Abstract: A method for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen oxides and laughing gas from a stream containing nitrogen oxides and laughing gas, wherein a first catalyst that contains cobalt and, as support, an inorganic metal oxide, and a second catalyst that contains iron and, as support, an inorganic metal oxide, are used. In particular the method is carried out in such a way that (a) the gas stream containing nitrogen oxides and laughing gas is reacted with a reducing gas, the reducing gas comprising a saturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of the first catalyst and (b) the gaseous product from step (a) is reacted with a reducing gas, the reducing gas comprising a saturated hydrocarbon, in presence of a second catalyst. The catalyst system can be used for the treatment of off-gases from a nitric acid plant.

Abstract: A gripper for detaching a packaged chip from a PCB. The gripper comprises a plurality of hooks, elastic slices, and a heating device. These hooks are used for gripping and hooking the packaged chip. Each hook includes a chip-upholding part and a chip-gripping part, wherein the chip-gripping part is used for gripping the packaged chip, and the chip-upholding part is used for hooking the packaged chip in the gap. These elastic slices are used for providing the elasticity. Each elastic slice comprises a fastened end and a flexible end, wherein the flexible end connects the chip-gripping part and results the hook gripping the packaged chip. The heating device is used for heating the packaged chip to melt the solder balls. Wherein all the bonded fastened ends are exerted an upward force, and the gripper detaches the packaged chip from the PCB when the solder balls of the packaged chip are melted.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated gasification and hydroprocessing process. A hydrocarbonaceous fuel is first gasified to produce syngas, and then a portion of the hydrogen is removed from the syngas. The hydrogen is compressed and used as an excess reactant in a hydroprocessing unit. Hydrogen gas is recovered from the hydroprocessing unit product, purified, compressed and recycled to the hydroprocessing unit. The hydrogen-poor syngas is expanded in an expander that drives the compressor that compresses the recycled hydrogen gas. The expanded syngas is then combined with light hydrocarbons removed from the recycle hydrogen gas stream, combusted in a gas turbine and used for power generation.

Abstract: A gas combustion treatment method for the combustion treatment of an ammonia-containing gas and a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas, the method comprising a first combustion treatment step in which the ammonia-containing gas, together with a fuel, is introduced and burned; a nitrogen oxide reduction step downstream of the first combustion treatment step, in which a portion of the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas or the ammonia-containing gas is introduced and the nitrogen oxides produced in the first combustion treatment step are reduced in a reducing atmosphere; and a second combustion treatment step downstream of the nitrogen oxide reduction step, in which the remaining hydrogen sulfide-containing gas, together with air, is introduced and burned. The present invention provides a combustion apparatus suitable for use as a combustion furnace for off-gases resulting from the wet purification of coal gasification gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing granular silicon by thermal decomposition of a gas containing silicon in a fluidized bed, said decomposition occurring in the presence of free-flowing mobile elements. Preferably, said free-flowing mobile elements become devoid of silicon in a separate procedural step, said silicon being deposited during decomposition of gas containing silicon, by reacting with hydrogen halides, halogens, alkyl halogenides, aryl halogenides or combinations of halogen and/or hydrogen halide and/or oxidized mineral acids and/or by thermal treatment of said elements.

Abstract: A family of discrete and uniformly sized silicon nanoparticles, including 1 (blue emitting), 1.67 (green emitting), 2.15 (yellow emitting), 2.9 (red emitting) and 3.7 nm (infrared emitting) nanoparticles, and a method that produces the family. The nanoparticles produced by the method of the invention are highly uniform in size. A very small percentage of significantly larger particles are produced, and such larger particles are easily filtered out. The method for producing the silicon nanoparticles of the invention utilizes a gradual advancing electrochemical etch of bulk silicon, e.g., a silicon wafer. The etch is conducted with use of an appropriate intermediate or low etch current density. An optimal current density for producing the family is ˜10 milli Ampere per square centimeter (10 mA/cm2). Higher current density favors 1 nm particles, and lower the larger particles.

Abstract: A Josephson junction having a barrier layer sandwiched by two superconductors wherein the superconductors include one or more elements selected from the group of Y, La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, one or more elements selected from the group of Ba, Sr and Ca, and Cu and oxygen, wherein the two superconductors each include at least five elements with compositions different from each other, or the barrier layer (5) includes one or more elements selected from the group of La, Nd, Sm and Eu, and one or more elements selected from the group of Y, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu.

Abstract: An electronic package (10) is provided which includes a circuit board (12) having a substrate (14) and circuitry (16) and a surface mount device (22) having a contact terminal (24). A mounting pad (28) is formed on the circuit board (12). The electronic package (10) also includes a solder joint (30) connecting the contact terminal (24) of the surface mount device (22) to the mounting pad (28) on the circuit board (12). The solder joint (30) includes a reflowable solder and a plurality of stand-off members (32 or 42). The stand-off members (32 or 42) provide a separation distance (H) between the circuit board (12) and surface mount device (22) in the range of about 0.01 mm to 0.10 mm.

Abstract: A method of producing a single-phase composition Mn+1AzXn, primarily the production of the single-phase material Ti3SiC2, where n lies within a range of 0.8-3.2, where z lies within a range of 0.8-1.2, where M is at least one metal taken from the group of metals Ti (titanium), Sc (scandium), V (vanadium), Cr (chromium), Zr (zirconium), Nb (niobium) and Ta (tantalum), where X is at least one of the non-metals C (carbon) and N nitrogen), and where A is at least one of the chemical elements Si (silicon), Al (aluminum) and Sn (tin) or a compound of those elements, such that the final, desired compound will include the components Mn+1AzXn. A powder mixture of the components is formed and is ignited under an inert atmosphere to prevent promotion of dissociation and to cause the components to react.

Abstract: In order to reduce the AC losses in a superconducting conductor element subjected to an external magnetic field and through which a current flows, tapes of superconducting material of each layer are wound at such a mutual distance that the gap between the superconducting material of adjacent tapes is not smaller than a predetermined minimum value. These elements are particularly useful in three-phase warm dielectric superconducting cables.

Abstract: A method for producing diffusion bonds between components formed of tungsten heavy alloy (WHA) uses aid material to accelerate diffusion across the joint surfaces. The aid material consists of an alloy of palladium (Pd) with one or more of the secondary elements of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), or cobalt (Co). The secondary elements are selected to correspond to the secondary elements present in the components. The diffusion bonding is carried out by placing diffusion aid material between the joint surfaces of adjacent components, applying a pressure across the joint surfaces, and processing the assembly through a thermal profile. Structures of WHA with complex shapes, interior volumes and/or large sizes can be formed. The joint properties are equal to or superior to those of the parent material of the components.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling NOX emissions from a boiler that combusts carbonaceous fuels. The method includes the steps of (a) introducing carbonaceous fuel and combustion air into a furnace of the boiler for combusting the carbonaceous fuel in oxidizing conditions and producing flue gas including NOX and CO, and (b) leading flue gas from the furnace to a catalyst section in a flue gas channel for converting, free from introducing an external agent for NOX reduction, NOX to N2 and CO to CO2 by using CO as the reductant of NOX on a catalyst in the catalyst section.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a vehicle frame assembly includes the initial steps of providing first and second structural components, disposing portions of the first and second structural components in an overlapping relationship, and generating an electromagnetic field that causes at least one of the overlapping portions of the first and second structural components to move into contact with the other of the overlapping portions of the first and second structural components at a high velocity so as to be joined together to form a joint. Third and fourth structural components are provided. The third and fourth structural components are joined to the first and second structural components together to form a vehicle frame assembly.

Abstract: In a bonding apparatus having an ultrasonic horn 3 coupled to an ultrasonic vibrator 5 and a bonding tool 4 coupled to the ultrasonic horn 3, and applying ultrasonic bonding to a work 11, by providing an ultrasonic detector 7 and an indicator 8 for displaying an output signal from the ultrasonic detector 7, there is obtained a bonding method that can easily make a good or bad judgment on the bonding state based on the output signal of the ultrasonic detector. With this arrangement, ultrasonic vibration of the bonding tool in the bonding apparatus using ultrasonic waves is constantly monitored, thereby reducing occurrence of bonding failure and making definite the time for replacing the bonding tool.

Abstract: A method for removing sulfur compounds including transferring the impurity gas to a concentration process in which the impurity gas is separated into a concentrated gas containing hydrogen sulfide and a residual gas containing carbon dioxide, mercaptans and aromatic hydrocarbons: transferring the concentrated gas to a Claus reaction process in which hydrogen sulfide is recovered as an elementary sulfur, and an off-gas discharged from the Claus reaction process is heated to a temperature between the discharge temperature and 700° C.; introducing the heated off-gas into a mixing unit provided downstream of the heating means to be mixed with the residual gas; transferring a resultant mixed gas to a hydrogenation reaction process in which sulfur compounds are converted into hydrogen sulfide under the presence of a reduction catalyst; and separating the converted hydrogen sulfide and returning the separated hydrogen sulfide to the Claus reaction process.

Abstract: A method of treating a composite material of epoxy resin-cured product and inorganic matter to easily recover the resin components in a recyclable state without causing thermal decomposition. A method of separating the inorganic matter. The epoxy resin-cured product is treated with a treatment liquid which contains a decomposition catalyst for epoxy resin-cured products and an organic solvent to decompose and dissolve the epoxy resin-cured product. A composite material of epoxy resin-cured product and inorganic matter is also treated to decompose and dissolve the epoxy resin-cured product in the above-mentioned manner and the inorganic matter is then separated from the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a welding method for materials to be welded which are subjected to fluoride passivation treatment, and a fluoride passivation retreatment method, wherein, when fluoride passivation retreatment was conducted after welding, there is no generation of particles or dust, and superior resistance is provided to fluorine system gases. In the present invention, when materials to be welded comprising stainless steel subjected to fluoride passivation treatment are welded, hydrogen is added to the gas (the back shield gas) flowing through the materials to be welded. Furthermore, in the welding method for materials to be welded which are subjected to fluoride passivation treatment in accordance with the present invention, the thickness of the fluoride passivated film in a predetermined range from the butt end surfaces of the materials to be welded, comprising stainless steel subjected to a fluoride passivation treatment, is set to 10 nm or less, and welding is conducted.

Abstract: Based on its superconductive properties relating to “nonlineanty,” a conventional HTS strip is divisible into three “domains,” namely, a medial domain and two lateral domains. The nonlinearity associated with the conventional strip's medial domain is considerably greater than that which is associated with its lateral domains. Similarly divisible into a medial domain and two lateral domains, the present invention's HTS strip uniquely exploits these physical distinctions by causing more (e.g., most) of the current that it conducts to be conducted by its lateral domains. Various inventive designs accomplish this through narrowing or interruption/punctuation (e.g., via holes and/or trenches) or degradation, or some combination thereof, of the medial domain. By thus “re-proportioning” current conduction as compared with a conventional strip, an inventive strip succeeds in “re-proportioning” the associated nonlinearities.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for selectively removing organic compound from a nano-composite material which comprises the organic compound that is dispersed within a solid inorganic compound structure. In particular, methods of the present invention comprise irradiating the nano-composite material with electromagnetic radiation wavelength that is shorter than the wavelength of visible light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a composite silica membrane with thermal stability by a soaking-rolling method, and more particularly to a method for preparing a composite silica membrane with improved thermal stability by rolling the surface of a porous support with silica xerogel, soaking-rolling the surface with ?-alumina, coating, drying, and sintering the porous support surface, thereby forming a fine coating membrane on the porous support surface.