50% by weight of (B) at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefins and styrenic elastomers, and 0 to 10% by weight of (C) a polyphenylene ether, or a resin composition which comprises 100 parts by weight of a resin component having the same composition as the above resin composition, 1 to 350 parts by weight of (D) an inorganic filler, and 0 to 5 parts by weight of (E) a polyphenylene ether modified with a polar group; and a battery jar for sealed secondary batteries made of this material. A battery jar material and a battery jar for sealed secondary batteries which show excellent heat resistance, resistance to electrolytes, resistance to oil and grease, electric insulation, mechanical strengths, and moldability and enable decrease in thickness are provided.

Abstract: A tableted household cleaning composition for cleaning glass and other hard surfaces and methods for making and using the same are disclosed. The cleaning composition is in tablet form and includes an acidic component selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, their salts and mixtures thereof; a basic component selected from the group consisting of alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates and mixtures thereof; and polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for preparing a catalyst, preferably free of electron donor, useful in gas phase polymerization of olefins having a broad polydispersity.

Abstract: A thickened nail polish remover includes a solvent/water blend containing a major amount of organic solvent and a minor amount of water. The nail polish remover also includes a water-wetted thickener that, when dry, is readily dispersible in water but not readily dispersible in the solvent/water blend. The nail polish remover further includes a long chain amine neutralizing agent. The thickened nail polish remover has a viscosity of from 3,000 centipoise to 90,000 centipoise at 21.degree. C. In one embodiment, the thickened nail polish remover is formulated to be easily rinsable from the nails with water, by selecting a long chain amine neutralizing agent so that the neutralized thickener is compatible both with the solvent/water blend and with the water used to rinse the nails. In the method of preparing the thickened nail polish remover, the thickener is prewetted with the water of the solvent/water blend to form a dispersion of the thickener in the water.

Abstract: An improvement is described in all purpose liquid cleaning compositions and microemulsion compositions which are especially effective in the removal of oily and greasy soil and contain an anionic detergent, a fatty acid, an amine oxide surfactant, an ethoxylated/butoxylated nonionic surfactant, a hydrocarbon ingredient, and water.

Abstract: In but one aspect of the invention, a plasma etching method includes forming polymer material over at least some internal surfaces of a dual powered plasma etch chamber while first plasma etching an outer surface of a semiconductor wafer received by a wafer holder within the chamber. After the first plasma etching, second plasma etching is conducted of polymer material from the chamber internal surfaces while providing a bias power at the wafer holder effective to produce an ac peak voltage at the wafer surface of greater than zero and less than 200 Volts. In one implementation, second plasma etching is conducted of polymer material from the chamber internal surfaces while providing a bias power at the wafer holder of greater than zero Watts and less or equal to about 1 Watt/cm.sup.2 of wafer surface area on one side.

Abstract: The invention relates to a descaling formulation comprising cellulose microfibrils, in which at least 80% of the cells have primary walls and not more than 20% of the cells have secondary walls, with a degree of crystallinity of not more than 50%. The pH of the formulation is less than or equal to 1 and more particularly less than or equal to 0.5.

Abstract: A method for increasing surface deposition of silicone from soap and improving processing characteristics of soap and a corresponding composition are disclosed. The composition includes a fatty alkyl silicone, a fatty silicate ester, a high viscosity lower alkyl silicone fluid, a silicone surfactant, and an organic surfactant. The organic surfactant is one or more of a nonionic, cationic or anionic surfactant, a fatty ester sulfonate, sorbitan monostearate, and sodium lauryl sulfate.

Abstract: A light duty, liquid comprising: a paraffin sulfonate, an alpha olefin sulfonate, an amine oxide, a poly alkyl glucoside, a magnesium containing inorganic compound, and water.

Abstract: This invention relates to a liquid crystal composition comprising a water insoluble organic compound, a nonionic surfactant, magnesium sulfate, a water soluble cosurfactant, an abrasive, an ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate surfactant or alkyl sulfate surfactant, a fatty acid, a 2-alkyl alkanol and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for dyeing a material, comprising (a) treating the material with a dyeing system which comprises one or more reduced vat dyes and/or one or more reduced sulfur dyes; and (b) oxidizing the one or more reduced vat dyes or one or more reduced sulfur dyes adsorbed onto the treated material with an oxidation system comprising (i) an oxygen source and one or more enzymes exhibiting oxidase activity or (ii) a hydrogen peroxide source and one or more enzymes exhibiting peroxidase activity, to convert the one or more reduced dyes to their original oxidized insoluble colored forms; wherein the material is a fabric, yarn, fiber, garment or film made of cotton, diacetate, flax, fur, hide, leather, linen, lyocel, polyacrylic, polyamide, polyester, ramie, rayon, silk, tencel, triacetate, viscose or wool.

Abstract: A cleaning composition for removing kinetically inert high oxidation state metal coordination complex stains, lime scale, soap scum, soil, grease, and biofilm deposits from ceramic surfaces, such as porcelain and glass, and other hard surfaces. The composition includes an acid component; a reducing component; a surfactant system component; and a complexing system component. In one aspect, the cleaning composition includes sulfamic acid, in an amount between about 20 and about 80 weight percent of the composition; isoascorbic acid, in an amount between about 0.1 and about 20 weight percent of the composition, for reducing kinetically inert high oxidation state metal coordination complex stains; a non-interfering surfactant system; and a complexing system comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and citric acid, the ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid comprising between about 0.

Abstract: A cleaning composition and method of use are disclosed. The composition comprises a mixture of a ketone, at least one glycol ether, water and optionally a surfactant. The composition when applied to substrates coated with resinous coatings is effective for removing the coating from the substrate.