Abstract: An image transformation method for translating a non-linear 2D geometrical transformation into two separable 1D geometrical transformations first determines the inverse of the 2D geometrical transformation to form an inverse 2D geometrical transformation. Then the method converts the inverse 2D geometrical transformation into an analytical inverted 2D geometrical transformation and separates the analytical inverse 2D geometrical transformation into first and second 1D geometrical transformations. The method then represents said inverse 2D geometrical transformation and first and second 1D geometrical transformations as tensor spline surfaces and then compares an evaluation of said first and second 1D geometrical transformations at each pixel with an evaluation of the analytical inverse 2D geometrical transformation at each pixel. If the error evaluation does not meet a predetermined level of performance then the separation and transformation steps are repeated.

Abstract: A method of compositing a plurality of ordered image layers which include a group of consecutive layers. The group has a shape effect and a composition effect. Any image layers under the group are composited to generate a first intermediate image. A first subset of the plurality of image layers is composited to generate a second intermediate image, the first intermediate image is composited with the second intermediate image according to the composition effect to generate a third intermediate image, and the third intermediate image is composited with a second subset of the plurality of image layer to generate a fourth intermediate image. The first intermediate image is cross-faded with the fourth intermediate image according to the shape effect to generate a fifth intermediate image. The fifth intermediate image is composited with any remaining image layers to generate a final image.

Abstract: In order to enable the gentlest possible scrolling of an image to be presented on a display unit, without restricting the scrolling range and with a low outlay, an image area is defined that is larger than the image area that can be presented on the display unit. This larger image area is subdivided into a number of image area sections to which the image data of a corresponding memory section of a frame buffer provided for storing the image data of the image area are assigned by means of corresponding address information items.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes an apparatus body, a lid member, a supporting mechanism, an operation section and a control section. The apparatus body has a playback section. The lid member has a display section provided on one face thereof. A signal from the playback section is supplied to the display section. The supporting mechanism is provided between the apparatus body and the lid member. The supporting mechanism supports the lid member on the apparatus body for pivotal motion between a first position wherein the lid member covers an upper face of the apparatus body and a second position wherein the lid member uncovers the upper face of the apparatus body and also for pivotal motion around an axis parallel to the plane of the lid member at the second position. The operation section is provided on the apparatus body. The control section is provided on the apparatus body.

Abstract: A method and system for spatially compositing digital video images with a tile pattern library. Spatial compositing uses a graphics pipeline to render a portion (tile) of each overall frame of digital video images. This reduces the amount of data that each processor must act on and increases the rate at which an overall frame is rendered. Optimization of spatial compositing depends on balancing the processing load among the different pipelines. The processing load typically is a direct function of the size of a given tile and an inverse function of the rendering complexity for objects within this tile. Load balancing strives to measure these variables and adjust, from frame to frame, the number, sizes, and positions of the tiles. The cost of this approach is the necessity to communicate, in conjunction with each frame, the number, sizes, and positions of the tiles.

Abstract: Vector quantization provides font contour data reduction. Characters are defined in a font collection using segmented outline forms and common references stored to curve segments for similar segments in different characters of the font collection. Compressing the font collection preferably includes applying an entropy encoding data reduction. The common references are stored in a segment storage location. Another aspect includes decompressing a font store containing a compressed collection of outline fonts. The uncompressed curve segments are scaled so as to match a requested size for a letterform.

Abstract: Surfaces of an object are rendered in the order from a surface remotest from a viewpoint. When a rear surface, e.g., a rear surface, is to be rendered, a range, i.e., a range of a texture to be used, projected by way of perspective projection with vectors which are directed from the viewpoint toward a background image and take into account refractions at vertexes of the surface is determined, and the texture in the determined range is mapped onto the surface. When a front surface, e.g., a front surface, is to be rendered, a range, i.e., a range of a texture to be used, projected by way of perspective projection with vectors which are directed from the viewpoint toward a background image and take into account refractions at vertexes of the surface is determined, and the texture in the determined range is mapped onto the surface.

Abstract: A computerized method and computer readable medium for adjusting a digital image obtained from scanning a document. An application processes the digital image to discern a border portion from an image portion. The application processes the digital image to determine whether an image portion of the digital image corresponds to a target orientation. If the image portion does not correspond to a target orientation, the application adjusts the image portion to correspond to the target orientation. The application further crops the adjusted image to entirely eliminate the border portion of that image.

Abstract: In order to render a primitive, the primitive is subdivided into trapezoids and triangles. The subdivision occurs using scanline-aligned lines. These simple scanline-aligned regions are further subdivided so that the primitive is divided into simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids and other complex scan shapes. The simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids are rasterized. One rasterization method uses a texture map containing slope-based coverage information to edge areas. Gouraud shading may be used to provide the anti-aliasing effects on the scanline-boundaried trapezoids. The simple scanline-boundaried trapezoids may also be rasterized using a software rasterizer. Complex scans are rasterized using a software rasterizer. As data is already rasterized, it is thereby efficiently transferred to the GPU.

Abstract: An oscilloscope that is capable of displaying simultaneously multiple waveforms representing time evolution of a signal during respective acquisition intervals acquires waveform data using a first set of acquisition parameters and generates a display based on that waveform data. If the display includes a waveform that is visually distinct from other displayed waveforms, the user selects a feature that distinguishes the visually distinct waveform from other displayed waveforms. The oscilloscope automatically derives updated acquisition parameters that discriminate between the selected feature and other features of the displayed waveforms. The oscilloscope then acquires waveform data using the updated acquisition parameters and generates a display based on that waveform data.

Abstract: A system providing a user interface to allow a user to easily modify parameters of media presentations such as images and audio. The user selects first and second reference instances, such as images. The images are described by parameters and parameter values. Differences between the images' parameter/value characteristics are identified. The first and second reference images are placed at different points on a display screen. By moving a pointer relative to the positions of the first and second reference images, a current image is generated that is a combination, or function, of the identified parameter/value characteristics. Thus, the user is able to quickly, and intuitively, achieve many desired modifications to the media. A feature of the invention allows image content to be modified in a similar manner. First and second computer model positions, animations, bitmap images, etc., can be used and the same technique employed to create many derivations from the selected reference images.

Abstract: The minimum number of rectangles required to fill a particular polygon and which meet input parameters including minimum stripe width, maximum stripe width, stripe overlap amount, maximum number of borders, and whether or not to merge adjacent borders, is determined by: (1) bordering, including computing a border width which is wide as possible, bordering all non-orthogonal polygons with one or more borders, merging borders when appropriate, halting bordering as soon as the interior can be efficiently filled using orthogonal fill rectangles; (2) filling, including filling the interior of the bordered non-orthogonal polygon or the unbordered orthogonal polygon with orthogonal paint stripes, filling, if possible, the uncovered area with a single least encompassing rectangle, otherwise generating orthogonal stripes using the minimum stripe width and where practical merging them with a previous adjacent stripe; and (3) processing, including locating any and all unfilled portions of the original polygon, applying

Abstract: A graphics system applies multiple layers of texture information to triangles. The graphics system includes a hardware accelerator, a frame buffer and a video output processor. The hardware accelerator receives vertices of a triangle, identifies fragments of a sampling space which intersect the triangle, and applies the multiple layers of texture to the intersecting fragments. The multiple layers of textures may be stored in a texture memory external to the hardware accelerator. The hardware accelerator switches to a next texture layer after applying the textures of a current layer to all the fragments of the triangle. The hardware accelerator includes (or couples to) a texture accumulation buffer which stores color values associated with the triangle fragments between the application of successive texture layers. The frame buffer stores the samples and pixels generated from the samples by filtration. The video output processor transforms the pixels into a video signal.

Abstract: A method for creating a rendered scene that is composed of two or more RGB image layers that can be composited at a later time. The resulting composition will appear the same as if it were rendered all at the same time. The elements of a foreground image layer scene are rendered separately over a black background and a white background. The RGB components for each pixel of the foreground image layer scene rendered over the black background are combined with the RGB components for each corresponding pixel of the foreground image layer scene rendered over the white background to form a rendered foreground layer. The foreground layer may be combined with a background image layer in a conventional manner, possibly with additional material added between the background and foreground image layers.

Abstract: The invention relates to an autostereoscopic method and a device for the three-dimensional representation of information according to a barrier-, lenticular-, prismatic mask-, or similar method using flat-panel displays (liquid crystal-, plasma-, electroluminescent- or other displays) for use in the computer and video technology, games and advertising, medical engineering, virtual reality applications, and other fields. According to the invention, the image points are proportionally tracked to lateral movement of the observer by shifting, for each colored subpixel, of the intensities of the colored subpixels to horizontally adjacent colored subpixels. The method can be used with known devices. It becomes especially useful when, for each image point, n+1 adjacent colored subpixels are addressed. Observers moving sideways continue to see the image in practically consistently high quality.

Abstract: A graphics system configured to operate on a collection of vertices to determine mappings from an initial order to secondary and tertiary ordering. The initial order corresponds to the ordering of the vertices in an input buffer. The secondary (tertiary) ordering corresponds to the ordering of the vertices along a triangle major (minor) axis. The graphics system computes horizontal and vertical displacements along edges of the triangle in the initial ordering, and uses the signs of the horizontal displacements and vertical displacements to access a mapping table which determines the mappings. The mappings may be used to rasterize the triangle in terms of pixels (or samples).

Abstract: The present invention is directed toward a texture combine circuit for generating fragment graphics data for a pixel in a graphics processing system. The texture combine circuit includes at least one texture combine unit and is coupled to receive graphics data, such as a plurality of texture graphics data, and perform user selected graphics combine operations on a set of input data selected from the plurality of texture graphics data to produce the fragment graphics data for the pixel. The texture combine circuit may include several texture combine units in a cascade connection, where each texture combine unit is coupled to receive the plurality of texture graphics data and the resultant output value of the previous texture combine units in the cascade.

Abstract: The intensity of specularly reflected light from an illuminated object is represented by an algebraic expression including multiplication, addition, and subtraction operations. The algebraic expression is used in an illumination model, where the illumination model describes the color and intensity of light reflected by the illuminated object. Light reflected by the illuminated object is composed of ambient, diffuse, and specular components. The specular terms used in the illumination model are equivalent in functional form to the diffuse terms, thereby accelerating the computation of color vector c defined by the illumination model. A modified algebraic expression representing specularly reflected light from an illuminated object is defined and used in the illumination model, thereby accelerating computation of color vector c.

Abstract: Colors are specified within the individual glyphs of a font by means of an indirect approach which employs multiple tables. The data values for individual pixels of a glyph identify entries in an index table, which pertains to a subset of all available colors. The entries in the index table map to a complete set of colors that are specified in a color table. As a result of this structure, the amount of data that is required to specify the individual pixels of a glyph can be minimized to the number of bits required to distinguish the colors within that glyph. The specification of all available colors within a single table permits that table to be shared among various resources, including bitmap fonts and outline fonts.

Abstract: A technique for expressing an elastic body using computer graphics. The elastic body is expressed by transforming coordinates of shape specific points which specify the shape of an object using a transformation matrix. Each element of the transformation matrix is expressed by a function having time as a variable which converges to a corresponding element of a matrix that represents the motion of the object when the object is assumed to be a rigid body. By substituting a predetermined time into this function, a value of each element of the transformation matrix is determined. The shape of the object is determined based on the coordinate values of the shape specific points after coordinate transformation.