Abstract: A meat-based, intermediate-moisture animal food is disclosed containing egg as an essential ingredient. The product is formulated by a process designed to preserve the identity and discernible character of the egg component.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing monocrystals having a relatively large cross-section by the Verneuil technique wherein a seed crystal is mounted on a movable crystal support member within a furnace means having a burner guiding flame gases and crystal growth material for impingement against the seed crystal so that the material melts and adheres to the seed crystal and forms a monocrystal which grows axially upwardly therefrom while the seed crystal member is moved axially downwardly a distance corresponding to the amount of axial crystal growth so that substantially uniform growth conditions are maintained throughout the growing process. A relatively massive flame deflector member having a central passage therein is positioned within a furnace means in spaced registry from the burner and radially about the crystal support member so as to deflect the flame gases laterally away from the growing crystal and to receive sufficient heat therefrom to form a heat reservoir for the growing crystal after flame shutdown.

Abstract: In the salting of vegetables, such as cucumbers, control of fermentation using brine acidity as the monitor and continually and rapidly determining brine acidity with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane as a standard.

Abstract: Meat-like foods having a perceptible fiber bundle structure resembling that of natural muscle meat are prepared by mechanically interlocking edible protein fibers, such as spun vegetable protein fibers, in groups, which are subsequently assembled into a mass and set to a coherent body with an edible binder, preferably a heat-coagulable protein. The fibers in the bundles may be entwined or enravelled by the turbulence of a fluid jet, such as air or water, or by being passed between rotating parallel rollers that are reciprocated relative to one another in the direction of their axes.

Abstract: Synergistic antioxidant compositions useful as additives for edible fats and oils comprising ascorbic acid and rac. 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid are described.

Abstract: An animal or poultry feed additive which is effective for inhibiting or preventing microbial activity, fungi and mold growth in feeds to which it is added provided by dispersing methylrosaniline chloride on an acid-treated mineral carrier.

Abstract: A process is provided in which a regulated flow of water is refrigerated, and a source of concentrated orange juice at atmospheric pressure is also refrigerated and is metered and combined with the water under pressure in a refrigerated blending and storage device along with nitrous oxide gas, and the resulting mixture is transferred to a separate freezing chamber where water is frozen from the mixture as pure ice. The mixture is dispensed from the freezing chamber to atmospheric pressure so that the nitrous oxide gas breaks out of the semi-frozen produce to render it fluffy.

Abstract: A multi-stage distillation plant consisting essentially of a multi-flash evaporator provided with a multi-flash chamber which is divided into a heat recovery section and a heat rejection section. In this multi-stage flash distillation plant, the aforesaid flash evaporator is provided with a deaerator for deaerating cold sea water, a thickener for separating brine containing a relatively great amount of seeds, from concentrated brine which has been extracted from a front chamber of the final stage flash chamber, and a seed mixing tank for obtaining a seed-mixed brine, whereby part of the sea water which has passed through the deaerator is supplied as a feed sea water to the rear chamber of the final stage flash chamber, while the brine containing a relatively great amount of seed and extracted from the thickener is joined to the seed-mixed brine fed from the seed mixing tank.

Abstract: An animal or poultry feed additive which is effective for inhibiting or preventing microbial activity, fungi and mold growth in feeds to which it is added provided by dispersing methylrosaniline chloride on an acid-treated mineral carrier.

Abstract: An expanded edible protein product is made by extruding, preferably following heating and working of, a mix containing a proteinaceous material, a sulfur-containing organic compound, and water from a high pressure zone to a low pressure zone. The resultant product has an open, cellular structure and is an excellent meat-like substitute, convenience food and pet food ingredient, and snack item.

Abstract: Fine-grained coke is produced by the degasification of fine-grained coal by a process which includes the following steps:A. mixing the coal to be degasified with recirculated, heated, fine-grained coke in a mixing zone;B. withdrawing gases and vapors produced by degasification from the top portion of an intermediate zone located below the mixing zone and subjecting same to a mechanical dust collection followed by fractional condensation;C. recovering a dust-containing, highboiling tar fraction and recycling same to the mixing zone;D. mixing said tar fraction with recirculated hot coke prior to mixing with coal to be degasified; andE. completely cracking said tar fraction by matching the temperature at which the tar fraction is separated, the rate at which the tar fraction is recycled, and the temperature and quantity of the recirculated hot coke.

Abstract: A method for producing a snack food from fruits and vegetables which comprises washing, paring and if necessary coring the fruit material or vegetable material and cutting it into pieces; if necessary inactivating oxidase contained therein by chemical treatment or heat treatment; frying the pieces in a vacuum or under atmospheric pressure; and cooling the fried pieces in a vacuum. The natural taste and tint of material is preserved, and the product of the method is agreeable to the palate.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for distilling corrosive carboxylic acids free of olefinic unsaturation in distillation apparatus constructed of corrodible metal, which includes the steps of introducing a crude dilute solution of such a corrosive acid into the distillation zone, distilling in the presence of an effective amount of p-benzoquinone or of 1,4-naphthoquinone, and recovering the concentrated corrosive acid outside the distillation zone. The amount of p-benzoquinone or of 1,4-naphthoquinone is such as to effectively prevent or reduce to acceptable limits the corrosion of the metal distillation apparatus by such acids, and also to permit this distillation process to be effectuated at those high acid vapor temperatures which otherwise would not be feasible because of the heightened degree of corrosiveness exhibited by the acids at such temperatures.

Abstract: When ensiling fodder, such as grass, clover, lucerne, it has been found useful to add hexamethylenetetramine and a nitrite to the fodder.

Abstract: Substances having biological activity in ruminants, e.g. nutrients, medicaments and diagnostics, are protected during passage through the rumen with a fatty acid having at least 14 carbon atoms. These acids, which preferably form a continuous outer coating around the biologically active substance, are resistant to rumen conditions but release the active substance lower down the digestive tract where the fatty acids can also be utilised nutritionally.

Abstract: A method is provided for inhibiting microbial spoilage and discoloration of edible meat comprising contacting the external surfaces of said meat with an aqueous hypochlorous acid solution, the solution being at a pH related to the elapsed time after the slaughter of the meat animal so that the growth of salmonella organisms is inhibited.

Abstract: A ribbon of semiconductor material is formed by supplying powdered semiconductor material at the bottom of a rectangular tube shaping guide while heating the semiconductor material in the region of the guide to produce a molten body of semiconductor material within the guide. The upper surface of the melt is contacted with a seed ribbon which is drawn upward while maintaining the supply of semiconductor material adjacent to the bottom of the guide.

Abstract: The invention is an improved apparatus for use in a system for growing crystalline bodies from the melt. The apparatus has a novel crucible die assembly in which the dies are located in cavities in the crucible side wall.

Abstract: A hydration drying process is described for producing an improved free-flowing, non-hygroscopic food and/or beverage powder. The process involves the admixing of a juice concentrate with a predetermined amount of anhydrous dextrose in an agitating device until the desired degree of dryness is achieved. If desired, the rate of hydration of the dextrose molecules can be expedited by subjecting the mixture to a hydration enhancing step at a low temperature either during or after agitation of the mixture. When compared to conventional drying processes, the present invention is more economical, retains desirable volatiles, and develops negligible off-flavors during processing.

Abstract: A monocrystalline silicon ingot is grown from molten silicon by progressively lifting a monocrystalline seed from the molten silicon, which is disposed within a crucible in a furnace, through mounting the seed on a graphite pull shaft. The pull shaft is surrounded by a bellows, which is connected to a carriage to which the pull shaft also is connected. A seal, which is carried by the bellows structure, seals the pull shaft in its rotary motion. Because the bellows structure and the pull shaft are both connected to the carriage, there is no relative linear motion therebetween so that there is no necessity to seal for linear motion of the pull shaft. A pair of lifting mechanisms is connected to diametrically opposite sides of the carriage to support the carriage and to exert a lifting force on the pull shaft along its longitudinal axis. The crucible also must be raised as the level of the molten silicon is depleted due to the formation of the ingot on the seed at the end of the pull shaft.