Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor, including an electrically conductive substrate, an undercoat layer containing a filler and a binder resin and provided on the substrate, and a photoconductive layer provided on the undercoat layer and containing a binder resin. At least one compound selected from crown ethers, polyalkyleneglycol ethers, polyethyleneglycol monocarboxylic acid esters, polyethyleneglycol dicarboxylic acid esters, and hydroxy-terminated random or block copolymers containing oxypropylene and oxyethylene groups is incorporated into (a) the undercoat layer or (b) into a charge generating layer of the photoconductive layer. In the case of (a), the photoconductive layer is a dried coating of a composition containing at least one solvent selected from cyclic ethers, ketones and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic charge images that exhibits superior fixability at low temperature so as to realize satisfactory fixing performance even with less energy, that exhibits high stress resistance so as to be free from blade contamination by molten toner, and that exhibits excellent performances in any environmental conditions. In particular, a toner for developing an electrostatic charge images, comprising at least a binder resin, a colorant and a charge control agent, wherein a low-molecular-weight polymer having functional groups is used at least as the charge control agent and a cycloolefin copolymer resin is used at least as the binder resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides toners of different colors in which coloring agents of at least four unicolors are internally added to, respectively, and hydrophobic silica particles and metallic soap particles are externally added to toner mother particles, wherein color superposition of the toners is conducted during development of latent images on a latent image carrier or during transfer to a recording medium after the development, being characterized in that the difference (absolute value) between the work functions of two of said toners is 0.02 eV or more, the color superposition is conducted with the toners sequentially from the toner having the largest work function in descending order of work function of the toners, and the difference (absolute value) between the work function of the toner mother particles and the work function of the metallic soap particles is 0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner that exhibits excellent low-temperature fixing properties, offset resistance, and has excellent storage stability in a developing machine. The toner has, in a DSC curve obtained by measuring the toner with differential scanning calorimeter, a glass transition temperature (Tg1) measured in a first scan of 50.0 to 70.0° C. and a temperature difference (Tg1?Tg2) between the glass transition temperature (Tg1) measured in the first scan and a glass transition temperature (Tg2) measured in a second scan ranging from 3.0 to 20.0° C.

Abstract: A toner process comprising mixing a colorant dispersion with a latex, a wax dispersion, and a coagulant, and wherein the polymer latex selected possesses a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 55,000, a number average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 18,000, an onset glass transition temperature Tg of from about 40° C. to about 80° C., and a particle size distribution PSD of from about 50 to about 500 nanometers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a carrier, which comprises a core and a resin coating layer formed thereon containing electroconductive powder, wherein, when the magnetic brush is formed only of the core, the dynamic electrical resistance of the core forming the magnetic brush under an electric field of 104 V/cm is 1 &OHgr;·cm or less and the electrical resistance of the resin coating layer is from 10 to 1×108 &OHgr;·cm, a developer using the carrier, and an image-forming method using the developer. Owing to the present invention, a superior solid image, which is free of brush marks and carrier beads carry over, can be obtained.

Abstract: A toner for use in electrophotography has toner particles, each toner particle containing a resin, a colorant, a fluidity-imparting agent and a volatile organic component which is in an amount of 100 ppm or less per unit amount of the toner particles, and having an average spherical degree in a range of 100 to 150. In addition, the above-mentioned toner is produced by preparing primary particles, each particle including a resin and a colorant, depositing a fluidity-imparting agent on the surface of the primary particles, dispersing the fluidity-imparting agent deposited primary particles in a liquid containing a dispersant, in which liquid the resin is insoluble, thereby preparing a dispersion of the primary particles, heating the dispersion with stirring, and cooling the dispersion, thereby obtaining toner particles for use in the toner.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method of electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen assembly on an interior surface of a faceplate panel 17 of a color CRT 10 includes the steps of: coating the surface of the panel with a conductive solution to form a volatilizable organic conductive layer 32, and overcoating the organic conductive layer 32 with a photoconductive solution to form a volatilizable photoconductive layer 34. The conductive solution comprises the organic polymer 3,4-polyethylene dioxythiophene polystyrene sulphonate (PEDT/PSS); a methanol-soluble polymer or co-polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly (vinyl pyridine-co-vinyl acetate) (PVPy-VAc), polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), poly (hydroxyethylacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) (PHEA-MAA) and poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) to reduce organic residue; and a solvent.

Abstract: A toner having a negative triboelectric chargeability is constituted by at least a binder resin, a colorant and an organic metal compound. The toner is characterized by: (a) the organic metal compound is an organic zirconium compound comprising a coordination or/and a bonding of zirconium and an aromatic compound as a ligand or/and an acid source selected from the group consisting of aromatic diols, aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, aromatic monocarboxylic acids, and aromatic polycarboxylic acids, (b) the binder resin is a resin selected from the group consisting of (i) a polyester resin and (ii) a hybrid resin component comprising a polyester unit and a vinyl polymer unit, (c) the binder resin has an acid value of 2-50 mgKOH/g, and (d) the toner contains a TFT (tetrahydrofuran)-soluble content providing a GPC (gel permeation chromatography) chromatogram exhibiting a main peak in a molecular weight range of 3,000-20,000 and including 3-25% of a component having molecular weights of at least 5×105.

Abstract: In an image forming method having the step of developing an electrostatic latent image on an electrostatic latent image carrying member using a toner layer on a developer carrying member, the step of transferring the developed toner image onto a belt transfer body 7 which is a first transfer body, and the step of transferring the toner image formed on the belt transfer body 7 onto a second transfer body 11, the surface resistance of the belt transfer body 7 is 108 to 1015 &OHgr;·cm, the toner is composed of at least resin particles containing a binding resin and a coloring material, and an additive, and the additive contains particles whose volume resistance is 107 to 1013 &OHgr;·cm.

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of binder, colorant, and a surface additive of a coated silica and wherein said silica possesses a BET surface area, in m2/g of from about 35 to about 65, a bulk density, in grams/liter, of from about 40 to about 60, and wherein the size diameter determined from the BET measurement is from about 20 to about 100 nanometers.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member including a support member, a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer, the charge transport layer including a cross linked matrix derived from a cross linkable aromatic polymer with substituent groups containing unsaturated carbon to carbon double bond, the substituent groups being free of any urethane linkage and attached to phenylene.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes a phosphinate additive in a photosensitive film that improves the stability of the coating liquid for the photosensitive film. The electrophotographic photoconductor includes an electrically conductive substrate and a photosensitive film on the substrate. The photosensitive film contains a charge generation agent and a phosphinate compound. The photoconductor may be of either a monolayer or a laminate construction. In the case of a laminate type photoconductor, the phosphinate compound is incorporated into the charge transport layer. A method of making an electrophotographic photoconductor adds a phosphinate additive to the coating liquid for a photosensitive film to improve stability of the coating liquid. The method involves producing a coating liquid containing a phosphinate compound and coating a conductive substrate with the coating liquid to form a photosensitive film.

Abstract: Charge control agent comprising a metal complex salt compound having a monoazo compound as a ligand, wherein the metal complex salt compound is amorphous, and which is excellent in charge control properties, heat resistance and light fastness, good in dispersibility in, and wettability with, toner resins, hardly damages the photoreceptor when used in a toner, and is unlikely to drop from toner particles during charging; process for manufacturing the charge control agent, comprising subjecting a crystalline metal complex salt compound having a monoazo compound as a ligand to wet milling in an organic solvent, or dissolving the crystalline metal complex salt compound in an organic solvent, and subsequently re-dispersing it in water; and toner for developing electrostatic images comprising said charge control agent, a toner resin, and a coloring agent, and method of use thereof.

Abstract: A toner is disclosed which contains toner particles and a hydrophobic fine silica powder. The hydrophobic fine silica powder has the following hydrophobic properties: the transmittance of the measuring sample fluid as defined in the specification at a methanol content of from 60% by volume to 72% by volume is 95% or more, and the transmittance of the measuring sample fluid at a methanol content of 74% by volume is 90% or more. Also, disclosed are an image forming method and an apparatus unit making use of the toner.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention encompasses a method of using an image forming device. A first pattern of toner is provided on a photosensitive drum of the image forming device. The toner is transferred from the photosensitive drum to an intermediate transfer belt to form a second pattern. After forming the second pattern, a bias of the photosensitive drum is reversed relative to the intermediate transfer belt and toner is transferred back to the photosensitive drum from the intermediate transfer belt to form a third pattern of toner on the photosensitive drum. In another aspect, the invention encompasses a method of detecting inaccuracies in toner placement on an intermediate transfer belt of an image forming device. A first pattern of black, magenta, cyan and yellow toners is provided on a photosensitive drum of the image forming device. The toners are transferred from the photosensitive drum to an intermediate transfer belt of the image forming device to form a second pattern.

Abstract: In an electrographic toner, containing a plurality of polymer particles (4), each polymer particle has functional groups on its surface, which dissociate into two parts in a carrier liquid (6), with one part of each group remaining firmly attached to the surface, so that the individual polymer particles carry electrostatic charges in the carrier liquid. Such a toner can be used in conjunction with carrier liquids that represent no problems from the point of view of occupational safety and environmental protection. Transfer processes and a developing system for use with this toner are described.

Abstract: A toner comprised of resin, colorant and a coated silica, and wherein said silica has a primary particle size of about 25 nanometers to about 55 nanometers, and an aggregate size of about 225 nanometers to about 400 nanometers, and said coating is comprised of a mixture of an alkylsilane and an aminoalkylsilane.

Abstract: A toner composition comprised of resin, pigment, optional charge additive and a flow aid surface additive comprised of hydrophobic silica of a size diameter of from about 5 to about 40 nanometers, and which silica has been treated with a long chain aliphatic alcohol.

Abstract: This invention provides a two-component developer comprising magnetic carrier particles and toner particles which contain magnetic particles at a specified content, being excellent in high speed copying system.