Abstract: A system that facilitates tracking of computer files that have been received from on-line information services, such as CompuServe. Tracking is accomplished by adding a "handling list" to each file as an obscure part of its archive structure. The actual format and location of this list may vary, depending on whether the file is a picture, program system, or other type of file. Extraction and archive utilities maintain and update the list.

Abstract: The pseudorandom process iteratively applies a selected CRC encryption process on the information to be encrypted. The encryption process is selected by testing one of the digits comprising the number to be encrypted. A first encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 1; a second encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 0. The process is repeated a plurality of times, e.g. once for each digit in the number to be encrypted, resulting in a highly encrypted value that is not easily reverse engineered by chosen or known plaintext attack.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing lateral guidance through a plurality of waypoints utilizing curved path transitions. When the curved path transitions overlap due to a short leg there is a discontinuity in the desired path of the aircraft, causing the aircraft to experience excessive and oscillatory bank angles to maneuver through the turn. The invention adjusts the transition parameters so that there are no discontinuities in the flight path by computing a new turn radius, turn center, or turn center coordinates, in accordance with the course through the waypoints. The invention determines which flight plan legs are short and calculates the parameters so that the path will not violate air space boundaries and bank angles will be minimized. A circular path is generated tangential to course changes in the same or opposite direction, irrespective of the value of the flight plan leg length.

Abstract: ELT transformation circuits 101.sub.1 to 101.sub.m are preliminarily supplied with ELT transformation parameters a.sub.i, b.sub.i, and p.sub.i (i=1, 2, . . . , m). When a plaintext of n bits long is supplied to the ELT transformation circuit 101.sub.1 via an input terminal 104, the ELT transformation circuit 101.sub.1 carries out ELT transformation on the plaintext by the use of ELT transformation parameters a.sub.1, b.sub.1, and p.sub.1 supplied from an input terminal 105.sub.1. An enciphering circuit 102.sub.1 enciphers an n/2-bit input with reference to a cryptographic key K.sub.1 from an input terminal 106.sub.1. Supplied with two n-bit inputs, an exclusive-OR circuit 103.sub.1 carries out an exclusive-OR operation between every corresponding bits of the same order. Subsequently, similar operation as mentioned above is repeated. The ELT transformation circuit 101.sub.m at a final stage delivers a ciphertext to an output terminal 107.

Abstract: A system, which uses inertial measurement units, is shown for determining the position and orientation of a towed array of sensors used for target detection. The system uses an onboard master inertial navigation system and a relative position determination mechanism to generate a first estimated position for each inertial measurement unit within the array. Each inertial measurement unit measures force and angular change information used by an onboard computer to create a second estimated position by known methods for each inertial sensor. An error signal represented by the difference between the two estimated positions for each inertial unit is processed over time by a Kalman filter to reduce the error in the heading and attitude determined for each inertial unit to establish an accurate location for each inertial unit and, thus, the towed array of such units.

Abstract: A system for assuring the location integrity of a decryption chip used to receive and decrypt encrypted signals ES received from an encrypted signal source. The decryption chip operates in association with a licensed signal receiver and is licensed for use at a selected site or location L.sub.i and is positioned adjacent to a Satellite Positioning System (SATPS) antenna and receiver/processor that determine the present location L of this antenna. If the SATPS-determined location L is within a region R(L.sub.i ;d.sub.i), centered at the location L.sub.i and having a selected diameter d.sub.i, and if the signal ES is associated with a channel that is authorized for reception by this signal receiver, the deception chip is enabled, and the signal ES is decrypted for audible or visual display on the signal receiver. Otherwise, the decryption chip does not decrypt the incoming signal ES. The licensed site location L.sub.

Abstract: In a code division multiple access (CDMA) spread spectrum cellular communication system in which a mobile station user communicates with another system user via at least one base station, wherein each base station transmits a common pilot signal of a different code phase with respect to other base stations in said system, a method for directing communications between said mobile station user and said base stations. The mobile station monitors the signal strength of pilots and reports the measured signal strength to a system controller via the base station through which it is communicating. Command messages from the system controller to a new base station and the mobiles station establishes communication through the new base station in addition to the communication through the current base station.

Abstract: A player for concealing a picture or releasing picture concealment using a secret code provided by a user while recording and/or reproducing of a video signal with respect to a recording medium includes a secret code signal for generating either a first code signal used for picture concealment during a recording mode of operation or a second code signal for picture concealment release during reproducing mode of operation, a secret code signal output unit for providing the first secret code signal at a moment determined with respect to a predetermined portion of an input video signal, a picture concealing generator for inserting the first secret code signal into a vertical blanking section of the input video signal while eliminating the horizontal sync signals of a corresponding field to thereby generate and record a video signal on the recording medium.

Abstract: A system for licensing to use software products which are encrypted and packed in a single storage medium, whereby the encrypted software products can be sold on a piece-by-piece basis and it is possible to perform accounting operations and collection of sales records with accuracy in a stepwise manner for each shop related thereto. A plurality of software products are encrypted and stored in a product-medium and delivered to an end-user. At the same time, sales-medium creating means creates a sales-medium which contains product information and shop information and distributes it to wholesalers and then to retailers. Upon reception of an order and its payment from the end-user, key generating means extracts keys from the sales-medium and provides the end-user with the keys or complex keys derived therefrom, thereby allowing the end-user to decrypt the software products and make them executable.

Abstract: A public key escrow system is adapted to have a proof of knowledge protocol for a certificate. The certificate is signed with RSA and is proved using a protocol based on the Guillou-Quisquater proof of knowledge scheme, or other proof of knowledge protocol. Interactive and non-interactive protocols are disclosed.

Abstract: A device for and method of transmitting an encrypted message and an access field from a sender to a receiver, where a third party may intercept and process the transmission. The sender and receiver agree on a session key. The sender raises an element of a Galois Field to the session key; forms a temporary device unique key; encrypts the session key with the temporary device unique key; forms a temporary family key; encrypts an identifier of the sender and the encrypted session key using the temporary family key; encrypts a plaintext message using the session key; forms the access field by concatenating the element of a Galois Field raised to the session key to the encrypted version of the sender's identifier and the sender's encrypted session key; concatenates the ciphertext to the access field; and transmits the access field and the ciphertext to the receiver. The receiver may recover the plaintext from the sender's transmission.

Abstract: An internal state machine controller in an integrated circuit containing a cryptographic implementation independently tests and verifies each of the encryption and decryption algorithms and modes within the implementation with minimal processor intervention. The cryptographic implementation automatically generates all input data and exercises all feedback modes independent of the core processor. Eliminating external test vectors results in a device less expensive to manufacture and verify. Since the cryptographic implementation tests are performed independent of the processor, other parts of the integrated circuit may be tested simultaneously with the testing of the cryptographic implementation. The processor loads in a single set of predetermined test vectors and then signals the state machine to start the testing of all the algorithms contained in the module. The output of each algorithm is used as the input of the next algorithm.

Abstract: An electronic key validation process increases security by encrypting the security access codes. A key (10) receives data having a hidden polynomial select code and polynomial seed from a host (12). A locally stored (24, 26) select offset and seed offset in the key identifies the location (22) of the select code and seed in the data. The select code decodes (32) into polynomial coefficients which are used to configure a polynomial generator (34). The seed is loaded into the polynomial generator as a starting point of the polynomial. The polynomial generator is clocked a number of cycles to calculate a remainder. The select code is modified (28) to select a new polynomial, and the polynomial generator is clocked another number of cycles. The host runs a similar encryption algorithm. The remainder is sent to the host where it is compared with the host generated remainder for key validation.

Abstract: Data recorded on a magnetic medium may be securely identified and manipulated for use in credit balance applications by determining a magnetic fingerprint benchmark on the medium as well as a distance between this benchmark and any pre-selected magnetic feature such as a magnetic transition of a data bit of the data set. Verification of the data may be achieved by measuring this distance and comparing it with the distance recorded at the time that the data was originally placed on the medium. As there is a detectable difference in accuracy between reading this distance as contrasted with illegitimate attempts to write false data at a pre-selected distance from the benchmark, attempts at forgery are detectable.

Abstract: A wireless network is disclosed that comprises base transmitter/receiver stations coupled to a trunk communications network and several mobile computing devices that are capable of transmitting and receiving messages. Messages to be transmitted will be encrypted and digitally signed to insure privacy and authentication of the messages. Each mobile computing device that participates in the wireless network is capable of voluntarily allocating some amount of memory for cooperative messaging storage. Each mobile computing device is responsible for receiving messages addressed to other devices, storing the received messages in the allocated memory and then periodically retransmitting the received messages. Each message includes a unique serial number and time/date stamp. The message serial numbers are used to prevent duplicate messages being stored in the allocated memory.

Abstract: Moving-picture data in a frame is encoded without depending on another frame of moving-picture data, and moving-picture data in a frame is encoded depending on another frame of moving-picture data. Whether each frame of moving-picture data is a frame which was encoded without depending on another frame of moving-picture data or which was encoded depending on another frame of moving-picture data is determined. The frame of moving-picture data was thus determined as having been encoded without depending on another frame of moving-picture data. The enciphered moving-picture data includes the frame of moving-picture data and the frame of moving-picture data which was determined as being the frame which was encoded depending on another frame of moving-picture data.

Abstract: A scrambled transmission system for transmitting a digital data containing variable length coding conforming to a MPEG standard includes a scramble key generator for generating a scramble key at a timing of each GOP head. A GOP head detector detects each GOP head and causes the scramble key generator to refresh the scramble key. A seed generator generates a scramble seed based on said scramble key at a timing of each slice head. A slice head detector detects each slice head and causes the seed generator to refresh the scramble seed. A random number generator scrambles the digital data based on the scramble seed. A multiplexer embeds the scramble key in the extension.sub.-- and.sub.-- user.sub.-- data of the scrambled data.

Abstract: The pseudorandom process iteratively applies a selected CRC encryption process on the information to be encrypted. The encryption process is selected by testing one of the digits comprising the number to be encrypted. A first encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 1; a second encryption process is used if the tested digit is a 0. The process is repeated a plurality of times, e.g. once for each digit in the number to be encrypted, resulting in a highly encrypted value that is not easily reverse engineered by chosen or known plaintext attack.

Abstract: Binary data is encrypted or decrypted using a final key. The final key is formed by manipulating one or more user keys, a base key and a block of data, and combining the manipulated keys and data using an exclusive-OR operation. The data to be encrypted or decrypted are combined with the final key using a circular exclusive-OR operation. A new final key is formed for each block of data. The user and base keys are binary sequences having any number of bits. The user key may be input to the present invention directly in binary form or in any other suitable form that the present invention can interpret as a binary sequence, such as a string of ASCII-encoded alphanumeric characters. Manipulating the user key includes the steps of shuffling or permuting segments of the user key, such as bytes, circularly shifting the permuted user key by a number of bit positions, and filling a location with one or more copies of the permuted and shifted key such that the result has a length equal to that of the base key.

Abstract: Process for the transmission and reception of conditional access programs controlled by the same operator.According to the invention, specific check words (MCSi) are formed for various programs of the same operator from a root check word individual to said operator. The check words of the access titles include a part which is common to all the programs controlled by the same operator and a part which is specific to each program.Uses in television, radio, data transmission, messaging, etc.