Abstract: Disclosed is a system for observing the conformational change in a protein, which includes a sensing element which is configured to amplify an electromagnetic wave of a specific frequency; a light irradiation unit which is configured to irradiate a photoreceptor protein solution coated on the sensing element with light; an electromagnetic wave irradiation unit which allows an electromagnetic wave to be incident in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the sensing element; a detection unit which is configured to detect an electromagnetic wave reflected from the bottom surface of the sensing element; and a control unit which is configured to observe the conformational change in the photoreceptor protein based on the detected electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining concentration of a targeted gas in environmental air, the apparatus includes a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) sensor, a pressure sensor coupled in fluid communication with an interior of the NDIR sensor; and a processor. The processor is configured to receive pressure data from the pressure sensor based on gas pressure within an interior of the NDIR sensor, receive a target-gas concentration signal from the NDIR sensor, and produce a pressure-compensated concentration signal based on the target-gas concentration signal, a predetermined reference pressure and the pressure data from the pressure sensor.

Abstract: The invention provides systems for characterizing a biological sample by analyzing emission of fluorescent light from the biological sample upon excitation and methods for using the same. The system includes a laser source, collection fibers, a demultiplexer and an optical delay device. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety as though fully set forth. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific tens used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Abstract: An infrared detecting device includes: an infrared sensor that has one or more infrared detection elements arranged in one or more columns; and an IC chip that performs signal processing on a signal output from the infrared sensor. The infrared sensor and the IC chip are generally juxtaposed in a direction along a scan rotation axis of the infrared sensor.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring a radiation dose, and a method for checking a radiotherapy device is disclosed. The measuring device includes a water phantom, a mechanical device designed to move the water phantom, and a control device. The water phantom includes a detector device which is adapted to detect ionizing radiation, and the control device is designed to control the mechanical device in such a manner that it moves the water phantom according to a movement of a patient, which the patient makes during an irradiation with a radiotherapy device.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as a method and an article, may operate to receive photons at inner surfaces of an array of tubes forming a columnar structure, the tubes including a material with substantially high density, wherein longitudinal axes of the tubes are substantially parallel. Further activities include directing the photons within the columnar structure to a position-sensitive detector to measure the photons, wherein the position-sensitive detector is divided into an array of pixels, and wherein individual ones of the tubes in the array of tubes maintain a fixed mechanical arrangement with individual ones of the array of pixels, to provide collimation of the photons from a first end of the tubes to a second end of the tubes coupled to the position-sensitive detector. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are described.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes the design and fabrication of a Terahertz (THz) beam steering device and a multifunctional patternless flat lens using electro-optic tunable fishnet materials (TFMM) to create a portable THz imaging system. The THz beam steering device and multifunctional patternless flat lens utilize a tunable resonant frequency of TFMM (with a negative refraction index) to achieve a maximum beam steering angle (field of view) and beam modulation. The portable THz scanning system is made by combining the TFMM beam steering device with a pair of continuous wave (CW) photomixer modules powered by two tunable CW lasers with built-in optical isolators, a fiber-optic beam combination and a multifunctional flat lens.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for improving the sensitivity and energy response of neutron detectors and neutron dose rate meters. A beryllium layer is added to neutron detector moderators to improve the sensitivity of the detector. Energy dependence of the sensitivity is optimized by controlling the amount of beryllium in the moderator and by specifying the geometrical design parameters. The beryllium layer, in combination with additional material layers in the moderator, makes the detector response function correspond to the theoretical one in a wide range of energies. Response parameters of the neutron dose rate meter are within 20% of the theoretical response function in the neutron energy range from 500 keV to 10 GeV, and also in the energy range corresponding to thermal neutrons (about 1-100 meV).

Abstract: Various approaches are discussed for using four-side buttable CMOS tiles to fabricate detector panels, including large-area detector panels. Fabrication may utilize pads and interconnect structures formed on the top or bottom of the CMOS tiles. Electrical connection and readout may utilize readout and digitization circuitry provided on the CMOS tiles themselves such that readout of groups or sub-arrays of pixels occurs at the tile level, while tiles are then readout at the detector level such that readout operations are tiered or multi-level.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for monitoring the quantity of actinides present in a test sample are disclosed. Compositions and methods for monitoring the motion of special nuclear materials through space are also described. Compositions and methods for monitoring the quantity of a fissile special nuclear material present in a test sample are disclosed. Compositions and methods for monitoring actinides during reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel after 30-year cool down are disclosed. Compositions and methods for monitoring actinides during reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel after 180 day cool down are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods of using integrated computational elements to determine unknown interferents in a fluid being monitored. One method includes monitoring a fluid with an optical computing device comprising at least two integrated computational element (ICE) cores configured to optically interact with a fluid and detect a corresponding at least two characteristics of the fluid, each ICE core being designed and manufactured with reference to known spectra related to the at least two characteristics of the fluid, generating output signals corresponding to the at least two characteristics of the fluid with the optical computing device, wherein an intensity of each output signal corresponds to a concentration of the at least two characteristics of the fluid, and calculating a representative spectrum of the fluid with a signal processor based on the known spectra of the at least two characteristics and the intensity of each output signal.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for distinguishing radionuclides are disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: receiving energy generated in one or more radioactive elements; applying energy as a weight for each channel to spectrum of the received energy; and distinguishing the one or more radioactive elements on the basis of the spectrum of the spectrum to which the weight is applied. A radioactive element having an energy value corresponding to a peak value of the spectrum of the energy to which the weight is applied, as an energy value of a Compton edge, is distinguished as the one or more radioactive elements. According to the present invention, it is possible to more accurately monitor radiation even while using a plastic scintillator, and further to improve energy resolution of a plastic scintillator.

Abstract: A radiographic energy detecting pixel generates charges in a photosensor in response to photon impacts. A switch electrically connected to the photosensor selectively transmits collected charges to a data line. A sensing circuit electrically connected to the photosensor detects a rate of accumulation of the charges in the photosensor.

Abstract: There is provided a light receiver which corrects measurement of ultraviolet rays on the basis of measurement of visible right and infrared rays. The light receiver is a light receiver (1) including a first light-receiving element (PD1) and a second light-receiving element (PD2), and a UV cutoff filter (11) in which transmittance of light in an ultraviolet region is lower, in which light after passage through the UV cutoff filter (11) enters the first light-receiving element (PD1), and the first light-receiving element (PD1) and the second light-receiving element (PD2) are switchable between a photodiode (PD_uv) having sensitivity to the ultraviolet region and a photodiode (PD_clear) having sensitivity to a visible light region and an infrared region. Unevenness in incident light is calculated from photocurrents in photodiodes (PD_ir+PD_vis) of the first light-receiving element (PD1) and the second light-receiving element (PD2).

Abstract: An opto-mechanical apparatus including a hollow housing member having a first end and a second end, the housing member having a longitudinal axis, a parabolic mirror positioned on a side of to the first end of the housing member, and a mirror adjustment mechanism attached to the second end of the housing member, the mirror adjustment mechanism connected to the parabolic mirror through the housing member, the mirror adjustment mechanism configured to adjust an axial position of the parabolic mirror along the longitudinal axis and to adjust a radial position of the parabolic mirror about the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: An image sensor may include an array of imaging pixels and an array of color filter elements that covers the array of imaging pixels. The array of imaging pixels may include visible light pixels that are covered by visible light color filter elements and near-infrared light pixels that are covered by near-infrared light color filter elements. The imaging pixels may be arranged in a pattern having a repeating 2×2 unit cell of pixel groups. Each pixel group may include a visible light pixel sub-group and a near-infrared light pixel sub-group. Signals from each pixel group may be processed to determine a representative value for each pixel group that includes both visible light and near-infrared light information.

Abstract: A system for testing thermal response time of an uncooled infrared focal plane detector array and a method therefor is provided. The system comprises: a blackbody, a chopper, a detector unit under test and a testing system. The method comprises: emitting radiation by the blackbody, chopping by the chopper, then radiating the radiation to the uncooled infrared focal plane detector array under test; generating different responses on the radiation at different chopping frequencies by the uncooled infrared focal plane detector array under test; collecting different response values of the uncooled infrared focal plane detector array under test at different chopping frequencies; obtaining response amplitude at a corresponding frequency in a frequency domain by FFT; fitting according to a formula Rv ? ( f ) = Rv ? ( 0 ) 1 + ( 2 ? ? ? ? f ? ? ? ) 2 to obtain the thermal response time.

Abstract: A detection panel and a detection apparatus are provided. The detection panel includes: a cesium iodide scintillator layer, which is not doped with thallium; and a photoelectric detector, which is arranged on a light emission side of the cesium iodide scintillator layer and includes a semiconductor layer; a forbidden band width of a material for forming the semiconductor layer is greater than or equal to 2.3 eV.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a case, a manipulation ring disposed on the case, a rotational unit, a waterproof member, and an optical tracking system (OTS) sensor. The case has a first chamber and a second chamber arranged outside the first chamber. The case has a thru-hole arranged between the first and second chambers. The rotational unit includes a shaft and a mating member arranged in the second chamber and connected to the shaft. The shaft has a first segment arranged in the first chamber and a second segment arranged in the thru-hole. The manipulation ring is spinable to rotate the mating member and the shaft. The waterproof member is configured to seal a gap between the second segment and an inner wall of the case defining the thru-hole. The OTS sensor is arranged in the first chamber and is corresponding in position to the first segment.

Abstract: A radioactive gas assay system comprises a scintillation cell production assembly, a detector assembly, a computer assembly, and a scintillation cell destruction assembly. The scintillation cell production assembly is configured to produce a scintillation cell comprising a glass scintillator shell containing a volume of radioactive gas. The detector assembly is configured to receive the scintillation cell and to detect photons emitted thereby. The computer assembly is configured to receive data from the detector assembly to automatically calculate an absolute activity of the volume of radioactive gas of the scintillation cell and radiation detection efficiencies of the detector assembly. The scintillation cell destruction assembly is configured to receive the scintillation cell and to rupture the substantially non-porous glass scintillator shell to release the volume of radioactive gas. A method of assaying a radioactive gas, and a scintillation cell are also described.