Abstract: An antenna is provided. The antenna includes a first radiator, a second radiator, a current feeder configured to supply power to at least one of the first radiator and the second radiator, and an adjuster configured to adjust transceiving directions of electromagnetic waves transmitted and received to and from the first radiator and the second radiator to be perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for determining azimuth, elevation, or object position relative to a baseline using an integrated sighting device. The integrated sighting device includes a GPS receiver, an inertial measurement unit (IMU), an optical aperture, a microcomputer, and a handheld housing. The integrated sighting device, during transit from a reference position to a sighting position, determines a first angle between the sighting position and the reference position based on carrier phase input received during the transit. Orientation input is received from the IMU at the sighting position as the integrated sighting device is aimed and sighted along a line of sight to the reference position. The baseline is generated based on a second angle of the orientation input correlating with the first angle. The baseline is used as a reference for determining azimuth, elevation, or position of other objects or devices.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing land surveying using real-time kinematic (RTK) engine verification are provided. In one example, a first set of positions of a GNSS receiver may be determined using each of a plurality of RTK engines. If a number of the plurality of RTK engines that produce a fixed solution is greater than or equal to a threshold value, a position of the GNSS receiver may be determined based on at least a portion of the first set of positions. The determined position may then be stored. This process may be repeated any number of times to produce a desired number of stored positions. In response to the number of stored positions being equal to a minimum value, a final position of the GNSS device may be determined based on the stored positions.

Abstract: An apparatus for a vehicle includes a radar detector configured to detect a police radar signal and a receiver configured to receive information about an image of an environment of the vehicle. A controller in communication with the radar detector and the receiver is configured to change at least one operating characteristic of the radar detector based on the received information.

Abstract: Embodiments for providing dynamic azimuth scanning are generally described herein. In some embodiments, weather survey measurements are performed to estimate environmental losses as a function of azimuth angles. Gain improvements are determined based on the amount of energy increase used at different azimuth angles derived from the azimuth loss survey measurements. A gain profile is generated based on the determined gain improvements. An azimuth offset profile is derived using the gain profile to define azimuth angles where progressive scan back is used in the area of environmental losses to provide additional power and to define azimuth angles where progressive scan forward is used in regions of low loss. Dynamic electronic azimuth beam steering provides a near-constant average target detection range as a function of azimuth in the presence of non-uniform loss.

Abstract: A method of implementing convergence of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is disclosed. A GNSS receiver which is coupled with a mobile machine is shut down. The GNSS receiver is in a converged state at shut down. The GNSS receiver is automatically powered up at a preset time. A convergence algorithm is automatically initiated prior to start of work that utilizes the GNSS receiver.

Abstract: A method of implementing fast GNSS convergence by relative positioning is disclosed. A GNSS receiver which is coupled with a mobile machine is shut down. The GNSS receiver is in a converged state at shut down. A movement sensor is monitored to determine if net movement of a GNSS antenna coupled with the mobile machine exceeds a threshold net movement parameter while the GNSS receiver is shut down. Upon power up of the GNSS receiver, a shorter convergence algorithm is initiated in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has not been exceeded. The shorter convergence algorithm is also initiated upon power up of the GNSS receiver in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has been exceeded but information from the movement sensor has been used to update the location of the GNSS receiver since said shut down.

Abstract: A method of implementing convergence selection of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver is disclosed. In accordance with one embodiment, a GNSS receiver which is coupled with a mobile machine is shut down. The GNSS receiver is in a converged state at shut down. A movement sensor is monitored to determine if net movement of a GNSS antenna coupled with the mobile machine exceeds a threshold net movement parameter while the GNSS receiver is shut down. Upon power up of the GNSS receiver, a shorter convergence algorithm is initiated in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has not been exceeded and a longer convergence algorithm is initiated in response to determining that the threshold net movement parameter has been exceeded.

Abstract: Systems and associated methods for improved beamforming of the phase array antenna are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a communication system for wireless signals has a phase array antenna having a plurality of individual antennas and a plurality of electrically conductive traces. The individual traces electrically connect corresponding individual antennas with a transmitter. The lengths of individual traces Ti, Tk satisfy equation Abs ((Ti?Tk) mod (?))<?/B, where ? is a wavelength of the wireless signal and ?/B is a fraction of ?.

Abstract: An illumination device is provided. The illumination device includes a lamp body, a stage, at least one first light source, a first radiator, and a first feed conductor. The stage is disposed in the lamp body. The first light source is disposed on the stage. The first opening is formed on the first radiator, the first light source corresponds to the first opening, and the first radiator transmits a first wireless signal. The first feed conductor is connected to the first radiator.

Abstract: Provided are a radar system for a vehicle and a method for measuring an azimuth therein, which are capable of increasing target sensing and tracking reliability by blocking an error signal that is input from the ground where no vehicle exists or in the elevation angle direction. A system for blocking an error signal input from a ground or in an elevation angle direction includes: two or more main reception antennas; a single side lobe suppression antenna; and a radar configured to compare a magnitude of a main reception signal received from the main reception antenna with a magnitude of a side lobe suppression reception signal received from the side lobe suppression antenna, and measure an azimuth of a target by using the received main reception signal when the magnitude of the main reception signal is larger than the magnitude of the side lobe suppression reception signal.

Abstract: A RADAR apparatus may be used in target detection and/or avoidance. The RADAR apparatus may include a microwave front end configured to transmit and receive RF signals, an analog signal conditioning module coupled with the microwave front end module that conditions RF signals received at the microwave front end module, and a digital signal processing module coupled with the analog signal conditioning module that detects presence and range of one or more targets based on the filtered RF signals.

Abstract: A detection device detects a target based on a reception signal obtained from a reflection signal of a transmission signal. The detection device includes a Doppler frequency component generator that acquires a Doppler frequency component that indicates the amplitude level of a reception signal, for at least one Doppler frequency, based on the reception signal, a region identifier that identifies a first region and a second region that is outside the first region, based on the value of the amplitude level and the increase rate in the amplitude level, a second-Doppler frequency component suppressor that suppresses the Doppler frequency component of an unnecessary signal, out of the Doppler frequency component corresponding to the second region, and a combiner that combines the Doppler frequency component corresponding to the first region outputted from the region identifier, and the output of the second Doppler frequency component suppressor.

Abstract: A monitoring apparatus includes an image-forming optical system aimed forward, an image sensor, an antenna, a first circuit board, a waveguide, an upper case, an information-processing circuit, a second circuit board, a connector, and a power-supply circuit. The connector is disposed at a rear side relative to the image-forming optical system. The power-supply circuit includes at least one capacitor, and a capacitor that is positioned at a highest location out of all of the at least one capacitor is disposed at a rear side relative to the image-forming optical system, which prevents the capacitor from obstructing the visual field of the image-forming optical system. Thus, the image-forming optical system is able to be located close to the power-supply circuit because the monitoring apparatus is very small in height.

Abstract: A solar cell is provided. The solar cell includes a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type, a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type disposed on the first semiconductor layer, an anti-reflection layer on the second semiconductor layer, and a negative charge layer between the anti-reflection layer and the second semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A method and system for generating a high resolution two-dimensional (2D) radar image, by first transmitting a radar pulse by a transmit antenna at an area of interest and receiving echoes, corresponding to reflection the radar pulse in the area of interest, at a set of receive arrays, wherein each array includes and a set of receive antennas that are static and randomly distributed at different locations at a same side of the area of interest with a random orientation within a predetermined angular range. The the echoes are sampled for each receive array to produce distributed data for each array. Then, a compressive sensing (CS) procedure is applied to the distributed data to generate the high resolution 2D radar image.

Abstract: A signal processing method for ultra-fast acquisition and tracking of severely attenuated spread spectrum signals with Doppler frequency and apparatus thereof are disclosed herein. The signal processing method may include a step of searching for at least one receiving signal from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning signals or Spread Spectrum signals in a signal processing device, wherein the step of searching for at least one received signal includes a sparse Doppler frequency search (SDFS) step performing signal search for respective sparse Doppler frequencies being spaced apart from one another by a first interval, and a synthesized Doppler frequency testing (SDFT) step performing signal search for respective synthesized Doppler frequencies being spaced apart from one another by a second interval between the sparse Doppler frequencies, the second interval being shorter than the first interval.

Abstract: A radar device includes a RF signal source, two or more antenna interface units, a feed network, and a control unit. The RF signal source is arranged to provide a RF signal; each of the antenna interface units includes an antenna port and one of the following: an amplifier and a mixer; the feed network includes two or more buffers, each buffer has an active and an inactive state; the control unit is arranged to generate or receive a selection signal which specifies none, one, or more of the antenna interface units as active antenna interface units and the remaining antenna interface units as inactive antenna interface units; the control unit is arranged to activate and deactivate the buffers in dependence on the selection signal so as to feed the RF signal to the none, one, or more active antenna interface units and not to the inactive antenna interface units.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating and optimizing frequency modulated continuous wave radar altimeters using adjustable self-interference cancellation are disclosed. In at least one embodiment, a radar altimeter system comprises: a local oscillator delay line including a variable delay circuit configured to output a delayed signal, a transmitter coupled to the local oscillator delay line and configured to output a transmitter signal, a transceiver circulator coupled to an antenna and coupled to the transmitter, and a frequency mixer coupled to the delay line and coupled to the transceiver circulator. The transceiver circulator directs the transmitter signal to the antenna and the antenna is configured to transmit the transmitter signal and receive a reflected signal from a target. Further, the frequency mixer is configured to receive the delayed signal and the target reflected signal from the transceiver circulator.

Abstract: A level radar is switchable between pulsed and FMCW radar methods. For example, the radar device may include two separate front ends which can be activated selectively via a logic control system. Upon switching to the respective other measurement principle, the evaluation software is also adapted accordingly. In this way, it is possible to use advantageous properties of both measurement methods in a targeted manner.