Abstract: Aqueous septic tank maintenance compositions, process for their production, methods for their use as well as methods for the maintenance of sewage systems, particularly septic tanks and cesspools are provided. The aqueous septic tank maintenance compositions feature a high proportion of biologically active agents per unit volume or unit weight of the compositions, and reduced numbers of stabilizing compositions generally required to ensure storage and shelf stability of the biologically active agents contained therein. Processes for the production of these aqueous septic tank maintenance compositions, and methods for their use are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for chemically modifying a reactant using microbes. The method includes providing a particulate material which includes a plastic carrier and microbes attached to the carrier. The particulate material is dispersed in a dispersing fluid and has a specific gravity less than that of the dispersing fluid. When the microbe is anaerobic the particulate material has an operating interfacial surface area of from about 2,000 to about 240,000 square meters per cubic meter of reactor volume. When the microbe is aerobic the particulate material has an operating interfacial surface area of from about 1,000 to about 30,000 square meters per cubic meter of reactor volume. The method further includes establishing a flow of the reactant through the particulate material effective to contact the reactant with the microbes for a time sufficient to chemically modify the reactant. Use of the methods in wastewater treatment, aquaculture fish production, and ethanol production are disclosed.

Abstract: Method and preparations for enhancing bone marrow engraftment in an individual by administering (i) a culturally expanded mesenchymal stem cell preparation and (ii) a bone marrow graft. The mesenchymal stem cells are administered in an mount effective to promote engraftment of the bone marrow.