Abstract: The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to apparatus, systems, and methods for reduction and/or removal of one or more contaminants (e.g., heavy metals, chromium, phosphorous, phosphorous compounds, nitrogen, nitrogen compounds) from a feed composition (e.g., a fluid). Apparatus, systems, and methods, in some embodiments, may be operable to decontaminate a fluid with comparatively little or no contaminant containing waste fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a blood bag system, a method for its manufacture, and a process for reducing pathogens and leucocytes in biological fluids in particular in therapeutic quantities of platelet concentrates (PC) contained in the blood bag system, using UV-light and agitation, wherein part of the plasma of the PC is optionally exchanged against a platelet additive solution.

Abstract: Methods and systems for removing leukocytes from a biological fluid are disclosed. The methods and systems include a device that has a magnetic substrate coated with one or more polymeric materials that have an adhesion or adsorption affinity for leukocytes.

Abstract: A method for recycling rare earth from a wastewater from rare earth mining or from rare earth smelting, includes the steps of: removing oil from the wastewater to obtain a degreased wastewater; purifying the degreased wastewater to obtain a purified wastewater using a pretreatment system; recycling rare earth from the purified wastewater to obtain a rare earth slurry and a low rare earth wastewater using a rare earth recycling tank; treating the low rare earth wastewater to obtain ammonia gas using an ammonium degassing device; and converting the ammonia gas to obtain aqueous ammonia using an aqueous ammonium preparing system.

Abstract: A hollow-fiber membrane element for forward osmosis which is a both open-ended hollow-fiber membrane element in which both ends of a wound hollow-fiber membrane body are opened, the wound hollow-fiber membrane body having hollow-fiber membranes arranged in an intersecting manner by winding the hollow-fiber membranes around a porous distribution pipe in a helical manner, wherein a) the number of winds per element length in a region from the outermost layer of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body to at least one eighth of the thickness of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body is 0.33 to 1.75, and b) the number of winds per element length in a region from the innermost layer of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body to at least one fourth of the thickness of the wound hollow-fiber membrane body is greater than 1.75.

Abstract: A water filter cartridge is reduced in fluctuation in filtration flow rate or in filtration performance due to activated carbon, and can exhibit stable performance even at the time of large scale production; and a water purifier is equipped with the water filter cartridge. A water filter cartridge having particulate activated carbon filled in a case for accommodating a filtering material in which the ratio of the total mass of particulate activated carbon having a particle size of 0.3 to 4.0 mm relative to the total mass of activated carbon is 97% by mass or more, and, in a particle size distribution which represents the relationship of the mass ratio of activated carbon relative to the particle size of activated carbon, a peak at which the mass ratio is 31% by mass or more does not appear in a particle size range of from 0.3 to 4.0 mm.

Abstract: Apparatuses, processes and methods for the separation, isolation, or removal of radioactive isotopes from liquid radioactive waste, these processes and methods employing a plurality of microspheres. In some embodiments, the processes and methods further include the vitrification of the separated isotopes, generally with the plurality of microspheres. Vitrification is often a step in a larger scheme of preparing the radioactive isotopes for long-term storage or other disposition.

Abstract: A flow loop for hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration and hemofiltration for the treatment of pathological conditions such as End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) that has a controlled compliant flow path for preparing fluids required for a hemodialysis therapy session from water. The controlled compliant flow path modifies water into any one of a solution for priming a hemodialysis system, a physiologically compatible solution for contacting blood, a physiologically compatible solution for infusion to a subject, and a solution for blood rinse back to a subject. The controlled compliant flow path has a means for selectively metering in and metering out fluid from the flow path.

Abstract: Perforated graphene and other perforated two-dimensional materials can be used in hemodialysis membranes and blood filtration membranes for selective removal of components from blood in vivo and ex vivo. The membranes are useful in hemodialysis and hemofiltration techniques to provide improved patient care. Hemodialysis systems can include a hemodialysis membrane formed from perforated graphene or another perforated two-dimensional material disposed upon a porous support structure. Hemofiltration systems can include one or more and preferably two or more blood filtration membrane formed from perforated graphene or another perforated two-dimensional material disposed upon a porous support structure. Methods for performing hemodialysis can involve exposing blood from a patient to a hemodialysis membrane formed from a perforated two-dimensional material. Ex vivo dialysis techniques can be performed similarly.

Abstract: A membrane distillation arrangement (100) comprising: at least two dividers (120), each divider (120) having a top (122) and a base (124) and at least one side (126) which extends between the top (122) and the base (124); at least one transfer element (132) selected from a membrane, heat transfer component or combination thereof, each transfer element (132) having a top (134) and a base (136), each transfer element (132) being supported between two dividers (120); a plurality of perimeter seals (130), at least one perimeter seal (130) extending around the perimeter of the top (134) or the base (136) of each transfer element (132), each perimeter seal (130) forming a substantially fluid tight seal and a fluid flow space (140, 141) between the respective top (134) or base (136) of each transfer element (132) and a respective adjacent face of a divider (120).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a biochemical process for the denitrification of a hypersaline wastewater composition.

Abstract: A method to calibrate measurements of a test analyte in a test sample including measuring at least one test-light level responsive to reactions of at least one reagent group and at least one reactive test analyte in the test sample and measuring at least one control-light level responsive to reactions of at least one reagent group and at least one control analyte in a control sample. Each control analyte is a known amount of at least one reactive test analyte. The method further includes determining a presence of the reactive test analyte in the test sample based on the measured test-light levels and control-light levels. The reagent group and the reactive test analyte react by attaching to each other.

Abstract: An improved livestock wastewater treatment system for treating wastewater produced by a confined animal feeding operation (CAFO) facility to reclaim water and solids from the wastewater, and to reduce the environmental footprint of the CAFO facility is provided. The treatment system combines both mechanical and chemical water treating and includes separation of liquids from solids, collection of the separated solids at various stages, and treatment of the remaining liquid so that it can be reclaimed. Methods of treating livestock wastewater with the livestock wastewater treatment system is also provided.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a porous membrane that has both high water permeability and excellent protein fractionation performance. Provided is a method for producing a porous membrane, said method comprising a step for discharging a membrane-forming dope that contains a hydrophilic polymer from a slit formed in a mouthpiece, and a step for, after the passage of the discharged membrane-forming dope through a dry part, solidifying the membrane-forming dope in a coagulation bath to give a porous membrane, wherein the cross-section area of the slit is 3-30 times inclusive as large as the cross-section area of the solidified porous membrane.

Abstract: Objects of the invention are to provide a blood purifier package which shows a less increase in the amounts of extracts from the materials of its blood purifier, particularly of its selective permeable separation membranes, attributed to the deterioration of the same materials with time after exposure to a radioactive ray or an electron ray, and which is therefore highly reliable in safety in use for hemocatharsis, and to provide a process for manufacturing the same. The present invention relates to a blood purifier package obtained by packing a blood purifier which comprises selectively permeable separation membranes as a main component, and this blood purifier package is characterized in that the blood purifier is packed and sealed together with an oxygen scavenger in a packaging material capable of shutting out an external air and a water vapor, under a condition of a relative humidity of above 40% RH at 25° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a blood purifier which shows a decreased amount of hydrogen peroxide extracted from its selectively permeable separation membranes, and thus is highly reliable in its safety in use for hemecatharysis. The blood purifier comprises selectively permeable separation membranes as a main component and is characterized in that the amount of hydrogen peroxide which is extracted from the selectively permeable separation membrane removed from the blood purifier after 3 months or longer has passed since the sterilization of the blood purifier by exposure to a radioactive ray and/or an electron ray is not larger than 10 ppm.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and compositions for removing organophosphate toxins from blood are disclosed herein. The compositions include a lipid-based capture particle that displays BChE that binds to the toxin. The methods include acoustically separating toxins bound to lipid-based capture particles from blood factors of whole blood.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method for analyzing reactions. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The donor chemical is capable of donating a chemical moiety to the acceptor chemical. The solution further includes at least one controller chemical that affects the reaction between the donor chemical and the acceptor chemical. The solution is then incubated so that a portion of the acceptor chemical reacts with the donor chemical form an acceptor product. Unreacted donor chemical is separated from the acceptor product. The acceptor product or the donor chemical is then measured using X-ray fluorescence. Another aspect of the present invention includes a method for analyzing protein function. The method includes the steps of providing a solution of at least one acceptor chemical and at least one donor chemical. The donor chemical is capable of donating a chemical moiety to the acceptor chemical.

Abstract: This invention provides lateral flow filters with pore size gradients and with features to prevent peripheral flows around the filter. The filters can be laminated composites of two or more planar filter layers. Cartridges employing the filters can include a filtration chamber configured to retain the lateral flow filters including a port for sample application and a capillary channel for filtrate egress. The fluid egress port can be positioned to receive filtrate from one filter layer but not another.

Abstract: The present invention provides apparatuses, systems and methods for the controllable oxidation of bromide into bromine either directly through electrochemical (EC) anodes or indirectly through electrochemically generated oxidants.