Abstract: An illumination device for photography includes a guide part arranged to guide, through the inside of a dense member, a light emitted from a flash light emitting part disposed in a camera body and to cause the light to exit from a position located away from the camera body. The member is shaped in such a way as to enhance the illuminating efficiency of the illumination device by converging the light in the process of guiding the light. The illumination device is thus arranged to be capable of preventing a red-eye phenomenon without lowering the illuminating efficiency and without incurring a complex structural arrangement.

Abstract: A rear projection screen assembly including a plurality of rear projection screen panels and a framing system for interconnecting the panels. Each of the panels includes an audience facing front surface and a rear surface upon which an image is projected. Selected perimeter edges of the panels include notches which are in registry with notches provided on the perimeter edges of adjacent panels when the panels are arranged in a screen-forming relationship. The framing system includes front brackets and rear brackets disposed along the notched edges of the panels at the panel front surfaces and rear surfaces respectively. Fasteners which extend through the notches in the panel edges connect the front bracket to the rear bracket such that the panels are secured between the brackets. The invention also provides an integrally formed fastener and bracket to facilitate assembly.

Abstract: According to a method of correcting light proximity effect, a decision distance from one exposure point to the other exposure point, where influence of the light proximity effect appears, as well as a reference area ratio for deciding as to whether the light proximity effect correction is necessary or not are determined based on an optical condition of an exposure apparatus having a photomask attached thereto. Respective sides of a photomask pattern are divided into portions each having at most a prescribed length, and a ratio of an area occupied by the photomask pattern to an area of a circle having a middle point of each divided side as a center and the decision distance as a radius is determined for each of the divided sides. Comparing the area ratio for each of the divided sides with the reference area ratio for decision, a decision is made for each divided side as to whether the light proximity effect correction is necessary or not.

Abstract: In a multiple-projector concave-screen display system, spacial alignment of images on the screen, is enabled by designating calibration points with retro-reflective dots and illumination markers. The manufacture of the screen involves locating calibration points and depositing the dots with a tool utilizing a rotary mechanism for loading and applying the dots from solenoid actuated pod units. Areas for retro-reflective dots, versus illumination markers, are defined on the basis of reflectance angles between vectors to the screen from a projector and from the screen to a viewer.