Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for verifying measured data from at least one sensor system. The measured data directly or indirectly describe values of physical quantities The values of indirectly described physical quantities are calculated from the measured data and/or from known physical and/or mathematical relationships. At least three values describing an identical quantity are subjected in pairs to a mutual comparison. In addition, at least two of the at least three values describing an identical quantity are determined independently of one another by at least one sensor system. A third value describing an identical quantity is determined by a basic sensor system. The disclosure further relates to a corresponding system and a use of the system.

Abstract: A photo-acoustic gas sensor includes a light emitter unit having a light emitter configured to emit a beam of light pulses with a predetermined repetition frequency and a wavelength corresponding to an absorption band of a gas to be sensed, and a detector unit having a microphone. The light emitter unit is arranged so that the beam of light pulses traverses an area configured to accommodate the gas. The detector unit is arranged so that the microphone can receive a signal oscillating with the repetition frequency.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus includes: a motor disposed at an end of a dummy moving path with a shaft being parallel to the ground; a bevel gear with a driving gear and a driven gear which mesh each other, motive power being input from the shaft to the driving gear; a synchronous belt comprising at least two belt wheels and an endless belt, one belt wheel including a shaft perpendicular to the ground and obtaining a motive power input from the driven gear, the other belt wheel being disposed at the other end of the dummy moving path, and belt teeth on an inner circumferential surface of the endless belt respectively meshing with teeth grooves on an outer circumferential surface of said at least two belt wheels; a movable platform connected to a tight side of the endless belt, a dummy being connected on a surface of the platform.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods and storage medium associated with characterizing a fluid sample based on response of a non-planar structure are disclosed herein. In embodiments, an apparatus may include a non-planar structure having an exterior (e.g., a curved exterior) and a core having a content to change (e.g., by osmosis) responsive to application of the fluid sample to the non-planar structure. The apparatus may include one or more processors, devices, and/or circuitry to identify a value indicative of a characteristic of the fluid based on the measurement. Other embodiments may be disclosed or claimed.

Abstract: A force sensor having a noise shielding layer is disclosed. For a first embodiment, a top noise shielding layer is configured on a top surface of a force sensor to screen noise signals which are caused by human body's touch or approaching from top of the force sensor. For a second embodiment, a bottom noise shielding layer is configured on a bottom surface of the force sensor to screen noise signals which are caused by human body's touch or approaching from bottom of the force sensor.

Abstract: Detecting a leak from a site in a sealed system with a source of pressurized gas which is capable of passing through the site, a composition of matter which adheres to the surfaces of the system and which is capable of showing the presence of the gas escaping from the site. The method includes: injecting gas into the system to a pressure in excess of the surrounding pressure, and covering the external surface with the composition to identify the location of the site by the interaction of the escaping gas with the composition. The composition is foam that includes a surfactant which forms a least one bubble in the presence of escaping gas and an indicator which changes color in the presence of the escaping gas. The leak is an opening down to at least the size of a hole 0.001? in diameter. A gas detector may also be used.

Abstract: Disclosed is a water meter including: a reading unit provided in a meter body to display a flow of water supplied through a water pipe; a sensing unit provided in the meter body to detect vibrations transmitted through the water pipe; a conversion unit for converting the vibrations detected by the sensing unit into electric signals; a frequency analysis unit for analyzing frequency components of the electric signals converted by the conversion unit; a comparison-processing unit for comparing each of the frequency components of the analyzed electric signals to a predetermined set-up level, and identifying whether each of the frequency components exceeds the predetermined set-up level; a determination-control unit for calculating a leakage probability on a basis of results from the comparison-processing unit; and an output unit for outputting a determination result of the determination-control unit as at least one of a video signal and an audio signal.

Abstract: Methods of combined sterilization and integrity testing of dialyzers such as hollow fiber dialyzers are disclosed. Sterilization and integrity testing may be performed by treating the dialyzer with a sterilization fluid for sterilizing at least the blood-side compartment of the dialyzer and for wetting the dialysis membrane of the dialyzer with the sterilization fluid, and carrying out an integrity testing of the dialysis membrane wetted with the sterilization fluid, wherein the sterilization fluid is selected from aqueous solutions containing peroxide and/or ozone, the peroxide being selected from peroxides which disintegrate into water, oxygen and/or volatile organic compounds, and from aqueous solutions containing chlorine, bromine and/or iodine.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a measuring apparatus having a reduced size by a substitution of an optical measuring device. A measuring apparatus for measuring micro-fluid or floating particles therein according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a micro-tube containing the micro-fluid; an actuator vibrating the micro-tube; and a tuning fork converting vibration of the micro-tube into an electrical signal.

Abstract: Methods are described for microwave extraction of a component from a rubber-containing plant by providing a container holding a mixture of a sample of the rubber-containing plant and a solvent, placing the container holding the mixture in a vessel, irradiating the mixture in the vessel to increase the temperature of the mixture to extract the component from the sample of the rubber-containing plant into the solvent, and separating the extracted component from the solvent to quantify the amount of the component in the sample. Methods are also described for quantifying the amount of natural rubber in a sample from a rubber-containing plant and quantifying the amount of resin in a sample from a rubber-containing plant.

Abstract: A device for measuring the filling level of a liquid in a container with an ultrasound sensor and electronic components attached to the ultrasound sensor. A damping cup is arranged above the ultrasound sensor. The electronic components attached to the ultrasound sensor are separated from the liquid to be measured by a cover arranged above the electronic components. The cover has a recess in the vicinity of the ultrasound sensor, rests against the ultrasound sensor with the rim of the recess and is sealingly glued to the same.

Abstract: A wireless drink container can monitor a person's hydration and prompt him or her to drink more if appropriate. The drink containers as described herein can monitor liquid levels and communicate with external devices about the liquid levels and rate of consumption. One or more sensors in the drink container monitor the liquid level within the container. A processor coupled to the sensor(s) estimates how much liquid has been removed from the container from changes in the liquid level and transmits a signal representing the change in liquid level to a smartphone or other external device. It also triggers an audio or visual indicator, such as an LED, that prompts the user to drink more based on the user's estimated liquid consumption and on the user's liquid consumption goals, which may be based on the user's physiology, activity level, and location.

Abstract: A wireless consumption meter, such as an ultrasonic flow meter, and a test and calibration system; the wireless consumption meter including a test mode which changes the wireless communication parameters to transmit less data, with less power, faster and more often, than in a normal operating mode. The test and calibration system includes test boxes arranged to receive measurement data from the consumption meters under the test mode circumstances and a common control unit arranged to control the start and stop of the testing and to establish a test or calibration result based on the received measurements from the consumption meters and by comparing with a reference value from a reference device. Further, methods performed by the consumption meter and the test and calibration system are disclosed.

Abstract: A compressor may include a shell containing a motor, a compression mechanism and a lubricant sump. The compressor may also include first and second temperature sensors, and a control module. The first temperature sensor may be at least partially disposed within the lubricant sump and may measure a first temperature of a lubricant at a first position. The second temperature sensor may be at least partially disposed within the lubricant sump and may measure a second temperature of the lubricant at a second position that is vertically higher than the first position. The control module is in communication with the first and second temperature sensors. The control module may determine a first difference between the first temperature and the second temperature. The control module may determine whether a liquid level of the lubricant in the lubricant sump is below a predetermined level based on the first difference.

Abstract: Provided are methods for testing aerosol material compatibility of various samples to disinfectants, decontaminates, and other such materials that are used as aerosols. A test is performed in a controlled environment, such as an aerosol chamber, using a specific set of test parameters representative of actual use of tested materials, such as dispensing parameters and exposure parameters. During the test, a test surface of the sample is exposed to an aerosol mist. Other surfaces may be protected. After exposure to the aerosol mist, the sample may be allowed to sit for a period of time. The sample is later cleaned and tested to determine effects of various materials in the mist on the sample. In some embodiments, some or all operations may be repeated for the same sample or different samples. The test parameters may be varied to determine compatibility limits.

Abstract: A fuel-level detection system is configured to determine a fuel level in a fuel system. A comparative fuel probe is associated with the fuel system and includes a capacitive probe assembly configured to provide a comparative capacitive reading, and a float assembly configured to provide a comparative float reading. A comparator is configured to receive the comparative capacitive reading and to receive the comparative float reading, and to determine a corrective factor based at least in part on the comparative capacitive reading and the comparative float reading. A set of capacitive probes is associated with the fuel system. The fuel level in the fuel system is determined by comparing each local capacitive reading from each capacitive probe in the set of capacitive probes with the corrective factor.

Abstract: A system and method for chemical analysis are described herein. The system includes a probe, a sample collection cartridge, and a chemical analyzer. The probe is configured to collect the optimal amount of sample for a future analysis and to store this chemical sample in the sample collection cartridge. The probe also collects sample data. The chemical analyzer is configured to determine the optimal analysis settings based on the sample data and analyze the chemical sample stored in the sample collection cartridge based on the optimal analysis settings.

Abstract: An airplane fuel level optical sensor using one side-emitting plastic optical fiber (SPOF) and two fluorescent plastic optical fibers (FPOFs) to detect the airplane fuel level without using any electrically conductive component or element placed inside the fuel tank. This dual-FPOF sensor is capable of achieving high resolution and high accuracy with a one-time calibration in the actual airplane's fuel tank environment. One embodiment of the dual-FPOF sensor uses one SPOF and two FPOFs to detect fuel level change based on the optical signal output from the two FPOFs. The sensor design uses large-diameter (core and cladding), lightweight, low-cost and high-durability plastic optical fiber, which is very desirable for airplane installation.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a device for measuring tracks having a track-driveable track-measuring car with a lifting and lining device and track-position measurement sensors measuring the height, direction and superelevation of the rails of the track using the machine frame as a reference zero line. A lifting and lowering device is associated with the track-measuring car. A calibration device is associated with the machine frame the track-measuring car, for calibrating the sensors, is first lowered from a parking position, in which the track-measuring car is lifted from the track, onto the track or into an intermediate position. Calibration stops are moved by an actuator from an idle position into a calibration position, against which the track-measuring car is subsequently raised and applied. The values of the track-position measurement sensors are read out and stored in the measurement system as calibration values, and the track-measuring car is lowered onto the track.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring endogenous CO concentration in exhaled alveolar air, comprises: proposing a method for injecting samples in small amounts, multiple times, intermittently, and establishing a CO concentration relationship between sample gas and gas in a measuring chamber; establishing a “concentration difference/electrical level difference” difference value fitting method, to obtain a fitted standard curve for a difference value between the sample gas and base gas; establishing an apparatus for measuring a CO concentration difference and a CO2 concentration difference between sample gas and base gas; proposing a method for compensating a measurement value for endogenous CO in exhaled alveolar air. The problem that the amount of sample gas in a breath test is small, and cannot completely replace the gas originally inside the measuring chamber, is solved. The effect of electrical level zero drift and residual CO of unknown concentration in cleaning gas is eliminated.