Abstract: Xylene isomerization is carried out using specific non-zeolitic molecular sieve catalyst, e.g., the silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves of U.S. Pat. No. 4,440,871, to provide improved production of p-xylene from C.sub.8 aromatic compounds and the conversion of ethylbenzene to a xylene.

Abstract: Feedstock comprising aromatic compounds is converted by isomerization, alkylation, disproportionation or transalkylation to product comprising aromatic compounds which differs from the feedstock over catalyst having been prepared by reacting a high-silica zeolite with an acidic inorganic oxide in the presence of water.

Abstract: Linear and/or branched claim C.sub.2 to C.sub.12 olefins are converted to hydrocarbon mixtures suitable for use as liquid motor fuels by contact with a catalyst capable of ensuring the production of desirable products with only a relatively minor amount of heavy products boiling beyond the diesel oil range. The catalyst having desirable stability during continuous production operations, comprises a steam stabilized zeolite Y catalyst of hydrophobic character, desirably in aluminum-extracted form. The olefins such as propylene, may be diluted with inerts, such as paraffins or with water, the latter serving to moderate the acidity of the catalyst, or to further moderate the activity of the aluminum-extracted catalyst, so as to increase the effective life of the catalyst.

Abstract: Indanes are prepared by reacting substituted or unsubstituted benzyl halides with olefins in the presence of a Lewis acid as catalyst by reacting benzyl halides I ##STR1## (where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 =hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyl, aryl, aryloxy, aralkylR.sup.3 =R.sup.1, halogen or an ortho-fused ring systemX=halogen)with olefins II ##STR2## (where R.sup.4 to R.sup.7 =hydrogen or alkyl unbranched at alpha) in the presence of catalytic amounts of titanium tetrachloride.

Abstract: A method for sequentially co-processing heavy hydrocarbon materials and carbonaceous materials comprising first subjecting the heavy hydrocarbon material in the presence of a disposable metal catalyst to produce and separate therefrom a first distillate stream and a first non-distillable effluent stream containing the disposable metal catalyst. The first non-distillable effluent stream then is mixed with the carbonaceous material and the mixture subjected to liquefaction conditions in the presence of said disposable metal catalyst. The liquefaction product then is subjected through the use of sequential fractionation and critical solvent extraction processing steps to separate and recover various heavy hydrocarbon and carbonaceous-derived light hydrocarbon liquid products therefrom.

Abstract: Cyclization of aliphatic moieties of 3-20 carbons which comprises contacting a suitable starting compound comprising the aliphatic moiety with a catalyst comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of copper aluminum borate and zero valent copper on a support comprising aluminum borate under appropriate reaction conditions to obtain a compound having at least one more cyclic moiety than the starting compound. Preferably, the aromatic which undergoes cyclization is an alkenyl group attached to an aromatic nucleus. The present invention can be used to dehydrocyclize alkenylbenzenes to alkylnaphthalenes. In particular, 5-(o-tolyl)pentene can be dehydrocyclized to mixtures of 1,5-, 1,6-, and 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic reforming of a hydrocarbon charge wherein the charge passes successively through at least two catalyst beds, the first one being a bed of a first catalyst whose carrier contains platinum, rhenium and at least one halogen, at least the last bed being a moving bed of a second catalyst whose carrier contains platinum, at least one additional metal M selected from the group consisting of tin, gallium, germanium, indium, lead and thallium and at least one halogen, said metal M being introduced onto this carrier by means of an organometallic compound and the proportion by weight of said second catalyst being from 25 to 55% of the total catalyst mass used in all the catalyst beds. The charge preferably passes through at least two fixed beds of the first catalyst and at least one moving bed of the second catalyst, the carrier of the two catalysts being preferably alumina.By this process high grade gasolines (of Research Octane Number higher than 95) are produced over long periods.

Abstract: Naphtha is isomerized using a medium-pore zeolite catalyst.Isomerization is accomplished by contacting the hydrocarbon with the medium-pore zeolite catalyst at a temperature in the range 200.degree. to 400.degree. C., preferably, at a space velocity of 0.05 to 75 v/v/hr, preferably, at a pressure at 14.7 to 1500 psig.The medium zeolite catalyst employed has a silica to alumina ratio in the range of about 5 to >30, preferably 10-20, more preferably 12-17 and a pore size of about 5.5 to 6.8 .ANG.. The preferred medium pore zeolite is a zeolite of the offretite type. The zeolite preferably has associated with it a hydrogenation component which is typically a Group VIII metal, oxide or sulphide, or mixtures thereof, preferably platinum or palladium. The preferred offretite type zeolite may be any of the readily available commercial materials and may have their SiO.sub.2 /Al.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: A process is presented which is useful for the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated organic compounds. The resultant product of such a reaction produces the monoolefinic equivalents of the hydrogenated polyunsaturated organic compounds. The catalyst used in this selective hydrogenation process comprises nickel and sulfur deposited on the surface of an alumina support. The preferred catalyst does not contain halogens, noble metals, alkaline earth metals, or alkali metals and is characterized by having only a very low percentage of the total pore volume being provided by pores having an average pore diameter less than 150 angstroms. The great majority of the pore volume is present in the form of macropores having diameters of 500 to 1500 angstroms.

Abstract: H-mordenite has been shown to be unique in its ability to yield a high percentage of para-substitution of monoalkyl benzene by alkylation with long chain alpha-olefins. The process also yields a high percentage of substitution of the alpha-olefin in the 2-carbon position. Minimal side effects, such as dialkylation and transalkylation, are also advantages of the process.

Abstract: A process for producing acidic boratozirconium chloride sols which comprises: reacting a zirconium compound with a boron compound in molar ratios of B/Zr of 0.3-1.2 together with a compound of a metal M other than boron, the metal M being selected from the group consisting of divalent, trivalent, tetravalent and pentavalent metals in molar ratios of M/Zr of about 0.01-1 in water in the presence of chloride ions in molar ratios of Cl/Zr of not less than about 1.The acidic boratozirconium chloride sol may be converted to basic boratozirconium sols by reacting the acidic sol with a basic carbonate compound such as ammonium carbonate.The sols, either acidic or basic, are readily gelled by contact with a dehydration solvent such as methanol or acetone.The gel is calcined at relatively low temperatures to provide zirconia which is either very pure or stabilized in varied degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improvement in a process for the conversion of benzene in gas-phase to cyclohexane under a suitable operation conditions by hydrogenation over a specific supported nickel catalyst located on a fixed bed reactor, the improvement comprising that the specific supported nickel catalyst is a nickel catalyst supported by a mixture of titanium dioxide and zirconium dioxide. The present invention also relates to the operation condition for the hydrogenation of benzene, the optimal components of the catalyst used, process for the preparation of said specific supported catalysts and the conditions for pretreatment.

Abstract: An additive comprising a mixture of at least one decomposable molybdenum compound selected from the group consisting of molybdenum dithiophosphates and molybdenum dithiocarbamates and at least one decomposable nickel compound selected from the group consisting of nickel dithiophosphates and nickel dithiocarbamates is mixed with a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream. The hydrocarbon-containing feed stream containing the additive is then contacted in a hydrofining process with a catalyst composition comprising a support selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica and silica-alumina and a promoter comprising at least one metal selected from Group VIB, Group VIIB and Group VIII of the Periodic Table. The introduction of the inventive additive may be commenced when the catalyst is new, partially deativated or spent with a beneficial result occuring in each case.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the catalytic cracking of gas oils with an additional nickel and vanadium metals-containing heavy feedstock. Included is regeneration of the catalyst by burning off coke.

Abstract: The disclosure of the invention concerns a unique process for the isomerization of a double bond for movement of the same from the alpha position to an internal position of the olefinic molecule. The catalyst utilized for this migration is an 8 and 10 member ring aluminosilicate or tectosilicate having the surface treated with a silane compound.

Abstract: The invention, in one aspect, is a process for preparing a (methyl-substituted)diphenyl methane by coupling at least (including benzene) a methyl-substituted benzene into the (methyl-substituted)diphenyl methane comprising contacting at least the methyl-substituted benzene with a solid heterogeneous reactant-catalyst having labile oxygen under conditions whereby the (methyl-substituted)diphenyl methane is prepared. For example, using molybdenum trioxide or vanadium pentoxide, toluene can be coupled in the vapor or liquid phase to prepare (2-methylphenyl)phenylmethane. By-product formation, especially formation of carbon dioxide, can be very low.

Abstract: The invention concerns a new mordenite adsorbing molecules of a kinetic diameter higher than about 0.66 nm, prepared from a mordenite of the so-called small pores type.Said zeolite, admixed with a matrix and at least one group VIII metal can be used in n-paraffins hydroisomerization reactions.

Abstract: A liquid catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion reactions and a method for reacting hydrocarbons employing such catalyst is provided by the present invention. The liquid catalyst includes a strong liquid acid such as sulfuric acid or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and an ion-stabilizing agent such as hexafluoroisopropanol or trifluoroacetic acid. The liquid catalyst has a significantly higher Bronsted acidity than the strong liquid Bronsted acid alone. When the liquid catalyst is used to catalyze the transalkylation of alkylbenzene, for example, the rate of transalkylation is from 2 to 3 times greater than using the strong liquid acid alone.

Abstract: Isobutene is produced by contacting isobutane with a sulfided, type L zeolitic catalyst containing platinum, tin, barium, and an inorganic binder. The isobutane is contacted with the catalyst in the presence of a sulfur-containing gas at a temperature of from 850.degree. F. to 1250.degree. F., a pressure of less than 20 psig, a liquid hourly space velocity of below 40, and an H.sub.2 /HC of less than 10. Preferably, the catalyst comprises: (1) a sulfided, type L zeolite containing from 8% to 10% by weight barium, from 0.6% to 1.0% by weight platinum, and tin at an atom ratio with the platinum of about 1:1; and (2) an inorganic binder of either silica, alumina, or aluminosilicates.

Abstract: A method of making a catalyst composition comprising an activated alumina coating stabilized against thermal degradation includes applying a coating of alumina having one or more platinum group metal catalytic components dispersed thereon onto a carrier substrate and calcining the coating. The calcined coating is then impregnated with a solution of a thermal stabilizer-precursor and calcined again to provide a thermal stabilizer in the alumina. Bulk ceria, optionally an aluminum-stabilized bulk ceria, may also be added to the composition, preferably at specified minimum levels, including a high purity bulk ceria on which one or more non-rhodium platinum group metal catalytic components, e.g., platinum, optionally, are dispersed. A separate aspect of the invention provides for a method of making a catalyst composition including dispersing one or more platinum group metal catalytic components on an activated alumina and calcining the combined alumina and platinum group metal catalytic components.