Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with wireless circuitry that includes first, second, and third antennas used to determine the position and orientation of the electronic device relative to external equipment. The antennas may include patch elements on respective substrates mounted to a flexible printed circuit. Each substrate may include fences of conductive vias that are coupled to ground and that laterally surround the corresponding patch element. Control circuitry may identify phase differences between the first and second antennas and between the second and third antennas and may identify an angle of arrival of received ultra-wideband signals using the phase differences. The control circuitry may compare the phase differences to a set of predetermined surfaces of phase differences to identify environmental loading conditions for the antenna. The control circuitry may correct the angle of arrival using offsets identified based on the environmental loading conditions.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus establish a distance as well as to a vehicle. In the method for establishing a distance between a vehicle and an infrastructure device, at least two vehicle-mounted reception devices receive a signal transmitted by the infrastructure device. Each of the vehicle-mounted reception devices contains at least two antenna elements. For each reception device, a reception device-specific distance between the vehicle and the infrastructure device is established in accordance with the antenna signals generated by the antenna elements, and the shortest of all the reception device-specific distances is established as the distance.

Abstract: Beamforming is a critical element of 5G and especially 6G, but currently requires a series of time-consuming and resource-consuming messages. Disclosed are procedures by which base stations can transmit a phased beam pulse, having a phase that varies with angle, so that each user device can measure the received phase of the pulse and thereby determine its angle relative to the base station. Each user can then sequentially inform the base station of its orientation relative to the base station, or can append that information to another message such as an initial access message or an acknowledgement, for example. The user device and the base station can then exchange messages in narrow beams aimed at each other according to the alignment angle. Also disclosed are procedures to economically generate the wide-angle phased beam by combining overlapping beams of various phases.

Abstract: For global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-independent operation of auxiliary PNT systems, one or more ground stations of the auxiliary system have access to a non-GNSS source of precision timing. That source and known locations of the ground stations may be used to derive timing corrections to account for imperfect clocks in the satellites for non-purpose-built satellite systems being used for PNT. Crosslinks between satellites and/or propagation of timing correction through other ground stations are used to better control the timing and resulting precession of PNT in the PNT auxiliary system. The timing correction may be provided as a service to end users, other constellations, and/or other satellite operators.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a location measurement method using a processor. The location measurement method includes: acquiring a surrounding image photographed by an electronic device; acquiring first location information of the electronic device using a global navigation satellite system; and acquiring second location information obtained by correcting the first location information using the surrounding image photographed by the electronic device, in which a correction value for correction from the first location information to the second location information is calculated by detection of an image including a static object included in the photographed surrounding image from a pre-stored real-world image map.

Abstract: A method for managing the transmission of geographical locations from a geolocation beacon during the movement thereof. The method includes: defining a first reference communication network associated with a first value and with a reference frequency used for the transmission of the locations over the first network; locating the beacon in a second network during the movement thereof; obtaining a second value associated with the second network; comparing the first and the second value, and when the values differ, the method includes modifying the reference frequency for the transmission of the locations over the second network.

Abstract: A GNSS emergency monitoring error suppression method for an alpine canyon complex environment is provided. Through three steps of GNSS optimization design of the alpine canyon complex environment, derived error suppression of emergency monitoring criteria in the alpine canyon complex environment, and error suppression measurement and result correction, GNSS measurement errors in the alpine canyons can be effectively suppressed. Through improving measurement accuracy, GNSS technology can be widely applied to the alpine canyons, outstanding advantages of high efficiency and high accuracy in a coordinate transmission process of the GNSS technology are brought into full play, and a cost is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, by processing the errors of the emergency monitoring criteria, it is possible to protect workers from on-site operation risks.

Abstract: A geolocationing system and method for providing awareness in a multi-space environment, such as a hospitality environment or educational environment, are presented. In one embodiment of the geolocationing system, a vertical and horizontal array of gateway devices is provided. Each gateway device includes a gateway device identification providing an accurately-known fixed location within the multi-space environment. Each gateway device includes a wireless transceiver that receives a beacon signal from a proximate wireless-enabled personal locator device. The gateway devices, in turn, send gateway signals to a server, which determines estimated location of the wireless-enabled personal location device with angle of arrival modeling.

Abstract: A wireless device determines a biased wireless device position and a receiver clock error for a plurality of satellites, the biased wireless device position and the receiver clock error being associated with a biased ambiguity. The wireless device calculates, upon determining the biased wireless device position and the receiver clock error, the biased ambiguity for each of the plurality of satellites. The wireless device applies the biased ambiguity to a carrier phase measurement for each of the plurality of satellites, the carrier phase measurement being associated with the receiver clock error and an absolute location of the wireless device. The wireless device determines, upon applying the biased ambiguity to the carrier phase measurement for each of the plurality of satellites, the absolute location of the wireless device based on the biased ambiguity for all of the plurality of satellites.

Abstract: A method and system for using GPS signals and a magnetic field to track an underground magnetic field source. A tracker having an antenna for detecting the magnetic field and a GPS receiver is coupled to a processor. The magnetic field is used by the antenna to direct the tracker to a field null point. Once multiple measurements of the field are taken, the changes in signal strength as the absolute position of the tracker is changed, are used to determine whether the closest field null point is in front of or behind the underground beacon. The position and depth of the beacon can then be estimated.

Abstract: A receiver is provided for use with a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) comprising multiple satellites. The receiver comprises a receiver clock and at least one antenna for receiving multiple signals over multiple respective channels, each channel being defined by a transmitting satellite and a receiving antenna at opposing ends of the channel. The receiver further comprises at least one correlator for calculating cross-correlation functions between (i) the signals received over the multiple channels and (ii) reference versions of the navigation signals provided by the receiver. The receiver is configured to use the calculated cross-correlation functions to perform a joint estimate of (i) a clock bias of the receiver clock relative to the time reference maintained by the GNSS, and (ii) a composite channel comprising the combined contribution of the multiple channels as a function of time-delay.

Abstract: Systems, devices, methods, and computer-readable media for location determination of an orbiting device. A method can include receiving measurement data from a monitor device, the measurement data representative of a position of an orbiting space object with a mechanically moveable antenna, receiving, by processor circuitry, mission data indicating orientation of the antenna is changing from a first orientation to a second, different orientation by a specified time, determining, based on the mission data, an inter-signal correction (ISC), applying the determined ISC to the measurement data resulting in corrected measurement data, providing the corrected measurement data to a Kalman filter, and receiving, from the Kalman filter, a position estimate of the orbiting space object.

Abstract: A new way of beamforming in a phased array through use of a compression algorithm. The compression algorithm provides a beamforming technique that requires less memory, computes beams faster, and can be done without losing information as compared to prior art beamforming methods.

Abstract: In various embodiments, crowd sourcing techniques are provided to determine beacon altitudes that may then be used in 3D positioning of UE. Some techniques may crowd source beacon altitudes based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) position fixes obtained by UE. Other techniques may crowd source beacon altitudes based on uncalibrated pressure measurements obtained by UE. Still other techniques may combine beacon altitude crowd-sourcing and pressure sensor calibration on UE. Such techniques may make inferences based on line of sight (LOS) between UE and beacons, determined using signal strength, connection status, and/or timing measurement. The techniques may be implemented separately, or as part of a combined system that determines beacon altitudes in diverse manners. Once beacon altitudes are known, that may be used to determine 3D positions of the UE (e.g., by trilateration, multilateration or other positioning techniques).

Abstract: A method for converting state space representation (SSR) information to observation space representation (OSR) information includes: obtaining the SSR information, obtaining the OSR information, obtaining information of a virtual observation distance, and obtaining delay information of a troposphere and delay information of an ionosphere. A device for converting SSR information to OSR information includes: a satellite antenna, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) board, a radio antenna, a mobile network module and antenna, a Bluetooth module and antenna, a Wi-Fi module and antenna, a status indicator light, a plurality of output interfaces, and a power supply unit. A conversion algorithm is realized for converting SSR information to OSR information, and the converted OSR information follows the international standard protocols and can be received by most GNSS receivers. A conversion device is developed based on the aforementioned method.

Abstract: According to one or more of the embodiments herein, systems and techniques for multi-system-based detection and mitigation of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing are provided. In one embodiment, a method comprises: obtaining a first location of an object from a primary location determination hardware system; obtaining a second location of the object from a secondary location determination hardware system; determining a distance difference between the first location and the second location; determining whether the distance difference between the first location and the second location is acceptable based on a threshold distance; and initiating one or more mitigation actions in response to the distance difference between the first location and the second location being unacceptable.

Abstract: A method for determining a location of a vehicle includes a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) location system in a manufacturing environment. The method includes determining, when a key cycle transition condition of the vehicle and a vehicle gear transition condition of the vehicle are satisfied, a location parameter of the vehicle using an auxiliary location detection system, where the location parameter includes a location of the vehicle, identification information of the vehicle, and a timestamp of the vehicle. The method includes determining a vehicle time period based on the location parameter and a previous location parameter of the vehicle and validating a manufacturing routine of the vehicle when the location parameter satisfies a location condition and the vehicle time period satisfies a time condition.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to continuously estimate the position with high accuracy while the moving body is traveling. A position estimation device is installed in a moving body, and includes a position estimation unit configured to estimate a position of a subject moving body being the moving body in which the position estimation device is installed using any of positioning means of satellite positioning using a positioning satellite or radio wave positioning using wireless communication, and a positioning means selection unit configured to switch the positioning means the position estimation unit uses for estimation of the position of the subject moving body based on a traveling environment or a peripheral environment of the subject moving body.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vehicle positioning method, an apparatus and an autonomous driving vehicle, relating to autonomous driving in the technical field of artificial intelligence, which can be applied to high-definition positioning of the autonomous driving vehicle, the method including: if there is no high-definition map in a vehicle, acquiring intermediate pose information of the vehicle based on a global navigation satellite system and/or an inertial measurement unit in the vehicle, and determining the intermediate pose information as global positioning information; acquiring local positioning information; performing fusion processing to the global pose information and the local pose information to obtain fused pose information; performing compensation processing to the fused pose information according to the global attitude angle information and the local attitude angle information to obtain a position of the vehicle.

Abstract: The carrier phase ready coherent acquisition of a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) snapshot signal includes receiving in a snapshot receiver different GNSS signals from correspondingly different GNSS satellites, and performing multi-hypothesis (MH) acquisition upon each of GNSS signal in order to produce a complete set of secondary code index hypotheses, each hypothesis producing a corresponding acquisition result according to an identified peak at a correct code-phase and Doppler frequency. The secondary code index hypotheses are adjusted for each different GNSS signal based upon a flight time difference determined for each GNSS satellite, so as to produce a new set of hypotheses. Finally, one of the hypotheses in the new set may be selected as a correct hypothesis according to a predominate common index amongst the hypotheses in the new set, and the acquisition results for each of the different GNSS signals may be filtered utilizing the correct hypothesis.