Abstract: A size reduction in an optical system that detects a fluorescent photon is achieved. A photon detection operation of a photon detection unit (21) is controlled on the basis of timing of an irradiation operation of an excitation light source (50), and after excitation light emitted to a microfluidic channel (10) is switched off, a fluorescent photon generated by a target flowing in the microfluidic channel (10) is detected.

Abstract: The X-ray imaging device (100) is provided with an X-ray source (1), a plurality of gratings, a moving mechanism (8), and an image processing unit (6). The image processing unit (6) is configured to generate a phase-contrast image (16) by associating a pixel value in each pixel of a subject (T) in a plurality of subject images (10) with phase values of a Moire fringe (30) at each pixel and aligning the pixel of the subject of the same position in the plurality of subject images.

Abstract: An apparatus (201) comprises a light emitter (202) and a photodetector (203) formed on a single fluid-permeable substrate (206) such that the photodetector (203) is able to detect light emitted by the light emitter (202) after interaction of the light with a user of the apparatus (201). The photodetector comprises a channel member (207) which may be made from graphene, respective source and drain electrodes (208, 209), a layer of photosensitive material (210) configured to vary the flow of electrical current through the channel member (207) on exposure to light from the light emitter (202), and a gate electrode (211).

Abstract: A data collection device includes a housing and a data collection unit located in the housing. A power unit is located in the housing and is operably connected to the data unit to provide power for operation of the data unit. An irradiation sensor is located at the data collection device to detect exposure of the data collection device to irradiation. An irradiation sensor includes a thermal energy absorbing material and a thermal energy sensitive material in thermal communication with the thermal energy absorbing material. The thermal energy sensitive material is characterized by a change in color when exposed to a selected degree of thermal energy due to irradiation.

Abstract: An X-ray CT system includes an X-ray tube, an X-ray detector and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to cyclically change energy of the X-rays during one rotation of the X-ray tube around a subject. The processing circuitry is configured to perform a process including a correcting process addressing a difference in a transmission amount between X-rays having first energy and X-rays having second energy, on at least one selected from between: a plurality of first projection data sets acquired when the X-rays having the first energy were radiated; and a plurality of second projection data sets acquired when the X-rays having the second energy were radiated. The processing circuitry is configured to reconstruct an image on the basis of a combined data set generated on the basis of a plurality of projection data sets including the projection data sets resulting from the process.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnostic apparatus according to an embodiment includes an X-ray tube, an X-ray detector, and processing circuitry. The X-ray tube exposes X-rays. The X-ray detector detects the X-rays exposed from the X-ray tube. The processing circuitry generates an X-ray image on the basis of a first detection result that is a detection result of the X-rays exposed for an irradiation period. The processing circuitry corrects the X-ray image on the basis of a second detection result that is a detection result of the X-rays until a point before the end of the irradiation period.

Abstract: A gas measurement system as disclosed can include a coherent light source, which emits a light beam; a detector; a beam path formed between the light source) and the detector; and a gas cell arranged in the beam path such that the detector receives light transmitted through the gas cell. The gas cell can include a porous ceramic and have an optical path length which is a multiple of the actual layer thickness of the gas cell. A optical element can be arranged in the beam path between the light source and the gas cell with the light beam emitted by the light being widened and unfocussed as the light beam enters the gas cell.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for fluorescence imaging using radiofrequency multiplexed excitation. One apparatus splits an excitation laser beam into two arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The light in the first beam is frequency shifted by an acousto-optic deflector, which is driven by a phase-engineered radiofrequency comb designed to minimize peak-to-average power ratio. This RF comb generates multiple deflected optical beams possessing a range of output angles and frequency shifts. The second beam is shifted in frequency using an acousto-optic frequency shifter. After combining at a second beam splitter, the two beams are focused to a line on the sample using a conventional laser scanning microscope lens system. The acousto-optic deflectors frequency-encode the simultaneous excitation of an entire row of pixels, which enables detection and de-multiplexing of fluorescence images using a single photomultiplier tube and digital phase-coherent signal recovery techniques.

Abstract: A multichip package may include at least a package substrate, a main die mounted on the package substrate, a transceiver die mounted on the package substrate, and an optical engine die mounted on the package substrate. The main die may communicate with the transceiver die via a first high-bandwidth interconnect bridge embedded in the package substrate. The transceiver die may communicate with the optical engine die via a second high-bandwidth interconnect bridge embedded in the package substrate. The transceiver die has physical-layer circuits that directly drive the optical engine. An optical cable can be connected directly to the optical engine of the multichip package.

Abstract: An image reconstruction method includes capturing a reference image of the specimen and capturing a set of original images based on the reference image. The method includes generating a set of analyzed images based on the set of original images by determining an intensity distribution for each pixel of each original image of the set of original images and combining the intensity distribution at each pixel location across the set of original images into an intermediate image. The method includes, identifying an object in the intermediate image. In response to identifying the object in the intermediate image, determining an intensity value of the object in each original image of the set of original images and generating an improved image of the object based on the determined intensity value of the object. The method includes generating a final image including the improved image of the object and displaying the final image.

Abstract: A subwavelength gold hole/disk array that when coupled with a ground plane induces extraordinary transmission through the hole/disk array and zero back reflection. The hole/disk array functions as a “light funnel” in couling incident radiation into the cavity with about 100% efficiency over a narrow resonant bandwidth, which results in frequency-selective perfect (˜100%) absorption of the incident radiation. Such an optical frequency-selective absorber enables flexible scaling of detector response to any wavelength range by pattern dimensional changes, enabling uncooled frequency selective detection and “color” imaging in the infrared domain. Methods and applications are disclosed.

Abstract: A detection device includes a light emitting element, an accommodation frame, a light detector, and a movable light splitter. The light emitting element provides an excitation beam. The accommodation frame accommodates an object under test, and a portion of the excitation beam whose dominant light emitting wavelength falls within a first waveband range forms a fluorescent beam after passing through the object under test. The light detector receives a portion of the fluorescent beam whose dominant light emitting wavelength falls within a second waveband range. The movable light splitter forms a plurality of sub-beams from an incident beam. The sub-beams have respectively different dominant light emitting wavelengths and exits at different emitting angles. The incident beam is at least one of the excitation beam and the fluorescent beam.

Abstract: Method and system for determining sealing integrity and/or contamination of the sealing region by the filling material of a heat-sealed container, including imaging at least a part of a sealing region of the container using an imaging camera; wherein the imaging is performed during movement and/or transport of the container at a predetermined speed; and wherein the imaging is performed while moving the field of view of the camera in a same direction as the container, wherein the moving of the field of view is configured to reduce the velocity of the container relative to the imaging camera sufficiently to reduce smearing of images obtained.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorescence reader that uses two excitation channels and can read up to seven different fluorescent dyes in a single run. Each excitation channel has one light source and one single excitation filter and one dichroic mirror. One excitation channel is capable of exciting multiple fluorescent dyes and can be used to distinguish multiple dyes in combination with multiple emission filters. The excitation channels are driven by a motor that can automatically switch the two excitation channels for taking images of up to seven different fluorescent dyes. An algorithm to calibrate the crosstalk between different fluorescent dyes is also provided. Also provided is a method for analyzing digital PCR data using a ratio of two fluorescence emission readings.

Abstract: An analyzer of a component in a sample fluid includes an optical source and an optical detector defining a beam path of a beam, wherein the optical source emits the beam and the optical detector measures the beam after partial absorption by the sample fluid, a fluid flow cell disposed on the beam path defining an interrogation region in the a fluid flow cell in which the optical beam interacts with the sample fluid and a reference fluid; and wherein the sample fluid and the reference fluid are in laminar flow, and a scanning system that scans the beam relative to the laminar flow within the fluid flow cell, wherein the scanning system scans the beam relative to both the sample fluid and the reference fluid.

Abstract: An X-ray CT apparatus according to the embodiment executes an imaging according to an imaging protocol including one or more image elements corresponding to an imaging type. The X-ray CT apparatus includes an X-ray source, an X-ray detector and processing circuitry. The X-ray source radiates an X-ray. The X-ray detector detects the X-ray. The processing circuitry merges, when first and second imaging protocols are set, first and second imaging elements, respectively included in the first and second imaging protocols, corresponding to same imaging type into a single third imaging element, thereby generating a third imaging protocol including the third imaging element.

Abstract: A danger detector, for example a flame detector, includes an alarm housing with an alarm cover. The housing part of the alarm cover is permeable to heat radiation in the central infrared range. A non-contact, optical heat radiation sensor which is sensitive to the incoming heat radiation and optically oriented to the housing part is arranged in the alarm housing. A processing unit for further processing a sensor signal emitted by the heat radiation sensor is mounted downstream of the heat radiation sensor. The processing unit is designed to monitor the signal emitted by the sensor with respect to significant fluctuations or flicker frequencies for open flames and to determine, based on a direct component of the signal emitted by the sensor, a temperature value for the ambient temperature in the surroundings of the danger detector. The heat radiation sensor may be a thermopile or a bolometer.

Abstract: An infrared (IR) imaging system for determining a concentration of a target species in an object is disclosed. The imaging system can include an optical system including a focal plane array (FPA) unit behind an optical window. The optical system can have components defining at least two optical channels thereof, said at least two optical channels being spatially and spectrally different from one another. Each of the at least two optical channels can be positioned to transfer IR radiation incident on the optical system towards the optical FPA. The system can include a processing unit containing a processor that can be configured to acquire multispectral optical data representing said target species from the IR radiation received at the optical FPA. One or more of the optical channels may be used in detecting objects on or near the optical window, to avoid false detections of said target species.

Abstract: A meter for measuring UV light having wavelengths, preferably between 205 nm and 237 nm. The meter includes at least one UV sensitive photo diode adapted for detecting the wavelengths of UV light between a lower end and an upper end; a first filter that blocks the UV light having wavelengths below 237 nm down to at least the lower end that the UV sensitive photo diode can detect; a second filter that blocks the UV light having wavelengths above 230 nm up to at least 205 nm; at least one amplifier for amplifying a signal from the UV sensitive photo diode; an analog to digital converter; a microprocessor; a battery in electrical communication with the microprocessor. The microprocessor preferably being in communication with the amplifier and the analog to digital converter. The microprocessor provides a result for the UV light that the UV sensitive photo diode is exposed to.

Abstract: A device for detecting a contaminant on a scaffolding pole. The device includes an outer detector for detecting a contaminant on an outer surface and an inner detector for detecting a contaminant on an inner surface. The device also includes a mechanism for transporting a scaffolding pole through the device, past the detectors. A contaminant is detected on the outer and inner surfaces of the scaffolding pole using the outer and inner detectors respectively.