Abstract: A process for the dyeing of paper with granulated dyeing preparations, preferably dissolved in water. For the process granulated dyeing preparations are used which consist of(a) a dye soluble to at least 2% in water at 25.degree. C. and(b) in an amount not greater than 50%, a salt which dissociates in water, the average size of the granules being at least 20 microns.This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 239,360, filed Mar. 29, 1972 and now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 60,115, filed July 31, 1970 and now abandoned, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 761,333, filed Sept. 20, 1968 and now abandoned.

Abstract: A print paste formulation, useful in the printing of carpets and fabrics, comprising hydroalkyl carboxyalkyl cellulose as the thickening agent, a dye, and water as the carrier.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for dyeing a web in a continuous manner so as to impart a dye density gradient to the web across its transverse dimension is disclosed.

Abstract: A continuous process and apparatus for randomly coloring a pile fabric material includes pretreating the fabric to be dyed with a wetting agent, conveying the pretreated fabric continuously through a series of operating stations including a gum applicator for application of a viscous gum coating and thereafter to a roll dye applicator for application of a first dye color which penetrates the gum coating prior to being set. The first dye color is of a relatively low viscosity, much lower than that of the gum, to allow said dye color to overrun the tips of the yarn. The tips of the yarn remain relatively undyed by the first dye color which settles mostly at the lower base position of the carpet yarn.For application of additional dye colors, additional successive dye applicators may be used. In such event the dye colors applied are different viscosities. The first applied dye color is preferably of a viscosity greater than that of the second applied dye color and may be included within the gum.

Abstract: A dyeing or printing process for substrates consisting of synthetic or semi-synthetic, high molecular organic substances of hydrophobic character, performed with an organic dyestuff which is dispersed in a liquid organic compound containing a dissolved alkyd resin acting as a dispersing agent.

Abstract: Stable, highly concentrated dyestuff solutions which are miscible with water in any proportion are described and which contain at least one azo or nitro dyestuff containing sulphonic acid groups or at least one anthraquinone dyestuff dissolved in a solvent mixture consisting of an aprotic solvent or a mixture of aprotic solvents, a glycol ether and optionally water, e.g. N-methylpyrrolidone/diethylene glycol monomethyl ether which mixture exhibits a pronounced synergetic effect with regard both to the solubility of the dyestuffs and to the stability of the dyestuff solution.These dyestuff solutions are suitable for the production of dye solution for the dyeing or printing of in particular, natural or synthetic nitrogen containing organic fibers especially polyamide carpets.

Abstract: Process for dehairing skin and hide with mercapto compounds in the presence of an alkaline medium in a short liquor.

Abstract: A method for treating a wash waste liquor, which comprises treating fibers which have been dyed by applying a dye liquor containing a solution or dispersion of a non-ionic dye in a high boiling water-soluble organic medium or a mixture of it with a low boiling medium and then heating the fibers, with a low boiling organic solvent capable of dissolving the high boiling water-soluble organic medium, thereby to wash out the unfixed dye and the high boiling water-soluble organic medium remaining on the surface of the fibers; concentrating the wash waste liquor by evaporating at least a part of the low boiling organic solvent contained in the waste liquor; and extracting the high boiling organic medium from the concentrate using water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for printing flat-surface structures made from synthetic man-made or regenerated man-made polymer materials, for example polyester, polyacetate and preferably polyacrylonitrile fibres, by transfer printing, by means of auxiliary carriers which are printed with printing inks or printing pastes using dyes of the formula I ##STR1## wherein N IS 0 OR 1,R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl, branched or unbranched, while R.sub.1 together with the phenyl nucleus can form a 6-membered heterocyclic ring,R.sub.2 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, branched or unbranched, cyanomethyl, cyanoethyl, hydroxyethyl, chloroethyl, phenyl or benzyl, substituted or unsubstituted, andR.sub.3 represents hydrogen, methyl, ethyl and nitro, orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring, in particular morpholine.

Abstract: A process for continuous dyeing or printing, wherein a textile matrial is impregnated or printed with an emulsion of water and a halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbon containing at least one dyestuff, at least one of the phases of the emulsion containing a thickener of high molecular weight, and the dyestuff thus applied is fixed by steaming or heating.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispersion of a water-soluble basic dyestuff in an organic solvent that is at least partially miscible with water or in a mixture of such a solvent with water.

Abstract: A process for the coloration of a hydroxy substituted organic polymeric substrate by heating it to at least 93.degree. C. with a water-soluble dyestuff containing one or more groups of the formula: ##STR1## WHERE M is a metal N IS 0 OR 1Q is 0 or 1M is 0, 1 or 2R = 1 or 2T = 0 or 1And r+t is not greater than 2 and when n = 1, m+t+r+q is not greater than 3, in the presence of a carbodiimide and a salt or a volatile amine.This process is valuable for coloring, in particular, cellulose textiles. It permits the use of dyestuffs in the form of metal, especially sodium salts, thereby avoiding the necessity of having dyes as free acid or ammonium salts which related known processes require.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating a textile fabric with a volatile organic solvent and the resulting treated fabric which comprises, in cooperative sequence, pretreating said fabric in a pretreat stage by sequentially preheating to remove volatile materials and then cooling, followed by applying said solvent to the fabric in an application stage and then drying the fabric by evaporation and condensing and recovering the evaporated solvent in a drying and recovery stage, followed by recycling the recovered solvent back to said application stage. The invention has particular utility by providing a method which enables the recycling of the organic solvent from a fabric treating process and, therefore, provides an improved treated fabric.

Abstract: An improved process for the dyeing of organic material, especially synthetic organic material, from organic solvents with application of a short goods-to-liquor ratio, by(a) applying a concentrated organic dye liquor heated to at least 80.degree. C with a goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:4 in atomized form to said organic material maintained in motion in an essentially closed chamber, preferably at a temperature below the absorption temperature of the dyestuffs, said concentrated organic dye liquor containing at least one dyestuff or optical brightener dissolved and/or finely dispersed in an organic solvent and having affinity to the fibers of the substrate to be dyed;(b) heating the thus treated organic material after application of the whole amount of the dye liquor to a temperature of 100.degree. to 150.degree.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator a sulfonic anhydride of the formula:R.sub.1 SO.sub.2 OSO.sub.2 R.sub.2wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is selected from the class consisting of an alkyl radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms; a cycloalkyl radical of 3 to 7 carbon atoms; a phenyl radical; a naphthyl radical and a heterocyclic radical having 1 ring or 2 fused rings, said ring or rings containing 5 to 6 members of which 1 to 2 are heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, it being understood that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can be identical or different except where they are phenyl or naphthyl in which case R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are always different. Also described are dry blend compositions containing the bleach bath components.

Abstract: A process of removing soil and/or stains from fabrics by immersing the fabrics in a peroxygen bleach bath containing as a peroxygen activator, an anhydride of a carboxylic acid with a sulfonic acid selected from the formulae consisting ofR.sub.1 --(SO.sub.2 OC(O)--R.sub.2).sub.n and (R.sub.1 --SO.sub.2 OC(O)).sub.n R.sub.2wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3; each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be alike or different, is selected from the class consisting of a 1 to 3 valent hydrocarbon radical derived from an alkane of 1 to 16 carbon atoms, a cycloalkane of 3 to 7 carbon atoms and an arene of 6 to 12 aromatic carbon atoms while taken together R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: A method for coloring fabrics with coloring agents producing unique decorative patterns thereon by pleating the fabric, distributing the coloring agents onto the pleated fabric, fixing the coloring agents to the fabric, and then unpleating the resulting colored fabric. Also disclosed is a method for producing a simulated printed effect upon a flocked fabric which has been flocked in a pre-determined design pattern and impregnated with a wetting agent prior to the said pleating step. Fabrics obtained by such methods are also described.

Abstract: When from about 0.5% to about 5% of N,N'-disubstituted thioureas are coated on nylon fiber, improved dyefastness is achieved compared to an untreated dyed nylon fiber when this fiber is exposed to ozone.

Abstract: For the fixation of dyes and other chemicals in textile fibres, however formed or combined, such fibres are conveyed through a closely confining tube located between electrodes by which a radio frequency energy field is created in the tube, the packing of the tube with such fibres being sufficiently dense to ensure that, when heated by the energy field, the tube and its contents form a partially self-sealing pressure chamber whereby the rate of reaction of the dye or chemical on the fibres is accelerated. Various embodiments of apparatus for the performance of such a fixation process on fibres of different forms and combinations are also shown.

Abstract: A synthetic fiber material is continuously dyed or printed by contacting with a dye bath comprising a water-insoluble dye and at least one member of polyoxyethylene derivatives, such as ##STR1## AND GLYCERIN DERIVATIVES, SUCH AS ##STR2## and subjecting the resulting fiber material to a dry or wet heat treatment, whereby the fiber material is dyed or printed with a deep color and with prevention of migration of the dye.