Abstract: In an ultrahigh sensitive NMR apparatus, a stability of a temperature of a very low temperature probe coil is improved. A low temperature probe of the high sensitive NMR apparatus is structured at a very low temperature by a cooling apparatus. A cooling medium at a room temperature (300 K) discharged from a compressor is cooled down to 70K by a countercurrent heat exchanger, and is next cooled down to 4K or less by a series of second stages. Further, the cooling medium enters into a low temperature probe via a transfer tube, cools a probe coil to 5 to 10K by a heat exchanging portion, further cools a radiation shield to 40 to 60K, and makes a circuit via the countercurrent heat exchanger. A high temperature stability can be applied to a receiving probe coil in the low temperature probe by a cooling apparatus having a high temperature stability.

Abstract: An NMR/ESR antenna is inserted into a magnet device for generating a static magnetic field, and irradiates a sample with an electromagnetic wave to detect a signal generated from the sample. The NMR/ESR antenna comprises a sample tube, an NMR solenoid coil, an ESR microwave cavity, and a microwave guide. The solenoid coil has a central axis coaxial with a central axis of the ESR microwave cavity, and orthogonal to a direction of a main magnetic field generated by the magnetic device.

Abstract: A superconducting magnet configured for an NMR spectrometer includes a split type superconducting magnet having left solenoid superconducting magnets and right solenoid superconducting magnets with a center space therebetween for receiving a sample tube. A permanent current switch is provided and the left and right solenoid superconducting magnets are arranged symmetrically with respect to a center face of the center space. The left and right solenoid superconducting magnets are constituted by an outermost magnet and a plurality of innermost magnets and are arranged in concentric relation with respect to a vertical axis of the center space. A direction of current in at least one of the plurality of innermost magnets is minus when a direction of current in the outermost magnet is plus.

Abstract: A sensor assembly for the detection of substances by means of nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) and in the presence of environmental interference. The sensor assembly has a transmitter Tx which comprises excitation means which generate excitation signals and a switch connected at the outlet of the Transmitter. A first phase-shifted signal divider/adder is connected to the outlet of the switch. First and second sensor elements are connected to the respective outlets of the first phase-shifted signal divider/adder. First and second coupling circuits, preferably of common mode, are connected to the outlet of the first and second sensor elements, respectively. First and second amplifiers are connected to the outlets of the first and second coupling circuits, respectively. First and second bandpass filters are connected to the outlets of the first and second amplifiers, respectively. A second phase-shifted signal divider/adder is connected to the outlets of the first and second bandpass filters, respectively.

Abstract: Non-boil boiling point indicator includes a probe housing having inner and outer chambers and a heater located within the inner chamber at a free end of the probe housing. The probe housing has a free end provided with non-restrictive apertures. Similar non-restrictive apertures are located between the inner and outer chambers and from the outer chamber to an outer environment surrounding the probe housing. The temperature of the test fluid is monitored by a temperature monitoring device. As the test fluid is rapidly heated, its temperature quickly rises then flattens out before boiling point. This change is used to extrapolate to the boiling point. Localized steam or vapor bubbles are created next to the heater, which causes the test fluid above the heater to be propelled upwards and overflow through the unrestricted apertures at the top of the inner chamber into the outer chamber.

Abstract: An ear thermometer including a main body and a probe secured thereto for receiving heat radiation emitted from ear canal. A disposable sheath is operative to surround the probe and isolate the probe from contact with the ear canal. A non-detachable cap which is secured to the main body and the probe are movable relative to each other, thereby allowing the disposable sheath to be popped off of the probe by movement of the non-detachable cap or the probe.

Abstract: The use of a bias controlled diode in the Q-damping circuit of a high temperature superconductor transmit, receive, or transmit and receive self-resonant coil in a nuclear quadrupole resonance detection system results in improved performance. The diode is operated with a forward bias such that the diode is resistive with a resistance of about 10 to about 1000 ohms.

Abstract: In imaging a first species having a short T2 magnetic resonance parameter in the presence of a second and third species having longer T2 parameters, a method of suppressing signals from the longer T2 species comprises the steps of: a) applying a RF saturation pulse with multiple suppression bands for the second and third species to excite nuclei spins of the longer T2 species with the magnitude of the RF pulse being sufficiently low so as not to excite nuclei spins of the short T2 species, the RF saturation pulse being sufficiently long to rotate the longer T2 species nuclei spins into a transverse plane, and b) dephasing the longer T2 species nuclei spins in the transverse plane. An imaging pulse sequence is then applied to image the short T2 species.

Abstract: A method of obtaining a distributed measurement comprises deploying an optical fibre in a measurement region of interest, and launching into it a first optical signal at a first wavelength ?0 and a high power level, a second optical signal at a second wavelength ??1, and a third optical signal at the first wavelength ?0 and a low power level. These optical signals generate backscattered light at the second wavelength ??1 arising from Raman scattering of the first optical signal which is indicative of a parameter to be measured, at the first wavelength ?0 arising from Rayleigh scattering of the first optical signal, at the second wavelength ?—1 arising from Rayleigh scattering of the second optical signal, and at the first wavelength ?0 arising from Rayleigh scattering of the third optical signal.

Abstract: A generator of time-variable magnetic fields generator for a magnetic resonance apparatus has a primary gradient coil unit for generating of a gradient magnetic field in an examination region of the magnetic resonance apparatus. The primary gradient coil unit, for accommodating at least one gradient coil conductor, has a central region, an outer region and at least one connecting region connecting the two regions. The outer region surrounds the central region. At least one intervening space is disposed between the central region and the outer region. The intervening space is free of the gradient coil conductors of the primary gradient coil unit and a radio frequency antenna element is disposed therein. Such a generator enables an effective gradient field and RF field generation in a compact design combining a gradient coil and a radio-frequency antenna.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a multi-pulse sequence for irradiating a substance provided with quadrupole nuclei with either integer or half-integer spins to detect an NQR signal emitted therefrom. The apparatus has pulse sequence generating means adapted to produce multi-pulse sequences with pulse intervals exceeding T2* and containing a preparatory pulse or group of pulses for creating echo signals between the pulses. The pulse sequence is organised so that the resulting signal contains a prevailing echo component produced by the preparatory pulse or group of pulses.

Abstract: A level assembly includes a main level with a base wall, end supports at opposite ends of the base wall and at least one intermediate support extending from the base wall at a location between the end supports. Bubble tubes may be mounted in the end supports and/or the intermediate support of the main level. At least first and second auxiliary levels are releasably mounted to the base wall of the main level and can be used independently of the main level. Alternatively, the main level can be used with the auxiliary levels in place and in certain embodiment can be used while the auxiliary levels are separated from the main level.

Abstract: An image reconstruction technique determines linear combinations of receiver channel information that contribute the most to image SNR and quantifies the SNR loss for the reduced receiver channel set for image reconstruction to reduce the computational burden placed on the reconstruction engine of an MRI system.

Abstract: A system and method for calibrating a pyrometer used in temperature detection in a chemical vapor deposition system is provided. A calibration wafer with a reference region including a metal such as Al or Ag for forming a eutectic, and an exposed non-reference region without such a metal, are provided. Reflectivity measurements are taken from the reference region, and temperature measurements are taken from the non-reference region, over a range of temperatures including a known melting point for the metal eutectic. The pyrometer is calibrated based on the correlation of the known eutectic melting point with the change in reflectivity data obtained in the reference region, in light of the temperature data obtained from the non-reference region.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to intensify the strength of a magnetic field to be applied to a subject. An auxiliary coil is interposed between a body coil incorporated in a magnet assembly included in an MRI apparatus and the subject. When RF pulses are transmitted from the body coil, an induced current flows through the auxiliary coil and generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field excites the subject near the subject.

Abstract: A method for thermogravimetrically testing the behavior of a solid material in the presence of a controlled gaseous atmosphere, characterized in that a plurality of samples (10) are placed in the presence of the gaseous atmosphere inside the same controlled atmosphere furnace (4); each sample is associated with a scale (38) proper thereto; the samples (10) undergo predetermined successive thermal cycles each including a heating step during which the samples are directly heated (by radiation or induction) and a cooling step during which the weight of each sample is independently measured and recorded in a continuous manner during at least one predetermined period such as a high temperature level during the heating step of each thermal cycle. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method.

Abstract: In order to suppress fringe field due to the magnetic field generated from shield coils along the center axis of main coils and the shield coils that are disposed with their center axes being identical, when reducing fringe field to the outside of a magnet apparatus using the shield coils, the magnet apparatus is configured so that the radii of the main coils are approximately equal to or smaller than the radii of the shield coils, the radii of auxiliary coils are smaller than the radii of the shield coils, the distance between the two main coils is smaller than the distance between the two shield coils, and the distance between the two shield coils is smaller than the distance between the two auxiliary coils.

Abstract: A method for improving the measurement accuracy of a portable coordinate measurement machine which comprises an articulated arm having jointed arm segments is presented. This method includes sensing deformation of a portion of the articulated arm when the arm is placed under a load, this deformation causing an error in the measurement made by the CMM, and correcting such error in response to the sensed deformation.

Abstract: A fixture for sensing temperature. The fixture comprises a base, a generally horizontal member having a first distal end and a second distal end, the first end being connected to the base, a generally vertical member having a first distal end and a second distal end, the first end being connected to the second end of the horizontal member, a foot-shaped structure having an upper portion, a lower portion and a side portion, the upper portion being connected to the second end of the vertical member, and at least one temperature sensor affixed to the foot-shaped structure. The base is placed onto a seat and the foot-shaped structure is positioned proximate a floor, effective to position the sensor for sensing the temperature of the floor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a temperature sensor with an improved reliability of a root portion of a harness. A substantially rod-shaped guide portion 28 vertically protruding on a vertical wall 20c of the substrate is provided and the harness 40 is fixed to the guide portion 28 in a contacting state by accommodating the guide portion 28 and the harness 40 in a vinyl tube 44. Because of this configuration, a root portion of the harness 40, which comes out from the substrate 20, is unlikely to be bent due to the rigidity of the guide portion 28, and is not broken and disconnected.