Abstract: A mirror structure which is provided on a polished metallic surface characterized by an adhesive layer disposed directly on the surface, an amorphous intermediate layer disposed on the adhesive layer, a reflective layer disposed on the amorphous intermediate layer and a protective layer covering the reflective layer. The mirror structure is particularly useful for a highly adhesive and corrosion-proof laser mirror which has good reflection properties and is used in a laser flatbed scanner.

Abstract: A method of operating a homeotropically aligned smectic liquid crystal cell in which the cell is turned from a clear to a scattering state by illumination with an intense flash of light after which a focused laser beam is scanned across the layer to leave clear tracks where homeotropic alignment has been restored thereby producing a display providing, in projection, bright lines on a dark background.

Abstract: A composite mirror and a method for making the mirror. The mirror has an aluminum reflective surface and coatings of aluminum oxide, chromium and gold deposited thereon, thus making the mirror highly reflective yet corrosion resistant. The method of making the mirror includes the steps of polishing the aluminum surface and depositing the coatings in sequence.

Abstract: A remote-controlled rear-view mirror assembly having a mirror is movably supported in a housing and can be adjusted by an electric motor from a remote point. An electric motor is mounted in the mirror housing and has an electrically reversible direction of rotation and a stepdown gearing. There is a drive shaft having approximately at its center a driven coaxial cylinder of enlarged diameter with respect to the diameter of the drive shaft and a central annular shoulder dividing the coaxial cylinder into two substantially equal sections. A slipping clutch connects the motor with the drive shaft. Two eccentrics are rotatably mounted on the drive shaft on opposite sides respectively of the equal sections of the coaxial cylinder, each of these eccentrics comprises a cylindrical section and an eccentric disc. There are two wrap springs each of these wrap springs being wound in the same direction partly on one of the two equal sections and partly on one of the two cylindrical section of the eccentrics respectively.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates being provided in parallel to each other at a given distance and each having a Nesa film on the counterposed surface, at least one of the substrates being transparent, and a liquid crystal being filled between the substrates, the counterposed surfaces of the substrates each being coated with polymer of organosilicone compound having groups reacting with the substrates to a thickness of 300-1,500 .ANG. as an alignment film. The device has thick alignment films and good electrooptical characteristics.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a first substrate provided with a thin film transistor array as a driving switching element and a second substrate provided with another electrode, and produces a display by electro-optical change generated between these substrates. Visibility of the display is improved in such a way that rays of light incident on the display apparatus are converted into diffusion light. Photoconductive material, in particular amorphous silicon, can be used by covering semiconductive portions of the thin film transistor array of the display apparatus with an intercepting member. In a display apparatus using a thin film transistor array as a driving switching element, a conductive surface electrically insulated from gate lines on a substrate on where the gate lines for the thin film transistor array are formed, such conductive surface acts as a counter electrode of capacitors for storing charge.

Abstract: A sealing material particularly suitable for producing liquid crystal display panels of which the base plates are made of flexible polymer film, which sealing material comprises a reaction-setting type polymer containing siloxane bonds in the molecules, which polymer is represented by the following general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a lower alkyl group, and X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, X.sup.4, X.sup.5, X.sup.6 and X.sup.7 independently represent radicals selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, acetoxy, alkoxy, hydrogen, vinyl, epoxy, amino, glycol, phenyl, fluorinated alkyl and lower alkyl, and at least one of X.sup.1 through X.sup.7 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, acetoxy, alkoxy, hydrogen, vinyl, epoxy, amino and glycol, and n represents an integer of 5 to 10000.

Abstract: A common transfer contact is provided with such an electro-optical display cell as a liquid crystal display cell or an electrochromic display cell for electrically connecting an electrode disposed on a substrate to a terminal arranged on another substrate. The common transfer contact is encircled by a seal material. The seal material is so arranged on the substrate as to occupy a larger area at the portion where the common transfer contact is provided than the remaining portion. Further the seal material can have a desired number of notches where the seal material is removed to ensure ready placement of the common transfer contact. At least, the common transfer contact is pre-heated before forced toward the seal material so that organic solvent contained with the material of the common transfer contact be in part eliminated. The pre-heating process is carried out at a temperature of 60.degree.-70.degree. C. for a period of 10-20 minutes.

Abstract: This invention provides a unitary oil coupled optical arrangement for color selective prepolarization of the light incident upon two light valves. The optical arrangement is immersed within a single tank. It includes dichroic filters which act on polarized light from a light source which has been polarized into two beams by passing through and being reflected from a prepolarizing optical thin film stack. The first dichroic filter provides light of a first color and a first polarization while the second dichroic filter provides light of a second color and a second polarization. The light from each of the filters is then combined into a single beam by a thin film polarization-selective beam combiner prior to being applied to the main polarizing prism. The main prism then passes light of a first polarization and a first color to a first light valve and light of the second polarization and a second color to the second light valve in a conventional manner.

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed which incorporates a color selective prepolarizer to improve contrast and reduce stress induced birefringence while allowing a blue mirror to be used to enhance the projected image. The invention includes a source lamp for providing a first beam of unpolarized white light energy; a prepolarizing beam splitter which extracts from the first beam, second and third beams. The second beam contains undesirable color components of a first polarization state, which are removed from the system by reflection to an optical dump. The third beam includes prepolarized light of one color and the first polarization and white light of the second polarization. A main polarizing prism is provided for splitting the third beam into fourth and fifth beams having the first and second polarizing states respectively. The main prism effectively directs the white light to the light valve where it is modulated and returned to the main prism for projection in the conventional manner.

Abstract: A power-adjusted exterior rear-view mirror for large or long vehicles, having a motor and a remote control switch which permits the driver of the vehicle to adjust the mirror while seated in the driver's seat. The mirror can be mounted on the vehicle using existing attachment brackets and can be wired into the existing electrical system of the vehicle. Upon activation of the switch, the mirror rotates from side to side a short distance in a slow and continuous motion until proper adjustment is reached and the switch is turned off. A spring located inside the mirror assembly provides tension to hold the mirror in its adjusted position, and to permit the mirror to give way to a force applied rearwardly on its outside edge and to turn toward the vehicle, then to return the mirror to its original position when the force is removed.

Abstract: The invention relates to matrix access display devices using a mixed thermal and electric effect and provides a display device with mixed thermal-electric drive using a smectic liquid crystal deprived of a nematic phase by addition of appropriate dopes.

Abstract: A first color selective beam splitter is provided for splitting light from a source into first and second beams, the first beam being blue and the second beam having red and green color components.A second beam splitter is provided for directing light of the first beam to a blue liquid crystal light valve. The light valve modulates the polarization of the light in the first beam and returns it to the second beam splitter which converts the modulations of polarization to modulations of intensity in the conventional manner and reflects it to a first projection lens.A third beam splitter is provided for splitting the second beam into third and fourth beams having first and second polarization states, respectively. The third beam is reflected to a red filter. The fourth beam is transmitted through a green filter.The output of each filter is a substantially monochromatic beam of a single polarization state. The filter outputs are recombined into a single beam which illuminates a fourth beam splitter.

Abstract: An optical display cell of the liquid crystal type has two parallel substrates separated from each other by means of ball-shaped monodisperse particles, which are distributed homogeneously and separately across the entire area of the substrate. The dimension of an intermediate layer of liquid crystals between the substrates is, therefore, determined by the diameter of the particles. The particles are distributed across the substrate in a room, which is shielded against dust and foreign particles, by means of pressurized gas, which creates turbulence in the room. The ball-shaped particles are distributed homogeneously across the entire area of the substrate.

Abstract: A multi-layer liquid crystal panel for a liquid crystal display device having stacked light transmitting substrates of different sizes is disclosed. A retainer is disposed at a position directly beneath a sealing member which seals a first substrate and a second substrate, between the second substrate and a third substrate. The retainer is applied to the substrates simultaneously with the application of the sealing member. The first, second and third substrates are stacked one on the other and pressed to form a multi-layer panel. By virtue of the retainer, the gaps between the respective substrates are maintained uniform over the display area.

Abstract: An electro-optic device comprises a seal spacer provided at the outer peripheral portion of a pair of facing electrode plates and an electro-optic substance arranged within said seal spacer, at least one of said electrode plates being provided with an electrode at outside of said seal spacer, characterized in that the other electrode plate facing the electrode plate with said electrode has a surface facing said electrode outside said seal spacer, the surface being constituted of an insulating substance.

Abstract: An electrode segment structure comprises at least two adjacent segments and one or more short-circuiting strips formed to provide a short-circuiting path between the two adjacent segments. The overall segments have a minus-in-square numeric configuration, for example. The electrode segment structure is formed on a substrate which is adapted for use in a liquid crystal display cell. To complete the manufacture of the liquid crystal display cell, the substrate carrying the short-circuiting strips are cut together so that the respective segments can not be short-circuited.

Abstract: An electro-optic display device having at least two separate compartments for receipt of electro-sensitive material that is utilized in the formation or establishment of a display symbol as a result of an electrically imposed field. One compartment in the display contains the electrodes which form the various segments of the variable symbol to be displayed. The other compartment is the background area that will contrast visually with the segment portions that make up or establish the symbol to be displayed. The choice of material makes the background compartment optically equivalent to the portion of the symbol compartment that is not displaying a particular symbol. The electro-optic device preferably has a liquid crystal material with a dye to create a light absorption type of electro-optic display rather than a light modulation type of display. This invention allows dye displays that normally portray light characters on a dark background to be portrayed as dark characters on a light background.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an angle adjusting arrangement for mirror for use in a motor vehicle and the like, which is free from variations due to atmospheric temperatures, in the state of magnetic coupling between driving mechanisms and the mirror so as to achieve a predetermined coupled state for positive operations at all times, and is also capable of manual adjustments as desired, without a possibility of any damage to the arrangement.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a plurality of display sections each formed of a plurality of common electrodes and corresponding segment electrodes to display a character is disclosed. The device comprises a plurality of liquid crystal display elements piled in the direction perpendicular to the display surface of the device. Each of the liquid crystal display elements includes ones selected from the above-mentioned common electrodes and segment electrodes corresponding to the selected common electrodes to reduce the number of common electrodes included in each liquid crystal display element, thereby reducing the number of common electrode leads provided in each liquid crystal display element.