Abstract: A first network device and a second network device for forwarding data units are included in a network. The second network device is configured to receive data units from the first network device via an output interface from the first network device. Each of the network devices is further configured to form a first value derived from information pertaining to a received data unit, perform a function on the first value to provide a second value, wherein the function of the first network device is different from the function of the second network device when forwarding a same data unit, select an output interface based on the second value, and forward a received data unit via an interface.

Abstract: During normal operation, a user terminal supported by an IP-PBX server establishes a call by resolving the name of the IP-PBX server using a DNS server. When the DNS server provides the address of the IP-PBX server, the IP-PBX server can be contacted. However, if the SIP controller learns that the IP-PBX is no longer operating, the information stored by the service provider environment may be used to build or configure an IP-Centrex server at a remote site which takes over for the failing IP-PBX server. The newly configured IP-Centrex server then registers itself with the SIP controller and either the SIP controller or the IP-Centrex server then informs the DNS server of the IP address of the IP-Centrex and tells the DNS server that the IP-Centrex server will respond to messages for the failed IP-PBX server. The newly configured IP-Centrex server then handles the messages and control flow previously handled by the IP-PBX server.

Abstract: The present invention supports the operation of IS-IS over UDLs without the need for encapsulation of IS-IS PDUs in IP and without the need for a large-scale upgrade of the protocol in the network. The present invention also supports adjacency establishment when the return path from a router at the receive end of a to the router at the transmit end of the unidirectional link is via another unidirectional link.

Abstract: A network traffic device for a managed network can operate as a client host, to receive packets from the managed network and forward them to an uplinked external network, thereby operating as a gateway to the uplink network and performing a network address translation (NAT) function for the managed network relative to the uplinked network.

Abstract: Ethernet hardware is configured to realize a load balancing network by using Ethernet bridging hardware that is VLAN-aware.

Abstract: A relay device (1) includes a plurality of network processing units (200-1˜200-N) having the same function and structure. A session management unit (202-1) in a certain network processing unit (e.g. 200-1), when receiving a packet from an external network through an IF unit (e.g. 204-1-1) in the same processing unit, searches a session table (230-1) for IF specifying information indicative of an IF unit as an output destination determined for a session to which the above packet belongs. When the above IF specifying information indicates an IF unit (e.g. 204-N-M) in other network processing unit (e.g. 200-N), a packet processing unit (201-1) transfers the above IF specifying information and the above packet to the network processing unit (200-N) through a switch unit (300). A packet processing unit (201-N) in the network processing unit (200-N) outputs the above packet to the IF unit (204-N-M) represented by the IF specifying information.

Abstract: A method and system for an aggregated virtual local area network (VLAN) architecture in which several VLANs in a network share the same default router address and subnet mask, but remain isolated from one another's network traffic. Instead of the traditional method of assigning one subnet to a VLAN, each VLAN is assigned only a portion of a subnet's IP address space, and is further grouped into a super-VLAN uniquely associated with that subnet. Intra-VLAN traffic is forwarded only to host IP addresses assigned to that same VLAN according to a VLAN identifier carried in the data packet. Inter-VLAN traffic is processed by a virtual router interface which routes the data packet by applying the routing configuration for the subnet uniquely associated with the super-VLAN, according to a super-VLAN identifier carried in the data packet.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for real-time traffic classification based on off-line determined traffic classification rules are provided. Traces of real traffic are obtained and subjected to statistical analysis. The statistical analysis identifies the multidimensional domain space of characteristic traffic parameters. Classification rules associated with the identified domains are derived and provided to traffic classification points for real-time traffic classification. Traffic classification points, typically edge network nodes, sample packets in aggregate streams with a predetermined probability. Statistical information regarding the sampled flows is tracked in a table, the number of time a flow was sampled providing a probabilistic measure of the flow's duration before the flow terminates. The table entries, which predominantly track high bandwidth flows, are subjected to the classification rules for real-time classification of the sampled flows.

Abstract: A method for data communication across a layer 2 bridged network having two or more edge nodes configured for receiving and transmitting multiprotocol data packets. The method includes creating a pseudowire circuit across the bridged network, receiving data packets at one of the edge nodes, encapsulating data packets into pseudowire frames, encapsulating the pseudowire frames inside MAC frames, and transmitting the encapsulated frames over the carrier bridged network.

Abstract: Local Interconnect Network message budget calculation error is reduced by utilizing an eight bit time measurement of the sync byte in the message header. The method determines the header budget separately from the data budget, simplifying the required logic. The sync byte reference time is multiplied by the message data size to determine the data budget.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a packet switch for synchronising port controllers (1) with cross-connection means (40). By switching cross-connection means from loopback configurations (41a, 43a) to no-transmission configurations, consecutively an offset counter (32) in a port controller (1) may be altered until transmission of cells is synchronised, so as cells are switched within said cross-connection means (40) within transmission periods.

Abstract: Base stations exchange first information with first users over first wireless communication links. A mobile switching center provides mobile telephone service. An Internet access system provides Internet access service. A data system provides a data service. An Ethernet backhaul system uses an Ethernet format to exchange the first information between the first base stations and the mobile switching center, the Internet access system, and the data system. A second base station exchanges second information with second users over second wireless communication links. A first interface is exchanges the second information with the second base station. A second interface exchanges the second information with the first interface over a cable television distribution network. The Ethernet backhaul system uses the Ethernet format to exchange the second information between the second interface and the mobile switching center, the Internet access system, and the data system.

Abstract: An interface switch which presents itself as switch to an enterprise fabric formed of the devices from the same manufacturer as the interface switch and that of a host or node to an enterprise fabric from a different manufacturer. This allows each enterprise fabric to remain in a higher performance operating mode. The multiplexing of multiple streams of traffic between the N_ports on the first enterprise fabric and the second enterprise fabric is accomplished by N_port Virtualization. The interface switch can be connected to multiple enterprise fabrics. All control traffic address mappings between virtual and physical addresses may be mediated and translated by the CPU of the interface switch and address mappings for data traffic performed at wire speed. Since the interface switch may preferably be a single conduit between the enterprise fabrics, it is also a good point to enforce perimeter defenses against attacks.

Abstract: Method and devices are provided to form virtual switches for data networks. As noted above, the term “switch” as used herein will apply to switches, routers and similar network devices. Each virtual switch acts as a single logical unit, while encompassing at least two physical chassis. Accordingly, each virtual switch may be treated as a single point of management. Each virtual switch includes a master chassis and at least one slave chassis. The master chassis is configured to control the slave chassis. The master chassis includes at least one master supervisor card and the slave chassis includes at least one slave supervisor card. The master chassis and the slave chassis communicate via a virtual switch link according to a virtual switch link protocol.

Abstract: A system and method of switching packets and/or cells, which includes a switching apparatus having a plurality of input units that receive at least one packet to be transferred by the switching apparatus. A plurality of output units transfer the packet out of the switching apparatus. A switch unit transfers the packet from one of the input units to one of the output units. Each input unit includes at least one input queue that temporarily holds the packet to be transferred by the switching apparatus. Each input unit also includes a respective unicast credit count unit that allows the packet to be transferred out from the queue when a current unicast credit value determined by the unicast credit count unit is at least predetermined value. Each output unit includes at least one output queue that receives the packet as switched by the switch unit, and which is to be transferred out of the switching apparatus.

Abstract: A control surface has a network connection for connecting to a host computer and has an address and an input for communicating data with the host computer. The network interface processes packets received from the host computer. Packets received include a first type and a second type, and the type is indicated by data in the packet. Upon receipt of a packet of the first type an acknowledgment packet is sent. Upon receipt of a packet of the second type, an acknowledgment packet is not sent. The packets of the second type include at least status information for a plurality of meters in the audio control surface. The status of the meters on the audio control surface is overwritten with the status information provided in any packets of the second type.

Abstract: A method for processing a dual transport stream (TS) which is multiplexed from a normal stream and a turbo stream is provided for a digital broadcasting transmission/reception system. The digital broadcasting signal processing method includes encoding a dual transport stream (TS) which is multiplexed from a normal steam and a turbo stream; interleaving the encoded dual transport stream (TS); turbo-processing by detecting the turbo stream from the interleaved dual transport stream (TS), encoding the detected turbo stream, stuffing the encoded turbo stream into the dual transport stream (TS), and compensating a parity corresponding to the encoded turbo stream; and trellis-encoding the turbo-processed dual transport stream (TS). Accordingly, the digital broadcasting reception performance can be improved in diverse environments.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products are disclosed for selectively performing global title translation based on message type at an SS7 network node. A message is received indicating route-on-global-title. A message type of the received message is determined. Global title translation is selectively performed based on the determined message type.

Abstract: A computer system of a federation coupled to a network including a server having an internal address associated with a first subnet and a network abstraction and isolation layer rules-based federation and masquerading (NAIL RBFM) interface that interfaces the server with the network. The NAIL RBFM interface transforms the internal address between the first subnet and a second subnet for intra-federation communications. The NAIL RBFM interface performs transform and inverse transform operations to convert between internal and external addresses of intra-federation network traffic. The operations may be performed on source and destination addresses, and may be configured in any of several manners, such as modifying at least one bit of an address, replacing at least one octet of an IP address, substituting a prefix of an address, replacing an entire address, etc.

Abstract: A transit memory assembly of a rotator-based switching node is logically partitioned into two sections, one operated as a common-memory switch fabric and the other as a time-shared space-switch fabric. The composition of data received at input ports of the switching node determines adaptive capacity division between the two sections. Based on an indication of traffic type, a controller of at least one input port selects one of the two sections. The space-switch section enables scalability to a high transport capacity while the common-memory section enables scalability to a high processing throughput. The switching node includes rotators and a bank of transit-memory devices that facilitate the incorporation of any mixture of periodic, aperiodic, contention-free exclusive-access, concurrent-access, and multicast switching.