Abstract: The invention provides a novel, non-destructive and dynamic process for determining the cell cycle position of living cells. The invention also provides DNA constructs, and cell lines containing such constructs, that exhibit activation and deactivation of a detectable reporter molecule in a cell cycle specific manner. The invention thus allows greater precision in determining cell cycle phase status than existing techniques and further provides a method for continuous monitoring of cell cycle progression in individual cells.

Abstract: Specific oxygen uptake (OUR) is used as a process control parameter in fermentation processes. OUR is determined during at least the production phase of a fermentation process, and process parameters are adjusted to maintain the OUR within desired ranges. The invention is particularly applicable when the fermentation is conducted using a microorganism having a natural PDC pathway that has been disrupted so that it no longer functions. Microorganisms of this sort often produce poorly under strictly anaerobic conditions. Microaeration controlled by monitoring OUR allows the performance of the microorganism to be optimized.

Abstract: Methods for improving the production of a secondary metabolite by a fungus by increasing the yield or productivity of the secondary metabolite produced by the fungus are described. The methods include increasing the expression of LYS14, for example, by transforming a cell with a nucleic acid molecule encoding LYS14.

Abstract: Disclosed are xylose-fermenting recombinant yeast strains comprising heterologous PsXYL1, Ps XYL2, and PsXYL3, as well as methods of fermenting xylose to obtain ethanol using the recombinant yeast strain.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an improved method of purifying virus, particularly reovirus. Infectious virus can be extracted from a cell culture with a detergent to produce high titers of virus, and the virus can then be purified by simple steps such as filtration and column chromatography. Viruses and compositions comprising the viruses prepared according to the present invention are also provided.

Abstract: A baculovirus that infects a host cell without lyzing the host cell and related protein expression method. Within the scope of this invention are in vitro and in vivo methods for detecting protein folding or a cell lysis activity of a sample. Also within the scope of this invention is a method of screening for a compound for treating a disease associated with misfolding of a protein.

Abstract: Methods for enhancing expression levels and secretion of heterologous fusion proteins in a host cell are disclosed.

Abstract: Libraries of modified AAV cap genes are generated by synthesizing modified cap genes using degenerate oligonucleotides. Combinatorial libraries of virions composed of modified (e.g., chimeric), replication-competent AAV vectors and modified Cap proteins are also produced. Helper vectors are described that encode AAV Rep protein, modified Cap proteins, and Ad proteins. The helper vectors are used to produce stocks of virions composed of modified (e.g., chimeric) capsids and rAAV vectors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ?12 fatty acid desaturase able to catalyze the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid (LA; 18:2). Nucleic acid sequences encoding the desaturase, nucleic acid sequences that hybridize thereto, DNA constructs comprising the desaturase gene, and recombinant host microorganisms expressing increased levels of the desaturase are described. Methods of increasing production of specific ?-3 and/or ?-6 fatty acids are described by overexpression of the ?12 fatty acid desaturase or by disruption of the native gene.

Abstract: A microorganism is provided which can metabolize a carbon source at a specific pH in a liquid medium containing L-glutamic acid at a saturation concentration and the carbon source, and which has ability to accumulate L-glutamic acid in an amount exceeding the amount corresponding to the saturation concentration in the liquid medium at the pH. Also provided is a method for producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, which comprises culturing the microorganism in a liquid medium of which pH is adjusted to a pH at which L-glutamic acid is precipitated, to produce and accumulate L-glutamic acid and precipitate L-glutamic acid in the medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to assembled particles of a plant virus containing a predetermined foreign peptide as part of the coat protein of the virus, and a method for their production. The foreign peptide is preferably a biologically functional peptide, the biological application of which requires or is enhanced by presentation of the peptide in association with a larger molecule or particle.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a fluorescent protein chosen in particular from autofluorescent proteins, for the detection of the non-covalent interactions between a target protein labeled with the fluorescent protein and one of its ligands labeled with a label consisting: either of a molecule which is capable of absorbing the light emitted by the fluorescent protein, or of a fluorescent substance, this detection taking place by fluorescence energy transfer: between the fluorescent protein and the above-mentioned fluorescent substance, the fluorescent substance being such that either it is excitable at the emission wavelength of the fluorescent protein, or it emits at the excitation wavelength of the fluorescent protein, or between the fluorescent protein and the above-mentioned molecule which is capable of absorbing the light emitted by the fluorescent protein.

Abstract: The regulatory sequences (i.e., promoter regions, introns and enhancers) associated with the Yarrowia lipolytica gene encoding fructose bis-phospate aldolase (FBA1) have been found to be particularly effective for the expression of heterologus genes in oleaginous yeast. The promoter regions of the invention have been shown to drive high-level expression of genes involved in the production of ?-3 and ?-6 fatty acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides HIV-derived lentivectors which are safe, highly efficient, and very potent for expressing transgenes for human gene therapy, especially, in human hematopoietic progenitor cells as well as in all other blood cell derivatives. The lentiviral vectors comprise promoters active to promote expression specific to cell types or tissues. Further, promoters are providing that are amenable to control by activators, enhancers, or repressors. These vectors are in a self-inactivating configuration for biosaftey. Additional promoters are also described. The vectors can also comprise additional transcription enhancing elements such as the wood chuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional regulatory element, without any decrease in the specificity or control exerted by the promoters.

Abstract: Methods for producing modified polypeptides containing amino acid analogues are disclosed, as well as compositions comprising purified dihydrofolate reductase polypeptides, produced by the methods of the invention. In certain aspects, methionine residues of the compositions are replaced with homoallyglycine, homoproparglycine, norvaline, norleucine, cis-crotyiglycine, trans-crotylglycine, 2-aminoheptanoic acid, 2-butynyiglycine and allyglycine.

Abstract: The invention provides variant regulator proteins of secondary metabolite production and nucleic acids encoding said variant regulator proteins. In particular, the invention provides variant regulator molecules of the lovE protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and products for the evaluation of HIV treatment. The methods are based on evaluating molecular events at the HIV integrase resulting in altered therapeutic efficacy of the investigated compounds. The methods rely on providing an integrase gene and evaluating either through genotyping or phenotyping the integrase gene. The present invention relates to the fields of diagnostics, drug screening, pharmacogenetics and drug development.

Abstract: A method for generating a Drosophila clipped FRT (cFRT) chromosome is provided, wherein the chromosome is insensitive to a P transposase but remains functional to a yeast site-specific flippase recombinase (FLP). The method includes steps of: (a) exposing a FRT chromosome to the P transposase for occurring a local and imprecise transposition, wherein the FRT chromosome contains a P[FRT] insertion with a selection marker gene, (b) screening the P[FRT] insertion insensitive to the P transposase to obtain screened products, (c) selecting candidate products from the screened products by further examinations, and (d) exposing the candidate products by the P transposase and selecting a desired product by the further examinations to obtain the Drosophila clipped FRT (cFRT) chromosome insensitive to the P transposase but remaining functional to the yeast site-specific flippase recombinase. The cFRT2L2R chromosome can be used as the direct target in the direct P-transposon-induced mutagenesis.

Abstract: A cell co-culture tool includes a body, an outer wall surrounding the body, and more than one vessel within the perimeter of the outer wall. Each vessel has a top edge below a rim of the outer wall. A method of interacting a substance with more than one type of cell material in a culture dish having a plurality of wells includes depositing a different type of the cell material in separate wells of the culture dish, interconnecting the wells with a fluid medium, and adding the substance to the fluid medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel rapidly growing microorganisms and methods for their use in cloning or subcloning nucleic acid molecules. The rapid growing microorganisms of the present invention form colonies more rapidly than microorganisms typically used in molecular biology and thus provide a significant improvement in in vitro cloning methods used extensively in molecular biology. The invention also relates to kits and compositions used in the methods of the invention.